Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method of evaluating effects of probiotic supplementation on performance and Salmonella load in broilers challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, said probiotic containing Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and a cellulose carrier.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of administering a probiotic composition including Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Pediococcus acidilactici to dogs to decrease endotoxemia and improve the digestive process, and related methods.

Abstract: A spore-based probiotic composition is provided that comprises at least one viable probiotic microorganism having a biological or therapeutic effect on microbiome in humans. One exemplary composition contains five different strains of Bacillus spp. Also provided are methods of producing spore-based probiotic compositions. A validated in vitro gut model which is a simulated human intestinal microbial ecosystem reactor was used to assess the long-term effect of the composition on microbial metabolic activity and community composition. The results support use of the composition in protecting against obesity-related disorders, metabolic disorders, inflammation, and cancer, for example. A method for modulating microbial metabolic activity and/or modulating microbial community composition in a human subject is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of modulating dermal and sub-dermal properties of a subject. The present invention relates to methods comprising administering to a subject a spore-based probiotic composition.