Abstract: An understanding model is trained to account for human perception of the perceived relative importance of different tagged items (e.g. slot/intent/domain). Instead of treating each tagged item as equally important, human perception is used to adjust the training of the understanding model by associating a perceived weight with each of the different predicted items. The relative perceptual importance of the different items may be modeled using different methods (e.g. as a simple weight vector, a model trained using features (lexical, knowledge, slot type, . . . ), and the like). The perceptual weight vector and/or or model are incorporated into the understanding model training process where items that are perceptually more important are weighted more heavily as compared to the items that are determined by human perception as less important.