Abstract: A probabilistic framework for compiler optimization with multithread power-gating controls includes scheduling all thread fragments of a multithread computer code with the estimated execution time, logging all time stamps of events, and sorting and unifying the logged time stamps. Time slices are constructed using adjacent time stamps of each thread fragment. A power-gating time having a component turned off for each time slice is determined. Power-gateable windows that reduce energy consumption of the time slice is determined according to the power-gating time. The compiler inserts predicated power-gating instructions at locations corresponding to the selected power-gateable windows into the power-gateable computer code.