Abstract: An offshore structure used for the production of or exploration for oil or gas or for some other purpose. The configuration enables the offshore structure to be installed and removed simply and economically. A central tower is wholly or partly supported by piles, foundations, and a template which is located on the sea bed and to which the central tower is attached. The dimensions of the central tower and the location and dimensions of the piles allow the offshore structure to have the desired response characteristics to permit a structurally sound and efficient arrangement. The central tower extends above the water level to support a module, deck, or building, generally referred to as the topsides. The central tower is placed on the template or can be driven into and fixed to the sea bed. The template can be used to drill wells before the installation of the central tower or piles.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for pressurizing the inside of tubular members of an offshore structure that are immersed in sea water so that the internal pressure resists the hydrostatic pressure of the sea water. To achieve this internal pressure, gas is generated automatically on the inside of the members as the structure descends to its in-place location. The gas can also be used to deballast a tubular member.

Abstract: A pile is plugged at its lower end or tip region so as to make it easier to drive. Additionally, such a plugged pile facilitates the transportation and handling of the pile prior to its driving.

Abstract: A pile handling tool for use in lowering and stabbing a pile underwater. The tool incorporates a simple release mechanism to engage or disengage the tool from the pile using an ROV. A sleeve is sized to be received over the top end of the pile. A lifting eye is provided on the top of the sleeve. A stop plate is provided in the sleeve that allows it to rest on top of the pile. A pile centralizer provided in the sleeve substantially centers the pile in the sleeve when the sleeve is lowered over the pile. Pile support pins movably received in cylinders on the sleeve are form the release mechanism and are movable by an ROV for installation of the tool and lifting and installing of a pile.

Abstract: A fixed, non-compliant, non-floating offshore platform subject to lower wave, wind, current, and rig loadings resulting from a configuration that supports the portion of the well casings that extend from near the seafloor to a deck level above the water surface using tension instead of intermediate lateral supports. Only the smallest one or two well casings among all those that comprise the well casing system are extended back from the seafloor, which further reduces the lateral loadings on the structure.

Abstract: A marine vessel launch apparatus utilizing cradle wedges that are released by explosive triggers. The cradle wedges are located above each skidway and directly support the vessel. The cradle wedge is shaped and sized to provide a direct means of connecting the cradle wedge to the vessel tieback/support. The tieback/support for the cradle wedge is rigidly attached to the skidway. The tieback/support and cradle wedge are held together with bolts and frangible nuts. Explosive charges are used on the frangible nuts to release the cradle wedges from the tieback/support and launch the vessel. Jacks provide positive horizontal pressure on the cradle wedges to break static friction between the cradle wedges and skidways to initiate vessel motion down the skidways and into the waterway.

Abstract: An apparatus for near vertical laying of pipeline offshore. A support base and framework on a lay vessel support an alignment tower that extends upwardly from the base and is designed to support the pipe joint to be added to the pipeline. A support tower that supports the weight of the pipeline is attached to the support base such that the support tower extends downwardly therefrom into the water. A travel block is adapted for movement along the length of the tower for raising or lowering the pipe and pipeline. A pedestal that is movable between open and closed positions for receiving a pipe section from the travel block and supporting the weight of the pipeline is positioned near the bottom of the tower. A strongback or boom may be used to grasp a pipe joint from a ready rack and transfer the pipe joint into the alignment tower for addition of the pipe joint to the pipeline. The extension of the support tower into the water eliminates the need for a stinger.

Abstract: A compliant offshore structure with flex tubes that are not driven into the sea bottom. A foundation template has bottles with skirt pile sleeves and a closed bottom socket. A tower and tower extension support the deck above the water line. The tower legs each enclose a flex tube such that there is an annulus between the leg and flex tube. The flex tube extends below the lower end of the leg so as to be received in the socket. The flex tubes are grouted in place in the sockets to connect the tower to the foundation template. Thickened wall portions may be provided on corresponding sections of the leg and flex tube to provide wear surfaces.

Abstract: An apparatus for near vertical laying of pipeline offshore. A support frame and movable deck on a lay vessel support a tower at the desired angle for pipe laying. The tower has a travel block that is movable between open and closed positions for receiving a pipe section and supporting the weight of the pipe or pipeline. The travel block is adapted for movement along the length of the tower for raising or lowering the pipe and pipeline. A pedestal that is movable between open and closed positions for receiving a pipe section and supporting the weight of the pipeline is positioned near the bottom of the tower and adapted to transfer the weight of the pipeline from the travel block to the pedestal without the need to open the travel block. A strongback with adjustable clamps is used to grasp a pipe section from a ready rack and transfer the pipe section into the tower for addition of the pipe section to the pipeline. The strongback is guided into and up the tower by rails.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transporting and installing a deck of an offshore platform onto a substructure without requiring heavy lift cranes. The towing vessel or semisubmersible vessel is configured with a cutout or opening therein that surrounds the substructure onto which the platform is to be placed. The platform is transported in an elevated position upon the semisubmersible vessel and it spans across this opening such that once the semisubmersible vessel is properly positioned (i.e. the elevated platform being positioned over and in alignment with the substructure), the semisubmersible vessel is rapidly ballasted thereby transferring the platform onto the substructure.

Abstract: A preinstalled, adjustable conductor guide for offshore platforms. A conductor guide is provided with apertures spaced around its circumference. A rectangular tube is rigidly attached to the conductor guide at each aperture such that the tube extends upwardly from the conductor guide at an angle. The tube is provided with a plurality of offset slotted holes along its length on opposing sides. A slide having a plurality of offset holes along its length is received in the tube and movable between a first retracted position and a second inserted position. A bolt, received through the holes in the tube and slide, and nut are used to retain the slide in either the first or second position.

Abstract: A system for automatically tracking a surface for performing a welding operation comprises a frame and pair of ring gears movably mounted to the frame. The ring gears are spaced apart from each other. Three weld heads are movably mounted to each ring gear. Each weld head has a welding torch for providing a weld and a laser scanning device for scanning a surface and for measuring distances over the surface. A control system communicates with the laser scanner for receiving the measured distances and for controlling the movement of the ring gears and the weld heads.

Abstract: A method for joining modules of ships. Ship modules are fabricated in individual bays of fabrication buildings and then moved out of the buildings for attachment together to form the ship on water. This eliminates the need for large dry docks or launch areas. The modules are floated and positioned such that the edges to be joined are adjacent or abutting each other. A flexible strap may be positioned tightly against the joint exterior to prevent water entry or a floating structure may be positioned under the modules such that a circular cross section backing seal the joint to prevent water entry. The interior of the modules is dewatered and the modules are then welded together. The modules may be positioned adjacent each other above the waterline through the use of a barge and dry dock to eliminate the need for dewatering.

Abstract: A downcomer for use in ebullating bed reactors that is perforated along its length within the reactor. These perforations are sized slightly smaller that the solid catalyst particles used in the reactor in order to screen out these solid particles and prevent their flow or movement into the downcomer from the reactor. As a result of the perforated downcomer, any liquid separated from the fluidized medium and collected in the downcomer will flow back through these perforations and into the reactor when the ebullating bed is operating at its normal level; however, when the ebullating bed is operating at an upset level condition, the liquid in this fluidized medium will flow in the opposite direction and will pass through these perforations into the downcomer in order to maintain a minimum flow to the ebullating pumps.

Abstract: A pulling system for pulling or moving a large object, such as pulling components of an offshore oil/gas production platform onto an adjacent barge that is subsequently transported to the installation site. This pulling system incorporates a single elongated rod that is connected between the object to be moved and a puller unit that pulls the object along a track. During operation, the puller unit causes a gripping unit to grip the rod so that the puller unit can move the object. Afterwards, the gripping unit releases its engagement of the rod, repositions itself with respect to the rod, and regrips the rod so that movement of the object may again be initiated by the puller unit.

Abstract: A downcomer for use in ebullating bed reactors that is perforated along its length within the reactor. These perforations are sized slightly smaller that the solid catalyst particles used in the reactor in order to screen out these solid particles and prevent their flow or movement into the downcomer from the reactor. As a result of the perforated downcomer, any liquid separated from the fluidized medium and collected in the downcomer will flow back through these perforations and into the reactor when the ebullating bed is operating at its normal level; however, when the ebullating bed is operating at an upset level condition, the liquid in this fluidized medium will flow in the opposite direction and will pass through these perforations into the downcomer in order to maintain a minimum flow to the ebullating pumps.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a method of installing well conductors in such a way that the load upon the platform is significantly reduced thereby also eliminating the need for additional framing members. In accordance with this method, an end region of a well conductor is plugged which, if the conductor has a diameter-to-wall thickness ratio of about thirty to one (30:1), will cause the conductor to achieve nearly neutral buoyancy. By selectively adjusting the buoyancy of the conductor, such as by flooding or de-ballasting, additional conductor lengths may be added without imposing an unduly large load upon the platform. In this fashion, a smaller crane will be able to lower the conductor string without the need for a much larger derrick crane, which may then be more efficiently used solely to upend and stab the elongated conductors through the platform.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a braced offshore structure that is constructed on land as a single unit in a compact bundle before being transported on a barge to the installation site. After the compact unit is launched, it is unfolded and ballasted before being installed upon the ocean floor. This structure consists of an elongated central tower having a plurality of braces pivotally secured thereto. These braces are initially positioned generally parallel to this central tower within recesses in the central tower but after the braces are unfolded, they extend at an angle to the central tower.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a re-usable offshore platform that is secured in place by skirt piles. The platform is constructed with skirt pile sleeves having an interior insert that is subsequently connected to the skirt pile. Prior to salvage, or re-use, the connection between the sleeve and the insert is cut thereby enabling the skirt pile to be removed which consequently allows the platform to be moved. Upon re-use or re-positioning, a new insert is installed and secured within the sleeve afterwhich new skirt piles are stabbed through the insert and embedded in the seafloor. Alternatively, should larger piles be needed at the new location, the larger piles can be stabbed through the sleeve itself thereby eliminating the need for new inserts.

Abstract: A method of laying pipeline in water greater than 1000 feet deep is disclosed whereby the pipeline is assembled on board a lay barge and then, during deployment, is bent beyond typical elastic bending limitations and Conventional Lay bending strain limitations while passing along a stinger where it is subsequently reverse bent to remove any permanent curvature. Upon further deployment, a generally horizontal axial load is maintained on the pipeline as it come to rest upon the sea floor such that the final in-situ residual bending curvature of the pipeline is nearly zero or falls within an acceptable range.