Abstract: A vacuum blood collection tube (100) comprises a bottomed tube (101) composed of a low temperature resistant material that is less susceptible to low temperature fracture when cryopreserved at ultra-low temperature, a stopper (102) having a needle piercing portion (113) composed of a rubber material that can be pierced with a blood collection needle (110), and a cryopreservation cap (103) composed of the low temperature resistant material. Before blood collection, the stopper (102) is attached to the bottomed tube (101) to maintain the reduced pressure state inside the bottomed tube (101). Thus, blood collection by a vacuum blood collection method is possible. After blood collection, the cryopreservation cap (103) is attached to the bottomed tube (101), so that the liquid tight state of the bottomed tube (101) is maintained, and cryopreservation at ultra-low temperature as it is possible.