Abstract: Sialocylglycerolipids represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a group CH.sub.3 CO--; R.sup.2 represents an alkali metal, a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a group C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 -- (n is an integer ranging from 1 to 30); and R.sup.4 represents a group C.sub.m H.sub.2n+1 -- (m is an integer ranging from 1 to 30) are herein disclosed. They are prepared by treating a corresponding compound in an alkaline aqueous solvent. The method makes it possible to provide these compounds in a high yield by a simple processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sodium salt of sialosyl cholesterol. The present compound has an excellent high water solubility, and therefore the compound is very useful as a medicine to be used for curing various diseases derived from lesions of peripheral or central nerves.

Abstract: A repairing agent for cells and tissues is disclosed, which agent comprises, as an active ingredient, a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Z represents lithium, potassium, sodium, ammonium or an organic ammonium when n is 1, and Z represents calcium, barium or magnesium when n is 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sulfated oligosaccharides or their derivatives such as the following compound and being useful for diagnosing or treating diseases such as immunity-related diseases and mucopolysaccharide diseases. ##STR1## (M is an alkali metal).

Abstract: The present invention relates to sialic acid derivatives. According to the present invention, there is provided sialic acid derivatives having the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein, R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, an acetyl group, a trityl group, ##STR2## (R.sup.5 represents hydrogen or an acetyl group and R.sup.6 represents hydrogen, sodium or a methyl group).R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or an acetyl group,one of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represents ##STR3## (R.sup.7 represents a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group, R.sup.8 represents a hydrogen atom, an acetyl group or a benzyl group, R.sup.9 represents a hydrogen atom, an acetyl group, a benzyl group or ##STR4## wherein R.sup.10 represents a hydrogen atom or a benzoyl group), while the other represents --COOR.sup.11 wherein R.sup.11 represents hydrogen, sodium, or a methyl group.

Abstract: Novel sialic acid derivatives and galactose derivatives which are useful intermediate for the synthesis of gangliosides. Methods for the production of the sialic acid and galactose derivatives. Methods for the production of ganglioside GM.sub.3.

Abstract: A sialic acid-bonded octapeptide represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an acetyl group; and R' represents a lower alkyl group, an aralkyl group, a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal atom, is herein disclosed. The peptide chain of the sialic acid-bonded octapeptide is constituted by 8 amino acid molecules on the C-terminus side of FTS and the compounds represented by formula (I) can be obtained by bonding sialic acid to the amino terminus of the peptide chain according to condensation. These octapeptides show excellent physiological activity comparable to FTS and a half life in blood longer than that of FTS and it is expected that the affinity of the peptide to lymphocytes is also enhanced. Thus they can effectively be used as medicines for treating the lowering and abnormality of functions of the thymus.

Abstract: The present invention provides ganglioside-related compounds expressed by the following formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 denotes a hydrogen atom or SiR.sub.3 R.sub.4 R.sub.5 (wherein R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each denotes a methyl or phenyl group, and R.sub.5 denotes a tertiary butyl or dimethylphenylmethyl group), and R.sub.2 denotes a hydrogen atom, a trityl group, or ##STR2## (wherein M denotes an alkali metal atom)) and methods of producing the same. These ganglioside-related compounds are useful as markers for the early detection of cancer and in the immunotherapy for cancer.

Abstract: Sialic acid derivatives and process for preparing these compounds. In these compounds, a phenylthio group is stereo-selectively incorporated at the 3-position of the sialic acid. These compounds are useful as intermediates for synthesizing various glycosides such as ganglioside, a blood type determining factor, GQ.sub.1b etc. The present invention also relates to sialic acid-containing oligosaccharide derivatives and process for preparing them.

Abstract: The present application discloses a new sialosyl glyceride having the following formula, which compound is useful as a remedy for nervous diseases, has an excellent compatability with the living bodies, and is easily producible. ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or XCH.sub.2 CO-- (X being a halogen atom), R.sup.2 represents an alkali metal, a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group, R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or --CO(CH.sub.2)mCH.sub.3, R.sup.4 represents --CO(CH.sub.2)mCH.sub.3 amd m and n each represents a number of 0 to 30.

Abstract: A sialic acid derivative having an active carbonyl group represented by the formula [I]: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or acetyl group; R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, a metal or a lower alkyl group; R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, hydroxyl group, or a residue removed hydrogen from an alcohol portion of an active ester; Ac represents acetyl group; and n is 1 to 20, respectively. This sialic acid derivative [I] can be utilized as a starting material for various complex having a sialic acid in the molecule since it has an active carbonyl group in the molecules so that it shows high reactivity.

Abstract: A new process for preparing halides of N-acetylneuraminic acids useful as an intermediate in preparing new N-acetylneuraminic acid derivatives having an excellent immunological activity is provided, which process comprises simultaneously acetylating and halogenating an esterified N-acetylneuraminic acid with the aid of an acetyl halide, and according to the process, the halides may be obtained in high yield of about 90%.

Abstract: Hybridomas which produce monoclonal antibodies specific to an abnormal branched determinant of a synthetic glycolipid antigen and methods of use of the monoclonal antibodies.

Abstract: Novel unnatural ceramide related compounds, for instance, (2S, 3S)-2-tetracosanamido-octadecane-1,3-diol are herein provided, which are useful as intermediates in preparing ceramide moieties employed in the preparation of glycolipids and gangliosides known as tumor markers or molecular markers and which are prepared by, for instance, subjecting a chiral compound represented by the following formula: ##STR1## to deacetal treatment.

Abstract: A cap of a bottle for a medical fluid having a seal stopper at an opening. The cap has a projection integrally extending from a cap body of a cap member. Around the base portion of the projection, there is formed a thin-plate portion for bending and removing the projection from the cap body with ease and safety. The thin plate comprises a continuously recessed groove.

Abstract: An inhaler in use for inhaling pharmaceutical powdered preparations through the mouth and making the same reach a trachea, bronchi and pulmonary cells. The inhaler has a generally bent form with a predetermined bend angle, preferably, at 60 degrees. The inhaler includes a hollow body, a capsule holding portion for receiving and holding a capsule, and an inhaling section. The capsule holding portion is rotated relative to a hollow body, whereby the capsule is divided into two including a barrel and a head, so that the powdered preparations can fall into the hollow body. The powdered preparations, which have fallen into the hollow body can be inhaled into a human body together with intake air flowing through air intake openings provided in the capsule holding portion by mouth suction applied to the inhaling section. The capsule barrel which has fallen into the hollow body is prevented from being inhaled into the human body due to the presence of a porous member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a quinoline base compound represented by the following general formula (1) of: ##STR1## wherein X is CH.sub.2, O or S. Further provided are the process for the preparation of the aforementioned quinoline base compound and an anticancer agent including the same as a pharmacologically efficacious component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for preparing 3-O-(sodium(5-acetamide-3,5-dideoxy-alpha-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-noneuro pyranosyl)onate-1,2-di-O-tetradecyl-Sn-glycerol (3) consisting essentially of hydrolyzing a 3-O-(C.sub.1-5 alkyl(5-acetamide-4,7,8,9-tetra-O-acetyl-3,5-di-deoxy-alpha-D-glycero-D-ga lacto-2-noneuropyranosyl)onate)-1,2-di-O-tetradecyl-Sn-glycerol (1) in a single step, in an aqueous lower aliphatic alcohol solution of an alkali metal hydroxide.

Abstract: A medicament for curing arteriosclerosis which comprises pyrimido [2,1-b] benzothiazole derivative.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel process for preparing a compound represented by the formula ##STR1## In accordance with this invention, the compound is prepared by reacting a compound represented by the formula ##STR2## with glycolic acid in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.