Abstract: Compositions and methods for etching cobalt chromium alloys are disclosed. The compositions generally include at least two mineral acids, certain component metals of the alloy to be etched, and optionally iron (Fe). For example, when etching a cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy, the component metals may include chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and optionally, cobalt (Co). The at least two mineral acids may include hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), and hydrofluoric acid (HF). The methods provide for etching an entire surface of a substrate or etching a surface of a substrate in a pattern using selective coating patterns and/or coating removal. Thus, unlimited patterns, as well as etch depths and variations in etch depths are achievable using the compositions and methods disclosed. Moreover, the compositions and methods provide cobalt chrome surfaces having very low surface roughness (Ra) that are useful in the aerospace industry.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for etching cobalt chromium alloys are disclosed. The compositions generally include at least two mineral acids, certain component metals of the alloy to be etched, and optionally iron (Fe). For example, when etching a cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy, the metals may include chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and optionally, cobalt (Co). The at least two mineral acids may include hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), and hydrofluoric acid (HF). The methods provide for etching an entire surface of a substrate or etching a surface of a substrate in a pattern using selective coating patterns and/or coating removal. Thus, unlimited patterns, as well as etch depths and variations in etch depths are achievable using the compositions and methods disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for etching an implantable device having a cobalt chrome surface are disclosed. The compositions generally include at least two mineral acids, iron (Fe), and certain component metals of the cobalt chrome to be etched. For example, when etching a cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy, the metals may include chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and optionally, cobalt (Co). The at least two mineral acids may include hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), and hydrofluoric acid (HF). Alternatively, the composition may be an electrolyte composition useful for electrochemical etching of the implantable device. These compositions and methods may generate nanoscale geometry on the surface of the implantable device to provide implants with improved osseointegration, biocompatibility, and healing after surgery.

Abstract: A method for producing a cyanide including the steps of supplying a hydrocarbon and nitrogen source to an onsite plasma reactor and removing cyanide synthesised inside the onsite plasma reactor to thereby produce the cyanide is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method which includes a monitor for monitoring the cyanide requirement of an onsite cyanide utilising system and supplying the hydrocarbon and nitrogen source in accordance with the cyanide requirement. Additionally, a method for recovering, refining, purifying or treating a metal including the steps of monitoring a cyanide requirement of the method and supplying to the method in a just in time sequence a cyanide synthesised onsite to thereby recover, refine, purify or treat the metal is disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for etching a surface of an implantable device are disclosed. The compositions generally include one or more alkali components, such as a metal hydroxide and an amine, one or more chelating agents, and optionally iron (Fe) and/or certain component metals of the metal or alloy to be etched. For example, when etching a titanium device, the metals may include titanium (Ti). Alternatively, the composition may be an electrolyte composition useful for electrochemical etching of the implantable device. These compositions and methods may generate nanoscale geometry on the surface of the implantable device to provide implants with accelerate osseointegration and healing after surgery.

Abstract: A radio communication repeater for operating in a Time Division Multiple Access radio communication system with a plurality of time slots to transmit packets. The repeater includes a transmitter to transmit a plurality of the packets in a transmit time slot assigned to that repeater and a receiver to receive a plurality of the packets from all other time slots of the TDMA radio communication system other than the transmit time slot assigned to that repeater. The repeater also includes a controller to process the received packets from all other time slots of the TDMA radio communication system other than the transmit time slot assigned to that repeater and, if the received packets have different recipient identifiers, to forward the received packets for transmission by the transmitter in the transmit time slot assigned to that repeater as a frame comprising a plurality of packets having different recipient identifiers.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for etching cobalt chromium alloys are disclosed. The compositions generally include at least two mineral acids, certain component metals of the alloy to be etched, and optionally iron (Fe). For example, when etching a cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy, the metals may include chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and optionally, cobalt (Co). The at least two mineral acids may include hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), and hydrofluoric acid (HF). The methods provide for etching an entire surface of a substrate or etching a surface of a substrate in a pattern using selective coating patterns and/or coating removal. Thus, unlimited patterns, as well as etch depths and variations in etch depths are achievable using the compositions and methods disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for etching complex patterns on an interior surface of a hollow object are disclosed. A method generally includes positioning a laser system within the hollow object with a focal point of the laser focused on the interior surface, and operating the laser system to form the complex pattern on the interior surface. Motion of the laser system and the hollow object is controlled by a motion control system configured to provide rotation and/or translation about a longitudinal axis of one or both of the hollow object and the laser system based on the complex pattern, and change a positional relationship between a reflector and a focusing lens of the laser system to accommodate a change in distance between the reflector and the interior surface of the hollow object.

Abstract: Cover for a swimming pool or whirlpool bath, whereby the cover includes a rollup screen whereby the screen has two side edges and whereby the screen has a first edge perpendicular to the side edges and a second edge perpendicular to the side edges, whereby the cover includes a rollup shaft, whereby the first edge of the screen is connected to the rollup shaft and whereby the screen can be rolled up and rolled out on the rollup shaft, whereby the rollup shaft is horizontally movable so that the screen can be rolled out while the second edge is in a fixed position and whereby the cover is provided with a unit to exert a rotational force on the rollup shaft to thereby roll up the screen.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of promoting remyelination in a subject suffering from demyelination diseases by administering to the subject a combination of steroid hormones and Hedgehog signaling pathway modulators. Also described are methods of administering the combination of drugs, wherein the combination of drugs are in compositions adapted for nasal administration.

Abstract: An immersion probe with a variable connection length is configured to compensate for longitudinal and/or radial length variations in an immersion sublance connected to the immersion probe. The immersion probe is characterized by an adjustable portion that changes length upon engagement with a coupling end of an immersion sublance. The immersion probe can have a sensor head. An immersion assembly of the immersion probe connected to an immersion sublance can be used to take measurements or samples of molten metal in a converter furnace.

Abstract: A radio communication repeater for operating in a Time Division Multiple Access radio communication system with a plurality of time slots to transmit packets. The repeater includes a transmitter to transmit a plurality of the packets in a transmit time slot assigned to that repeater and a receiver to receive a plurality of the packets from all other time slots of the TDMA radio communication system other than the transmit time slot assigned to that repeater. The repeater also includes a controller to process the received packets from all other time slots of the TDMA radio communication system other than the transmit time slot assigned to that repeater and, if the received packets have different recipient identifiers, to forward the received packets for transmission by the transmitter in the transmit time slot assigned to that repeater as a frame comprising a plurality of packets having different recipient identifiers.

Abstract: Methods and devices for etching patterns on interior surfaces of hollow objects are described. The method may include preparation of the interior surface of the object, such as pre-cleaning, and coating the interior surface of the object. A pattern may then be generated on the interior surface of the object by any of mechanical or manual scribing and peeling, laser ablation, or photoresist coating and laser exposure, development and hardening. The pattern is then etched using chemical etchants, and finished to remove remaining coating, provide surface passivation and/or protectant application. Mechanical and laser devices which may facilitate pattern generation are also described.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising one or more pairs of analyzers measures light absorbing particulates, including black, brown, and ultraviolet light absorbing organic aerosols, suspended in gaseous samples, such as air. One analyzer receives an ambient gas sample, while the other analyzer is coupled to a dilution inlet that mixes ambient gas with a proportion of clean gas, whereby the two received samples have different particulate concentrations. Filters with identical filter areas accumulate particulates as the respective samples flow through with equal flow rate and velocity. An optical source and detector for each filter measures a changing property (e.g. attenuation at one or more wavelengths) as particulates accumulate. A computer uses the differential particulate accumulation from the ambient and diluted samples to compensate for filter loading effects upon the measurement to provide an accurate indication of particulate concentration in the ambient sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to method for predicting location and depth of abnormal tissue in breast tissue by prediction system. The prediction system predicts location based on 2D thermal image generated based on temperature values and intermediate temperature values. The intermediate temperature values are estimated using triangular and rectangular patterns formed on pre-defined model of breast, thermal conductivity of breast tissue, 2D coordinates on one of triangular and rectangular patterns and temperature values at steady state of breast tissue. The depth is predicted based on 3D thermal image of breast tissue generated using temperature values and intermediate temperature values and error parameter.

Abstract: A sequential air sampler is provided having a rotatable carrier adapted to support filter cassettes received from a supply magazine at a load station, transport them to a sampling station where gas flow is directed through that cassette, and then be transported to an unload station to be received by a storage magazine. A Geneva driver operated by a single motor provides intermittent rotation to the carrier between fixed positions. A cam rotates in concert with the Geneva driver so that a follower in reciprocating motion pushes up and then pulls down a pair of plungers for simultaneous cassette loading and unloading whenever the carrier is at one of its fixed positions. Magazines have magnetically actuated stoppers to keep the stack of cassettes in place until released. Magazines may also have a retaining lid with a position-adjustable piston to secure cassettes for transport.

Abstract: Systems and methods for etching complex patterns on an interior surface of a hollow object are disclosed. A method generally includes positioning a laser system within the hollow object with a focal point of the laser focused on the interior surface, and operating the laser system to form the complex pattern on the interior surface. Motion of the laser system and the hollow object is controlled by a motion control system configured to provide rotation and/or translation about a longitudinal axis of one or both of the hollow object and the laser system based on the complex pattern, and change a positional relationship between a reflector and a focusing lens of the laser system to accommodate a change in distance between the reflector and the interior surface of the hollow object.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising one or more pairs of analyzers measures light absorbing particulates, including black, brown, and ultraviolet light absorbing organic aerosols, suspended in gaseous samples, such as air. One analyzer receives an ambient gas sample, while the other analyzer is coupled to a dilution inlet that mixes ambient gas with a proportion of clean gas, whereby the two received samples have different particulate concentrations. Filters with identical filter areas accumulate particulates as the respective samples flow through with equal flow rate and velocity. An optical source and detector for each filter measures a changing property (e.g. attenuation at one or more wavelengths) as particulates accumulate. A computer uses the differential particulate accumulation from the ambient and diluted samples to compensate for filter loading effects upon the measurement to provide an accurate indication of particulate concentration in the ambient sample.

Abstract: Partition system for assembling a partition (3) such as a wall, that is composed of wooden beams (4) with two side faces (8,9) opposite one another extending in the longitudinal direction that determine the width of the beam (4) and with which the beams (4) can be assembled adjacent to one another, wherein connecting pieces (5) are provided to be fitted between adjacent beams (4) in order to keep the beams (4) from one another with a certain clearance (S) in the assembled state and that the connecting pieces (5) are kept at a fixed or practically fixed distance from one another by spacers (6).