Abstract: A method for detecting apnea by sampling a voltage waveform representative of respiration at regular intervals and calculating the instantaneous voltage differences at alternate sample points, and comparing the magnitude of each difference voltage so calculated against a "threshold" value determined to be the minimum value consistent with normal respiration activity.

Abstract: Iontophoresis apparatus for applying local anesthetics to selected locations of animal bodies, particularly to the eardrum, comprises an electric circuit providing a source of direct current of constant and predetermined magnitude. Connected into the electric circuit are a first electrode adapted for placement in a quantity of ionized liquid anesthetic and a second electrode adapted for placement in contact with the body in a spaced location. A current adjustment circuit adjusts the current to selected values. Application of a constant current which may be progressively increased or diminished at the will of the operator provides effective iontophoretic action resulting in efficient anesthetization of the body area without adverse effects.