Abstract: A parallel guide of a force transmission device has movable and fixed parallel legs, and first and second parallel guiding elements. Thin-point flexional bearings connect the parallel legs to the parallel guiding elements. The movable parallel leg is guided by the parallel guiding element on the fixed parallel leg. A force transmission lever, arranged on the fixed parallel leg, has a lever bearing, and a first lever arm. The force transmission lever is pivotably mounted on the lever bearing and the first lever arm is connected to the movable parallel leg to transmit force. The force-transmitting connection is produced by a coupling element having at least one further thin-point flexional bearing, with at least one functional region of the force transmission device being formed monolithically. A functional region associates at least one bearing point with at least one of the parallel legs, the force transmission lever, and the coupling element.

Abstract: A strain gauge (12, 21A, 21B, 25A, 25B, 31, 35, 41, 45) and method of manufacturing a strain gauge (12, 21A, 21B, 25A, 25B, 31, 41, 35, 45) against moisture penetration comprises or includes the step of producing a coated base or cover layer (14, 34, 44) by forming a moisture barrier coating (17) on the surface the latter.

Abstract: A method is provided for optimizing the time required for a scale to weigh a set of ingredients. A weighing tolerance is obtained for each ingredient in the set. Based on the weighing tolerance, a readability parameter is determined for each ingredient. Based on the determined readability parameter, the scale is configured before each ingredient is weighed.

Abstract: A verification of a pipette results in a release or a warning message. A liquid measuring container (110) receives the pipette liquid volume (VP) to be verified. A loading cell (120) is connected to the liquid measuring container in a force-transmitting manner. The loading cell outputs a measurement signal (ms) corresponding to the weight force (FG) acting thereon. A processing unit (130) detects and processes the measurement signal (ms), determines a first weight force (Gt1) at time point (t1) and determines a second weight force (Gt2) at time point (t2). The pipette liquid volume is calculated and the calculated value is assigned to a pipette volume class (Ki) having a defined class nominal value (VKi). The processing unit tests whether or not an absolute value of the volume difference (?V) is within a predetermined tolerance value (T) for the assigned pipette volume class. The processing unit outputs the test result.

Abstract: Measurement unit for an ion-sensitive solid-state electrode, that serves to measure pH in a measurement solution, with a layered structure including an ion-sensitive glass layer with a first ring-shaped contact surface, an electrically conducting layer that directly or via at least one intermediate layer adheres to the ion-sensitive glass layer, and a substrate that adheres to the electrically conducting layer and is provided with a second ring-shaped contact surface; and with a holding member that is provided with a first ring-shaped sealing surface, a second ring-shaped sealing surface, and an annular section; wherein the first ring-shaped sealing surface is sealingly connected to the first ring-shaped contact surface, wherein the second ring-shaped sealing surface is connected to the second ring-shaped contact surface of the substrate, and wherein the first and second ring-shaped sealing surfaces of the holding member are sealingly connected by the annular section.

Abstract: A measuring element is disclosed for an ion-sensitive solid-contact electrode for measuring ion activity in a measurement medium. An ion-sensitive solid-contact electrode having such a measuring element and an electrochemical sensor having such a solid-contact electrode are also disclosed. The measuring element can include an ion-sensitive layer arranged to contact a measurement medium when in operation, and conductive to lithium ions; and a single-phase electrically conductive layer, which includes metallic lithium or a lithium-(0)-alloy. A solid-state electrolyte layer can be arranged between the ion-sensitive layer and the electrically conductive layer.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor for potentiometric measurements in a measurement medium has a sensor head (201) at an end of a longitudinal sensor body (203). A sensing electrode (210) and a reference electrode (220) are disposed within the longitudinal sensor body. A liquid junction (223) is established between the reference electrode and the sensing electrode. The sensor is characterized by a protective outer shaft (250) into which a polymeric tube-like structure (230) is disposed, electrically isolating the protective outer shaft from a reference electrolyte.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates an interface unit having an input for receiving an input voltage from an electrochemical measuring probe; a first transistor; a first operational amplifier; a second transistor; and a second operational amplifier. The first operational amplifier is arranged to provide a variable tension to a first source terminal of the first transistor, in accordance with a comparison between a reference voltage and a second resistor voltage, in order to control an operating point of the first transistor.

Abstract: A drive device (125) is adapted for use in combination with a weighing balance (100). The drive device has a receiving unit (130), an insertion unit (U) and a locking unit (140). The receiving unit is configured to receive the insertion unit. The locking unit is movable between a locking position, in which the insertion unit is constrained from movement, and an unlocking position, in which the movement is not constrained. The locking unit is coupled to the receiving unit in a biasing manner to predispose the locking unit into the locking position. The locking unit is slidably engaged with the receiving unit to allow the locking unit to slide relative to the receiving unit when an external force is applied to move the locking unit into the unlocking position.

Abstract: A windshield structure (30) is provided for a weighing balance (100) having a base body (48), a floor (46), and a load receiving arrangement (11). The base body and the floor, which is attached to the base body, are positioned horizontal to the ground surface. The load receiving arrangement has a load receiver, with the windshield structure arranged below the load receiver. The windshield structure has a central portion and a circumferential portion that surrounds the central portion. The central portion also has a topological surface with a plurality of alternating hills (32) and valleys (31) which aid in regulating airflow below the load receiver.

Abstract: A protective device is disclosed for electrochemical electrodes having a liquid junction, and a transport and retention system therefor. The protective device can include a casing which is configured as a hollow cylinder and which has a inner circumferential first protrusion; a delimiting device which together with the first protrusion delimits a first casing segment having a first inner diameter; a spacer, which is configured as a hollow cylinder having an outer diameter corresponding to the first inner diameter; and a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring between which the spacer is disposed; wherein the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the spacer are disposed in an interior of the first casing segment, so that the first sealing ring and the second seal ring delimit a first protection space for a liquid junction whose inner diameter corresponds to an inner diameter of the spacer.

Abstract: A measuring element is disclosed for an ion-sensitive solid-contact electrode for measuring ion activity in a measurement medium. An ion-sensitive solid-contact electrode having such a measuring element and an electrochemical sensor having such a solid-contact electrode are also disclosed. The measuring element can include an ion-sensitive layer arranged to contact a measurement medium when in operation, and conductive to lithium ions; and a single-phase electrically conductive layer, which includes metallic lithium or a lithium-(0)-alloy. A solid-state electrolyte layer can be arranged between the ion-sensitive layer and the electrically conductive layer.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor (1, 101) has a sensor element (15, 115) with a measuring surface (8, 108) that faces a measuring medium (5) during use. The sensor element has a planar measuring element (2, 102). A sensor shaft (4, 104) has an aperture (13, 113) with a bezel (11, 111) at an end which, during use, faces the measuring medium. The sensor element is installed in the area of the aperture. The electrochemical sensor also has an annular sealing element (9, 109), which is arranged between the sensor element and the bezel. An insulator element (10, 110) is firmly and inseparably connected to the measuring element, exposing or recessing the measuring surface. Thus, the sealing element, which protects the electrochemical sensor against the ingress of measuring medium, is arranged sealingly between the insulator element and the bezel.

Abstract: A gas measurement system as disclosed can include a coherent light source, which emits a light beam; a detector; a beam path formed between the light source) and the detector; and a gas cell arranged in the beam path such that the detector receives light transmitted through the gas cell. The gas cell can include a porous ceramic and have an optical path length which is a multiple of the actual layer thickness of the gas cell. A optical element can be arranged in the beam path between the light source and the gas cell with the light beam emitted by the light being widened and unfocussed as the light beam enters the gas cell.

Abstract: A measuring element is disclosed for an ion-sensitive solid-contact electrode for measuring ion activity in a measurement medium. An ion-sensitive solid-contact electrode having such a measuring element and an electrochemical sensor having such a solid-contact electrode are also disclosed. The measuring element can include an ion-sensitive layer arranged to contact a measurement medium when in operation, and conductive to lithium ions; and a single-phase electrically conductive layer, which includes metallic lithium or a lithium-(0)-alloy. A solid-state electrolyte layer can be arranged between the ion-sensitive layer and the electrically conductive layer.

Abstract: An optical arrangement has a light source, which emits a light beam along a first optical axis. A first reflector is provided, and a second reflector reflects light reflected by the first reflector. The first reflector has a transverse offset from the first optical axis to reflect light along a second optical axis which has a parallel offset of two times the transverse offset of the first optical axis. The second reflector reflects the light beam back to the first reflector along a third optical axis having a parallel offset with a fixed amount in a fixed transverse direction in relation to the second optical axis. The light beam is reflected by the first reflector along a fourth optical axis which has a parallel offset in relation to the first optical axis with a fixed amount counter to the fixed transverse direction.

Abstract: A calibration weight assembly (100, 200, 300, 400, 500) has at least one calibration weight (150, 550, 750) and a transfer mechanism, and is used with a gravimetric force-measuring device (110, 210, 310, 410, 510) having a fixed region (111, 211, 311, 411, 511), a load-receiving region (112, 212, 312, 412, 512), and a measuring sensor (140, 540). The transfer mechanism has at least one poly-stable positioning element (561, 571), a first stable state of which defines a calibration position (KP) and a second stable state of which defines a resting position (RP) of the transfer mechanism. The at least one calibration weight can be coupled with the load-receiving region. The transfer mechanism, as actuated by the measuring sensor, transfers the at least one calibration weight from the calibration position to the resting position, or vice versa.

Abstract: An electromagnetic force-compensation direct measuring system (100) has a load receiver (101), which is connected to a force-compensation device (120) via a power-transmission linkage. The system has a multipart parallel guide mechanism, which has at least two parallel-guiding members (131, 132) spaced apart by the power-transmission linkage. The force-compensation device has at least one permanent magnet (121) and a coil (122) electrically connected to a controllable electrical circuit. At least one parallel-guiding member is electrically integrated in the controllable electrical circuit. The power-transmission linkage is designed as a single-part coil body (110) such that the coil is arranged on the coil body between the parallel-guiding members and is electrically connected to the controllable electrical circuit.

Abstract: An electrochemical sensor for potentiometric measurements in a measurement medium has a sensor head (201) at an end of a longitudinal sensor body (203). A sensing electrode (210) and a reference electrode (220) are disposed within the longitudinal sensor body. A liquid junction (223) is established between the reference electrode and the sensing electrode. The sensor is characterized by a protective outer shaft (250) with a polymeric sensor sleeve (230), which is electrically isolating, disposed within the protective outer shaft.