Abstract: A filter for use in safety air bags as employed in vehicles and the like comprises one or more compressed grooved wires, wherein the wire or wires have an outer diameter of about 0.010 to 0.050 inches and the grooves have a depth in the range of 0.001 to about 0.005 inches. A plurality of grooves, preferable about 10-14, of about 0.018 diameter stainless steel wire, having a depth of about 0.001 inches to about 0.0025 inches, are equally spaced about the periphery of the wire, which is cylindrical. The pitch of the groove spacing may differ for different implementations. The wire outer surface between grooves may have a radius, preferably about 0.0025 inches in a wire of about 0.018 inches diameter. A stainless steel wire is preferred, but other wire metals may be used according to a given implementation.

Abstract: A filter for use in safety air bags as employed in vehicles and the like comprises compressed corrugated wire wherein the corrugations are formed as a periodic sequence of substantially identical first sinusoidal waves coplanar in one orientation of a first given amplitude and pitch and a periodic sequence of substantially identical second sinusoidal waves of a second amplitude and pitch different than the first given amplitude and pitch oriented orthogonal to the plane of the first waves to form a wire with complex three dimensional waves. The wires so formed are wrapped about a mandrel in multiple layers and the ring so formed distorted into an oval shape that is inserted into a filter forming die. A plunger then is forced under high pressure into the die to form the compressed wire filter. The layers of undulations of the wire interlock to preclude separation of the compressed layers during deployment of an air bag.

Abstract: Each of two exhaust pipes has a flared flange with the flange on one pipe spaced from the pipe's end edge forming a corner with the pipe's end segment. A triangular seal between the two flanges abuts the pipe segment and corner. One flange has an outer convex spherical surface and a concave inner spherical surface which engages the outer convex spherical surface of the seal at a contact point. Two depending conical legs of a U shaped in section band clamp engage and force the flanges and pipe corner and end segment against the seal. A clamp leg engages the outer convex spherical surface of the one flange at a tangential contact point. The one clamp leg, the one flange and the seal exhibit two tangential respective contact points defining a plane normal to that flange providing enhanced stress concentration on the seal and flanges.

Abstract: First and second exhaust system pipes in one of several embodiments are joined in a fixed fluid tight joint comprising a first flared flange on a first pipe and a flared flange portion on a second pipe. The flange portion is part of a second flange on the second pipe spaced from the second pipe end edge forming a pipe segment forming a corner with the second flange. A seal is between the two flanges abutting the second pipe segment. The first flange has a convex spherical outer surface and a concave inner spherical surface engaged with a first outer convex spherical surface portion of the seal, the radius of the flange inner surface is larger than the radius of the seal first outer surface portion forming a first tangential engaged contact point. A band clamp has two depending legs which respectively engage the first flared flange of the first pipe and the second pipe flared flange portion for forcing the flanges and pipes together and against the seal.

Abstract: A tubular sound/heat insulating tubular structure which may serve as a muffler packing for internal combustion engine exhaust mufflers comprises in one embodiment an inner layer of solely stainless steel wire mesh formed into a continuous length tube. An intermediate structure in that embodiment comprises a flattened tubular structure which is wrapped into two overlying layers of coknitted basalt or other continuous length non-metallic fibers and preferably stainless steel wire. The flattened juxtaposed layers are wrapped about the inner layer at least once by feeding both structures through a cone and forming at least two or more layers of coknitted wire mesh and basalt fibers. In this embodiment, an outer layer of solely stainless steel wire mesh is then knitted about the overlying concentric tubular structures fed from the cone into and through a knitting machine.