Abstract: In one implementation a computer system stores a software program that contains some instructions organized in blocks wherein each block contains a first part with instructions and a second part with an electronic signature or hash value, wherein the computer system includes a security component within the processor that allows the execution of instructions of the first part of a block of data only if the hash value of the data is correct.

Abstract: A method for managing multicast traffic through a switch operating in the layer 2 of the OSI model, and routers and switches involved in the method. In one implementation a router sends to a switch a message containing identification of specific equipment which has requested specific multicast traffic, and also containing a specification of the specific traffic, and when the switch receives data carrying multicast traffic, based on the destination and origin addresses of the data, and based on the identification of the specific equipment and of the specification of the specific multicast traffic that it has received in the message, the switch deduces if the data carry the specific traffic that has been requested by the specific equipment, and decides through which of its ports it transmits the data.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for managing multicast traffic in a data network, and network equipment using said method. Hosts (1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c) receive from a network interface of a router (9) traffic sent by sources (12, 13) in a multicast group. The hosts and the router communicate with one another by means of a multicast host-router communications protocol by means of which the hosts send to the router messages to request multicast traffic from sources in a multicast group. The router (9) receiving one of said messages obtains in said message identifying data which identify the host that has sent said message, and said router (9) stores in specific records for each network interface of the router, host and multicast group information about the sources the traffic of which has been requested by said host in said messages sent to the router (9).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for distributing files, having the steps of receiving at least one digital file, transmitting the digital file to a location, and selecting at least one content provider. The process also has the steps of updating a content of the content provider to provide a reference to the digital file at the location, generating an updated digital file by adding information which identifies the content provider to the digital file when the reference to the digital file is selected at the content provider, and transmitting at least a portion of the at least one updated digital file to a client network.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to transmit over a data network, advertising content inserted in multimedia content associated with an event.

Abstract: In one implementation a computer system stores a software program that contains some instructions organized in blocks wherein each block contains a first part with instructions and a second part with an electronic signature or hash value, wherein the computer system includes a security component within the processor that allows the execution of instructions of the first part of a block of data only if the hash value of the data is correct.

Abstract: According to some implementations methods, apparatus and systems are provided involving the use of processors having at least one core with a security component, the security component adapted to read and verify data within data blocks stored in a L1 instruction cache memory and to allow the execution of data block instructions in the core only upon the instructions being verified by the use of a cryptographic algorithm.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of transmitting a file having an advertising portion and a requested portion different from the advertising portion. The method includes receiving a request to transmit the file, via a streaming protocol allowing non-sequential access, transmitting the advertising portion of the file, receiving a request to transmit a portion of the requested portion of the file prior to completing transmitting the advertising portion of the file, completing the transmission of the advertising portion of the file, and transmitting the requested portion of the file.

Abstract: Methods for transmitting packets using a Mobile IP protocol between a mobile node and a first node in a data network after the mobile node has transmitted data packets to the first node via a first router from a first CoA or CCoA address and by a first security association with the first node. One method includes the mobile node, sending to the first node via a second router using a second CoA or CCoA address, data packets that include an identifier of the mobile node that enables the first node to identify the mobile node as the sender of the data packets during an initial time period after transmission of the data packets via the second router has started, and during the initial time period, the mobile node authenticates the data packets it transmits to the first node using the first security association with the first node.

Abstract: A method of transmitting first content from a first host to a second host in a data network using a social network site in the data network, the first host identifiable by a first IP address. According to one implementation the method involves receiving in the social network site a first unicast message from the first host related to a transmission of the first content from the first host, the first unicast message including the first IP address and a multicast group address to be used in the transmission of the first content. Upon or after the social network site determining that a social relationship exists between the first host and the second host the social network site sends a second unicast message to the second host indicating that the first host has or will initiate a transmission of the first content.

Abstract: A method for lawfully intercepting communication IP packets exchanged between terminals is provided. The method involves assigning an IP address associated with a telecommunication service provider to, for example, a sending terminal for use as its IP address in communications with a receiving terminal, the telecommunication service provider providing SIP proxy services for establishing communication between the sending and receiving terminals. The communication IP packets are intercepted in such a way that the terminals are unaware of the interception.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for managing multicast traffic in a data network, and network equipment using said method. Hosts (1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c) receive from a network interface of a router (9) traffic sent by sources (12, 13) in a multicast group. The hosts and the router communicate with one another by means of a multicast host-router communications protocol by means of which the hosts send to the router messages to request multicast traffic from sources in a multicast group. The router (9) receiving one of said messages obtains in said message identifying data which identify the host that has sent said message, and said router (9) stores in specific records for each network interface of the router, host and multicast group information about the sources the traffic of which has been requested by said host in said messages sent to the router (9).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for managing multicast traffic in a data network, and network equipment using said method. Hosts (1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c) receive from a network interface of a router (9) traffic sent by sources (12, 13) in a multicast group. The hosts and the router communicate with one another by means of a multicast host-router communications protocol by means of which the hosts send to the router messages to request multicast traffic from sources in a multicast group. The router (9) receiving one of said messages obtains in said message identifying data which identify the host that has sent said message, and said router (9) stores in specific records for each network interface of the router, host and multicast group information about the sources the traffic of which has been requested by said host in said messages sent to the router (9).

Abstract: A method for filtering in a network interface of a computer system multicast packets in a manner that reduces or obviates altogether the processing of unwanted multicast packets by the processing unit of the computer system. Filtering in the network interface is accomplished by the network interface accessing multicast traffic request information originating in the computer system and comparing the accessed information with the multicast destination address and IP source address of packets received in the network interface.

Abstract: According to one implementation a method is provided that involves transmitting from a social network site to a television broadcasting site a stream of data for being broadcast to multiple end-user media devices and also transmitting via a unicast communication from the social network site non-broadcast content for the purposes of being incorporated, integrated or otherwise played in conjunction with the broadcast content in the end-user media devices.

Abstract: A method of selecting targeted advertising content. According to one implementation the method includes receiving in a social network site from a computing device of a member of the social network site identifying data of the member and also broadcast data related to broadcast content being played in the computing device. Upon accessing in the social network site member information, the social network site by use of the broadcast data and member information selects targeted advertising content for the purpose of facilitating a transmission of the targeted advertising content to the computing device for it to be played in conjunction with the broadcast content. In one implementation the method further involves the social network site accessing and sending the targeted advertising content to the computing device.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems are provided that enable a user of a computing device to alter, augment or replace broadcast transmitted content destined for or received in the computing device with on-line content from the internet. In some implementations an application program, purchasable or otherwise downloadable from the internet (e.g., from an application store), facilitates in the computing device the manipulation of broadcast transmitted content that changes the manner in which content from a broadcast transmission source (e.g., television or cable transmission sources) is presented by the computing device absent the intervention of the application program. In one implementation an application program downloaded from the internet to the computing device alters the presentation of broadcast transmitted content by substituting broadcast advertising with non-advertising content from the internet.

Abstract: A method for lawfully intercepting communication IP packets exchanged between terminals is provided. The method involves assigning an IP address associated with a telecommunication service provider to, for example, a sending terminal for use as its IP address in communications with a receiving terminal, the telecommunication service provider providing SIP proxy services for establishing communication between the sending and receiving terminals. The communication IP packets are intercepted in such a way that the terminals are unaware of the interception.

Abstract: A method for managing multicast traffic in a data network, and devices using said method. The hosts store for each multicast group an included source record and an excluded source record, and the network interfaces of the hosts send to the router a message containing information about the included source record and information about the excluded source record. The router also stores for each multicast group an included source record and an excluded source record, and updates them when it receives through its network interface a message from the hosts containing information about an included source list and/or information about an excluded source list. The devices are a router, host equipment and network equipment compatible with the method.

Abstract: In one implementation a process is provided that upon a server determining that the playing of all or part of an obligatory advertising portion is attempting to be avoided by a multimedia player, the server sends to the multimedia player a message with data storage medium control information for the purpose of inhibiting advertising-sponsored content stored in a data storage medium from being played by multimedia player.