Abstract: In some embodiments, a system is provided, comprising enforcement hardware configured to execute, at run time, a state machine in parallel with application code. Executing the state machine may include: maintaining metadata that corresponds to one or more state variables of the state machine; matching instructions in the application code to transitions in the state machine; and, in response to determining that an instruction in the application code does not match any transition from a current state of the state machine, causing an error handling routine to be executed. In some embodiments, a description of a state machine may be translated into at least one policy to be enforced at run time based on metadata labels associated with application code and/or data manipulated by the application code.

Abstract: A micro-relay switch array may comprise an array of micro-relays disposed on a substrate, and a cap disposed over the array of micro-relays, thereby encapsulating the array of micro-relays. The micro-relay switch array may further comprise an array of through-substrate vias (TSVs) associated with the array of micro-relays, arranged such that columns of TSVs alternate with columns of micro-relays, and a plurality of device electrical conductors, each of which electrically couples one of the TSVs of the array of TSVs directly to at least two of the micro-relays. The micro-relay switch array may further comprise a plurality of TSV electrical conductors, each of which electrically couples at least two TSVs together. Each micro-relay of the array of micro-relays may be a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) switch. The substrate and cap may be glass, and the TSVs may be through-glass vias.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to compact packaging for optical MEMS devices, such as one- and two-dimensional light scanners. An embodiment in accordance with the present disclosure includes a housing having a chamber for holding a light source and a MEMS scanner. The MEMS scanner receives light from the light source via an optical element disposed on a cover of the housing and steers an output signal along a propagation direction through the cover while steering the output signal in at least one dimension.

Abstract: Systems and methods for caching metadata. In some embodiments, in response to an access request comprising an application memory address, it may be determined whether the application memory address matches an entry of at least one cache. In response to determining that the application memory address does not match any entry of the at least one cache: the application memory address may be used to retrieve application data; the application memory address may be mapped to at least one metadata memory address; and the at least one metadata memory address may be used to retrieve metadata corresponding to the application memory address. An entry in the at least one cache may be created, wherein: the entry is indexed by the application memory address; and the entry stores both the application data retrieved using the application memory address, and the corresponding metadata retrieved using the at least one metadata memory address.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are vibratory gyroscopes comprising hollow shell resonators and methods of fabricating thereof. Specifically, a vibratory gyroscope comprises a support substrate comprising a substrate primary surface and a resonator support surface, substantially perpendicular to the substrate primary surface. The gyroscope also comprises a hollow shell resonator comprising a resonator inner surface and a resonator outer surface such that the resonator inner surface defines a recessed region with a recessed region opening facing the substrate primary surface. At least one of the inner or outer resonator surfaces is attached to the resonator support surface of the support substrate adjacent to the inner edge surface of the resonator. The inner edge surface can be formed by a hollow stem with or without opening through this surface. Furthermore, the resonator support surface can be a continuous cylindrical surface or a segmented surface.

Abstract: A color depth integration method, a receiver, and a light detection and ranging apparatus thereof are disclosed to integrate image capturing with 3D depth measuring efficiently. A receiver includes at least one detector macro-cell, each of which includes a first detector configured to capture reflected light and a second detector configured to capture first external light. The first detector and the second detector are arranged in an array to constitute one detector macro-cell. The reflected light represents light emitted from a transmitter and reflected by at least one object. A frequency range of the first external light and a frequency range of the reflected light is non-overlapping or at least partially non-overlapping.

Abstract: Systems and methods for caching metadata. In some embodiments, in response to an access request comprising an application memory address, it may be determined whether the application memory address matches an entry of at least one cache. In response to determining that the application memory address does not match any entry of the at least one cache: the application memory address may be used to retrieve application data; the application memory address may be mapped to at least one metadata memory address; and the at least one metadata memory address may be used to retrieve metadata corresponding to the application memory address. An entry in the at least one cache may be created, wherein: the entry is indexed by the application memory address; and the entry stores both the application data retrieved using the application memory address, and the corresponding metadata retrieved using the at least one metadata memory address.

Abstract: Systems and methods for updating metadata. In some embodiments, in response to detecting an instruction executed by a hardware system, a source location of the instruction may be identified. First metadata associated with the instruction may be used to determine whether the instruction is allowed. In response to determining that the instruction is allowed, the source location of the instruction may be associated with second metadata.

Abstract: According to at least one aspect, a hardware system include a host processor, a policy engine, and an interlock is provided. These components can interoperate to enforce security policies. The host processor can execute an instruction and provide instruction information to the policy engine and the result of the executed instruction to the interlock. The policy engine can determine whether the executed instruction is allowable according to one or more security policies using the instruction information. The interlock can buffer the result of the executed instruction until an indication is received from the policy engine that the instruction was allowable. The interlock can then release the result of the executed instruction. The policy engine can be configured to transform instructions received from the host processor or add inserted instructions to the policy evaluation pipeline to increase the flexibility of the policy engine and enable enforcement of the security policies.

Abstract: A system including at least one processor programmed to identify, based on a policy to be enforced, one or more metadata symbols corresponding to an entity name; identify, from a target description describing a target system, an entity description matching the entity name, wherein the entity description describes an entity of the target system; and apply a metadata label to the entity of the target system, wherein the metadata label is based on the one or more metadata symbols corresponding to the entity name, as identified based on the policy.

Abstract: Systems and methods for monitoring the instantaneous position of a scanning element of a light scanner via an optical-feedback signal are disclosed, where the optical-feedback signal is a portion of a light signal being steered in a two-dimensional pattern by the light scanner. The optical-feedback signal is detected by a position monitor that provides a commensurate feedback signal. In some embodiments, the feedback signal is used to develop a transfer function for the light scanner via a calibration routine. In some embodiments, the feedback signal is used in a closed-loop driving scheme used to drive the light scanner. Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure are particularly well suited for use in object tracking systems, such as eye trackers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a micro-speaker device. The device has a movable diaphragm device comprising a thickness of material which has a first surface and a second surface opposite of the first surface. In an example, the device has a shaft device having a first end and a second end, where the first end coupled to the second surface. In an example, the device has an actuator device coupled to the second end and configured to drive the shaft device in a piston action to pull and push the movable diaphragm. The device has a housing enclosing the movable diaphragm device, the shaft device, and the actuator device. The device has a vented enclosure opposite of the movable diaphragm to allow air to move in and out of the one or more vent openings to generate a sound pressure signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for compartmentalization. In some embodiments, in response to receiving a compartment update request, a target compartment of a compartment transition triggering the compartment update request may be determined, and a compartment configuration corresponding to the target compartment may be loaded, wherein the compartment configuration indicates at least one address range associated with the target compartment.

Abstract: A LiDAR apparatus includes a light transmitter configured to emit pulse light, a light receiver configured to capture reflected pulse light, a determination circuit configured to determine a plurality of distances to the at least one object and a plurality of reflectivity of the at least one object, and an event detector configured to output the present distance or the present reflectivity only after determining a distance difference between the present distance of the first pixel of the present frame and a previous distance of the first pixel of a previous frame exceeds a distance threshold or only after determining a reflectivity difference between the present reflectivity of the first pixel of the present frame and a previous reflectivity of the first pixel of the previous frame exceeds a reflectivity threshold. A plurality of pixels are regularly mapping to a two-directional FOV of the LiDAR apparatus.

Abstract: According to at least one aspect, a hardware system include a host processor, a policy engine, and an interlock is provided. These components can interoperate to enforce security policies. The host processor can execute an instruction and provide instruction information to the policy engine and the result of the executed instruction to the interlock. The policy engine can determine whether the executed instruction is allowable according to one or more security policies using the instruction information. The interlock can buffer the result of the executed instruction until an indication is received from the policy engine that the instruction was allowable. The interlock can then release the result of the executed instruction. The policy engine can be configured to transform instructions received from the host processor or add inserted instructions to the policy evaluation pipeline to increase the flexibility of the policy engine and enable enforcement of the security policies.

Abstract: A method of fabricating and packaging an ohmic micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) switch device may comprise constructing the switch device on an insulating substrate. The switch device may have contacts that consist of a platinum-group metal. The method may further comprise forming an oxidized layer of the platinum-group metal on an outer surface of each of the one or more contacts. The method may further comprise bonding an insulating cap to the insulating substrate, to hermetically seal the switch device. The bonding may occur in an atmosphere that has a proportion of oxygen within a range of 0.5% to 30%, such that, after the switch device has been hermetically sealed within the sealed cavity, an atmosphere within the sealed cavity has a proportion of oxygen within the range of 0.5% to 30%. The platinum-group metal may be ruthenium, and the oxidized layer of the platinum-group metal may be ruthenium dioxide.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing eye tracking using a scanning light signal with low power consumption are disclosed herein. Power consumption is reduced by intelligent disabling and re-enabling of non-imaging photodetector(s) and/or light source(s). In one embodiment, the scan region is contracted to a single feature of the eye (e.g., the pupil, a glint, etc.) in view of a particular type of event of interest to detect.

Abstract: A reference axis adjustment method and a reference axis adjustment controller thereof are disclosed. The reference axis adjustment method for the reference axis adjustment controller includes obtaining an inclination angle of a slope with respect to a relative horizontal plane, and instructing to adjust a reference axis of an apparatus according to the inclination angle of the slope before the apparatus enters the slope.

Abstract: Systems and methods for violation processing. In some embodiments, in response to detecting a policy violation, tag processing hardware may enter a violation processing mode, and may cause a host processor to begin executing violation processing code. The tag processing hardware may continue checking one or more instructions in an instruction queue. In response to encountering, in the instruction queue, an instruction of the violation processing code, the tag processing hardware may exit the violation processing mode.

Abstract: Systems and methods for metadata processing. In some embodiments, a target address may be received from a host processor. The target address may be used to access mapping information and decoding information, the mapping information and the decoding information being associated with the target address. The mapping information may be used to map the target address to a metadata address. The metadata address may be used to retrieve metadata, and the decoding information may be used to decode the retrieved metadata.