Abstract: Apparatus is provided for measuring the actual psychophysiological condition of a subject. The apparatus may be hand held and includes finger engaging sensor means, a keyboard and a display means. Various block elements are included for measuring skin conductance, actual mental condition and actual physical condition. An arithmetical and logical unit is associated with the conditioning blocks for determining respective weighted sums of measured results provided by the blocks.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring positions and displacements of portions of a human body, comprising a base plate and a belt or suction cup for detachably securing the base plate to a portion of a human body. A bifurcated holder is mounted on the base plate for rotation about a first axis, the bifurcated holder having a pair of arms, and a housing is pivotally carried between these arms for swinging movement about a second axis perpendicular to the first axis. A dip circle and a north-south-seeking compass are carried by this housing, the dip circle and compass being mounted on the housing for pivotal movement about a common third axis perpendicular to the second axis. The base plate has a scale thereon, and there is an indicator on the holder for indicating on the scale the degree of rotation of the holder relative to the base plate.

Abstract: Physiological loading device having a central pedal drive shaft 5 which drives via a freewheel a drum-shaped wheel 21 with inner gearing to which are advantageously coupled three follower gears. These drive, via gearing, an inner shaft 10 which is arranged around the drive shaft. The rotor of an electric rotational motor is arranged at the inner shaft, the rotor being surrounded by an armature 4 with poly-phase winding. The armature 4 is located between an inner and an outer housing part. The rotor windings are supplied with energizing current from sliding contacts, and the armature windings are connected to a braking unit.

Abstract: A device and process for examining the size of particles suspended in a liquid, in particular for determining the MCV of red blood cells, having a measurement aperture traversed by the suspension and two electrodes arranged in the region of the measurement aperture and connected to evaluation circuitry, each of which electrodes producing one pulse per particle passing therethrough, the amplitude of which pulse is a measure of the volume of the particle. A differential discriminator for the pulse amplitudes and a further discriminator are connected in front of the evaluation circuitry wherein the further discriminator permits the passage of only pulses whose duration is less than the duration of a pulse coming from a single particle which has a maximum amplitude determined by the differential discriminator.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for determining the characteristics of liquids and/or gases, in particular for determining the diverse parameters of blood. The equipment determines the ratio of the signals of the sensing element resp. of the signal converter at a double-light photometer and a reference, simultaneously performing constant or periodical testing, accordingly, the control of the whole measuring system can be ensured. Signal processing takes place by the expansion of series or cutoff point interpolating logarithm forming, by averaging; the system includes structural elements for performing adjustable error detection. The largest advantage of the circuit arrangement according to the invention lies in that the instabilities of the photometers of traditional construction may be eliminated, a higher measuring accuracy becomes possible, and by ensuring the testing possibilities, by performing a continuous self-control reliable measuring data are delivered.

Abstract: An X-ray system for patient diagnostic services in which the patients are X-rayed at several locations and picture amplifiers pick up the X-ray images and are associated with television cameras which transmit video signals both to a monitor at the X-ray location and to a video signal distributor which delivers signals from a selected camera to a central photographing unit. This unit has a further video monitor, an optical system and shutter and means for replaceably positioning films in the focal plane of these opticals. The exposed film is continuously developed.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for supplying high-power electric loads operated in a pulse-like manner, particularly to X-ray equipment.The apparatus makes use of the mechanical energy of rotation of a flywheel rotated through a time period which is substantially longer than the pulse duration of the load by a driving power being substantially smaller than the pulse power of the load to generate a supply voltage for the load in expense of this mechanical energy. The driving period of the flywheel and the associated moderate driving power provide an energy balance with the short pulses with high power consumption. The apparatus comprises a generator unit with at least one electric rotary machine which has a rotor that rotates together with the flywheel. The excitation of the rotary machine is provided by a field power supply being controlled by a control unit. The control unit controls the excitation of the generator unit to provide predetermined output voltage and current levels for the load.

Abstract: A between-lens shutter assembly for photographing devices comprising at least two, preferably three rotary plates with axes parallel to the axis of the lenses. Each plate comprises an opening. When the plates are rotated with common speed, the openings move from evenly distributed directions towards the inside opening of the lenses, completely uncover it, then in continued movement close the inside opening again. This way identical opening and closing characteristics and times are provided.In a method using the shutter assembly exposures are taken from television pictures, in which the length of the exposure period is adjusted to be equal to the period of a television picture and the duration of either an opening or closing section, whereby uniform illumination is ensured for the exposure.The invention can be used mainly for the precise photographing of X-ray pictures displayed on the screen of a television monitor.

Abstract: A film changer for X-ray equipment or the like comprises a storage cassette for a stack of unexposed films and a receiving cassette for exposed films on opposite sides of an illumination stage. The two cassettes have sidewalls with open-ended horizontal guide grooves bounded from above by ledges with beveled undersides and flat upper surfaces supporting the respective stacks, these grooves being aligned with other grooves in a guide track flanking the exposure position to define therewith a planar transport path for a film extracted from the storage cassette and inserted after exposure into the receiving cassette.

Abstract: An inverter for diagnostic X-ray equipment, comprising a thyristor bridge with an input diagonal connected in series with two commutating inductances across a DC power supply, is provided with a start-stop circuit which includes an ancillary thyristor connected in series with a diode and a current-limiting impedance across one of the bridge arms. On start-up, the ancillary thyristor is triggered simultaneously with the diagonally opposite bridge thyristor in order to connect the current-limiting impedance in series with the AC output diagonal of the bridge during the first half-period; for a quick cutoff, the ancillary thyristor and the associated bridge thyristor are turned on together whereby two previously charged quenching capacitors, one of them included in the start-stop circuit, are discharged through the commutating inductance in series with the associated bridge arm to terminate conduction in another bridge arm fed through the same commutating inductance.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for patient danger recognition and forecasting, particularly for the intensive medical care of the patient. The invention uses various variables to set up a danger function that represents the probability of occurrence of a danger condition, forms average values of the danger function throughout subsequent time periods that are shorter than the time required for a medical intervention, by comparing the formed average values with levels of increasing sequences of threshold values, providing an indication associated with the highest exceeded threshold value, using the average values to set up a regression function which approximates the sequence thereof, determining a subsequent extrapolated value of the function for the next time period that represents a forecast average value of the danger function, and indicating the extrapolated value provided it is higher than a predetermined level.

Abstract: Measuring arrangement for decreasing the emotional influence on instrumental diagnostical measurements, wherein the patient under test is encouraged to assume a rest condition by practicing the biological feed-back method, the operator observes the success of this activity on instruments, and the diagnostical measurements are performed when this instrumentally observed value falls within a predetermined domain that is characteristic of the rest condition. The arrangement comprises instruments for performing the diagnostical measurements, an EEG unit for providing biological feed-back, at least one further unit for conducting similar observations by biological feed-back on at least one of the temperature, pulse and skin conductivity of the patient, at least one operational mode switch, and an indicator unit to furnish information to both the patient and the operator about the value of the feed-back characteristic.

Abstract: The apparatus of the invention comprises means for examining the human eye for the onset of glaucoma. The eye undergoing examination forms one plate of a virtual capacitor the other plate of which is formed by a gas nozzle. The body of the person undergoing examination and the gas nozzle are connected to the input of a signal converter the output of which is sampled at a predetermined instant by a sampling and sample-holding means. A gas jet from the nozzle is directed at the eye and a sample made of the output of the signal converter. An indicator connected to the sampling and sample-holding means provides a measurement of the deformation at the surface of the eye caused by the dynamic pressure of the gas jet. Sampling may be carried out at moments determined by the systolic rhythm of the person being examined. Preferably samples are taken at the systolic and diastolic moments thereof, the samples being compared to give an indication of the dynamic performance of the eye.

Abstract: Divider for directing an X-ray light beam into two or three directions, which beam emerges from the screen of an X-ray image intensifier in diagnostic X-ray arrangements. The divider is disposed at 45.degree. with respect to the optical axis, and consists essentially of a slit mirror which has a non-transparent metallization with one or two non-metallized, transparent areas or gaps therein, these areas corresponding to the required divisional ratios, there being similarly non-transparent mirrors or reflecting prisms behind the gaps.

Abstract: Method for decreasing the emotional influence on instrumental diagnostical measurements, wherein the patient under test is encouraged to assume a rest condition by practicing the biological feed-back method, the operator observes the success of this activity on instruments, and the diagnostical measurements are performed when this instrumentally observed value falls within a predetermined domain that is characteristic of the rest condition. An exemplary arrangement for practicing the method comprises instruments for performing the diagnostical measurements, an EEG unit for providing biological feed-back, at least one further unit for conducting similar observations by biological feed-back on at least one of the temperature, pulse and skin conductivity of the patient, at least one operational mode switch, and an indicator unit to furnish information to both the patient and the operator about the value of the fed-back characteristic.

Abstract: The invention concerns a circuit for the determination of the concentration of any component of a liquid containing three different components having different optical properties, for the determination of the concentration sum of all components and of one other component, for the determination of the product and of the quotient which is formed by the third component, and for the calculation of the blood volume per minute of the heart. One or more light sources, a light sensing element, an optical filter and a lens are disposed in the circuit, and also power supply circuits and control circuits. To these are added a signal converting unit or a sensing system operating on three wavelengths other than the isobestic points or on a range containing these points, containing optical measurement channels, and measuring on the transmission or reflection principle.The signals delivered by the three-channel sensor or by the signal converter, as the case may be, are processed by logarithmatic circuits.

Abstract: A portable diagnostic device, particularly for medical field-examinations comprising a case-like housing in which replaceable electronic examining units are arranged serving for the examination of different physiological functions and/or conditions. The housing comprises an electronic power supply feeding each of the electronic examining units, a common display receiving the output signals of the examining units and electrical connectors providing electrical connections between the housing and each of the examining units. The inner room of the housing is divided into two separate parts, the first of which is arranged in a modular system and accommodates slide-in examining units, while the second part serves to accommodate the accessory means required for the examinations.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for the transmission of picture details through a video chain emphasizes blurred contours and is connected in series with a section serving for the transmission of video signals separated from the synchronized signals of the video chain. The circuit arrangement contains delay means having a tapping point, an adder, and a frequency-independent level control unit that connects the input of the delay means to the first input of the adder. The frequency-independent level control unit is connected between the tapping point and the second input of the adder, and the output of the delay means is connected to the third input of the adder. The first and third inputs of the adder belong to an operation having a common sign opposite to that of the second input, and its input is formed by the input point of the delay means. The output is formed by the output of the adder.

Abstract: In order to increase the cyclability life of rechargeable silver-zinc electric storage cells, the semi-permeable membrane separator between the silver and zinc electrodes comprises a laminate of plies of semi-permeable oriented cellophane foil bonded together with the electrolyte with some of the plies arranged cross-wise, as regards their direction of orientation, relative to another ply of the membrane. In a preferred embodiment a further single layer of cellophane is disposed between the silver electrode the absorbent paper layer which is normally positioned between the silver electrode and the membrane.