Abstract: A geosynthetic reinforcement comprising a container formed of semipermeable material mutually conformed with a portion of earthen material contained therein. A structural member such as a geogrid may engage (e.g. frictional) the container and extend therefrom to engage and support a structure such as a retaining wall, earthen slope, etc. Accordingly, the container may function as an anchor to the structure. Due to the containment provided by the container, the physical characteristics of the earthen material therewithin become less important. Thus, low quality fills such as fine-grained fill or fill with a high moisture content may be used in structural applications. If desired, more than one container and structural member may be incorporated. Containers may be stacked, positioned side-by-side, positioned end-to-end, etc. Structural members may be incorporated as needed to adequate support the structure. Drain layers may be incorporated to control moisture.

Abstract: A geosynthetic reinforcement comprising a container formed of semipermeable material mutually conformed with a portion of earthen material contained therein. A structural member such as a geogrid may engage (e.g. frictional) the container and extend therefrom to engage and support a structure such as a retaining wall, earthen slope, etc. Accordingly, the container may function as an anchor to the structure. Due to the containment provided by the container, the physical characteristics of the earthen material therewithin become less important. Thus, low quality fills such as fine-grained fill or fill with a high moisture content may be used in structural applications. If desired, more than one container and structural member may be incorporated. Containers may be stacked, positioned side-by-side, positioned end-to-end, etc. Structural members may be incorporated as needed to adequate support the structure. Drain layers may be incorporated to control moisture.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a combination of an antiviral nucleoside analog and a ribonucleotide reductase inhibiting peptide derivative. The combination is useful for treating herpes infections.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of the formula:R.sup.1 CH.sub.2 CH(X)CH(Y)CH(Z)CHR.sup.2 C(O)NHCHR.sup.3 CH(OH)CH(OH)R.sup.4wherein R.sup.1 is a terminal unit, for example lower cycloalkyl or phenyl; R.sup.2 is, for example, an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkylmethyl, benzyl, 4-imidazolylmethyl, 2-thienylmethyl or 4-thiazolylmethyl; R.sup.3 is alkyl, cycloalkylmethyl or an optionally substituted benzyl; R.sup.4 is alkyl or cycloalkyl; and X and Y each is hydroxy and Z is hydrogen, or X and Z each is hydroxy and Y is hydrogen; with the provisos that (a) the carbon atom bearing R.sup.2 has the "R" configuration except when R.sup.2 is 2-thienylmethyl or 2-thiazolylmethyl, X and Y each is hydroxy and Z is hydrogen, then the carbon atom bearing R.sup.2 has the "S" configuration; (b) the carbon atoms bearing R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each has the "S" configuration; and (c) the carbon atom located between the last-said two carbon atoms has the "R" configuration.

Abstract: A group of known naphthalene derivatives have been found to be useful for preventing or relieving herpes viral infections.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are peptide derivatives which inhibit the activity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease. The peptide derivatives can be represented by general formula R.sup.1 --R.sup.2 --Y--R.sup.3 --R.sup.4 wherein R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted 3-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl)carbonyl residue, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are amino acid or analogous amino acid residues (R.sup.3 may optionally be absent), Y is a non-peptide linking unit, e.g. statyl, and R.sup.4 is [--NR.sup.17 CH(R.sup.18)C(O)].sub.p --Z wherein R.sup.17 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.18 is an amino acid or analogous amino acid side chain, p is zero or 1 and Z is a terminal group (e.g. hydroxy or amino), or R.sup.4 is --NR.sup.17 CR.sup.18 (R.sup.21)CH.sub.2 --OH wherein R.sup.17 and R.sup.18 are as noted hereinabove and R.sup.21 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or hydroxy(lower)alkyl. The derivatives also inhibit renin activity.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are peptides of the formulaY--R.sup.1 --R.sup.2 --R.sup.3 --R.sup.4 --R.sup.5 --R.sup.6 --R.sup.7 --R.sup.8 --R.sup.9 --Zwherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.9 are designated amino acid residues; Y is hydrogen or lower alkanoyl, or Y is the hexapeptide radical W-lle-R.sup.10 -Ser-R.sup.11 -Val-R.sup.12 wherein W is hydrogen or lower alkanoyl and R.sup.10, R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are designated amino acid residues, or Y is a fragment of the hexapeptide radical wherein from one to five of the amino acid residues (i.e. Ile to Val) may be deleted serially from the amino terminus of the hexapeptide radical; and Z is hydroxy, amino, lower alkylamino or di(lower alkyl)amino. The peptides inhibit bacterial ribonucleotide reductase and are indicated for preventing or ameliorating bacterial infections.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cyclic peptide derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is absent or the tripeptide radical Thr.rarw.Gly.rarw.Ala, R.sup.1 is benzyl or benzyl monosubstituted at position 4 of the aromatic ring with halo, hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 each independently is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.3 is lower alkyl or lower alkyl monosubstituted with a hydroxy, R.sup.5 is lower alkyl, Y is oxo or thioxo and Z is hydroxy or NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 wherein R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each independently is hydrogen or lower alkyl. The derivatives are useful for treating herpes infections.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are peptide derivatives which inhibit the activities of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease and renin. The peptide derivatives can be represented by general formula R.sup.1 --R.sup.2 --Y--R.sup.3 --R.sup.4 wherein R.sup.1 is a derived amino acid based on an O.sup.4 -(carboxymethyl)-tyrosyl residue, R.sup.2 and are amino acid or analogous amino acid residues (R.sup.3 may optionally be absent), Y is a non-peptide linking unit, e.g. statyl, and R.sup.4 is [--NR.sup.17 CHR.sup.18 --C(O)].sub.p --Z wherein R.sup.17 is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.18 is an amino acid or analogous amino acid side chain, p is zero or one and Z is a terminal group (e.g. hydroxy or amino), or R.sup.4 is --NR.sup.17 CR.sup.18 (R.sup.21)CH.sub.2 OH wherein R.sup.17 and R.sup.18 are as noted hereinabove and R.sup.21 is hydrogen, lower alkyl or hydroxy(lower)alkyl. The derivatives are useful as agents for combatting HIV infections and for treating renin-associated hypertension and congestive heart failure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are derivatives of atrial natriuretic peptides which are characterized by having (at position 124 or at positions 106 and 124) a phenylalanyl residue bearing a fluoro or trifluoromethyl substituent on the aromatic portion thereof. Optionally, the exocyclic N-terminal peptide segment and the first cystienyl residue (at position 105) are replaced by an optionally substituted thioalkanoyl residue. The derivatives possess useful diuretic, natriuretic and antihypertensive activities.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are peptides of the formulaY--R.sup.1 --R.sup.2 --R.sup.3 --R.sup.4 --R.sup.5 --R.sup.6 --Zwherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are designated amino acid residues; R.sup.6 is Phe, homoPhe or an amino acid residue derived from 2-amino-3-cyclohexylpropionic acid, 2-amino-3-(4-(lower alkoxy)phenyl) propionic acid or 2-amino-3-(4-halophenyl)propionic acid; Y is Phe, desamino-Phe, (lower alkanoyl)-Phe, p-haloPhe, Tyr, desamino-Tyr or (lower alkanoyl)-Tyr, or Y is the decapeptide radical W--Val--R.sup.7 --Ser--R.sup.8 --R.sup.9 --Thr--Glu--R.sup.10 --Ser--Phe wherein W is hydrogen or lower alkanoyl and R.sup.7 to R.sup.10 are designated amino acids residues, or Y is a fragment of the decapeptide radical wherein from one to nine of the amino acid residues (i.e. Val to Ser) may be deleted serially from the amino terminus of the decapeptide radical; and Z is hydroxy, amino, lower alkylamino or di(lower alkyl)amino.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are derivatives of atrial natriuretic peptides wherein the exocyclic N-terminal peptide segment is deleted and the two cysteinyl residues (at positions 105 and 121) of the natural sequence are replaced with a trivalent unit, --NHCH(CO--)--Q--X--Y--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CO-- wherein Q is methylene, ethylene or CR'R" wherein R' and R" each independently is lower alkyl, X is oxy or thio, and Y is methylene or des-Y. The derivatives may be optionally substituted at various positions including positions 106, 107 and 124. The derivatives possess ANF-like activity and are indicated for treating hypertension and for treating pathological conditions resulting from an imbalance of body fluids and electrolytes.