Abstract: A scanning beam transmit antenna system includes a source of electromagnetic energy, radiating elements and a feed network connecting the source to the radiating elements. A beam steerer controls the phase of the electromagnetic energy at each of the radiating elements. Power dividers route the electromagnetic energy to each of the radiating elements, and switches control the flow of the electromagnetic energy among the power dividers. The beam steerer changes the phases of the energy emitted by the radiating elements as a function of time to cause sequentially a motion of the scanning beam in the "TO" direction and a motion of the scanning beam in the "FRO" direction, and the switches modify the flow of the electromagnetic energy through the power dividers to and among the radiating elements on one half of the linear array during the "TO" motion of the scanning beam and to the radiating elements on the other half of the linear array during the "FRO" motion of the scanning beam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reflection diode phase shifter that achieves amplitude equality between phase shifts of incident energy. Amplitude equality is achieved by placing a resistor R to ground in parallel with the transmission lines connecting a four-port coupler to symmetric reflection terminators having an impedance that is varied by a diode. The resistor is placed at a point on the transmission line having the lowest voltage when the greatest power loss is realized by the phase shifter.