Abstract: The present invention allows spectral codes to be accurately and consistently deployed for a wide range of labels and substrates or products. Spectral codes provided by one or more taggants are incorporated into transferable images so that these images can be prepared separately under accurate, controlled conditions and then transferred onto labels or other substrates. The transferable images that include one or more taggants further include a metal foil layer that is both highly opaque and thin so that the foil is highly compatible with image transfer techniques.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved spectral signature strategies for use to confirm the authenticity of a substrate and associated documentation.

Abstract: A system and method using reporter elements provides retrospective identification of articles. An article is marked with reporter elements such that the mark has a characteristic spectral response when exposed to energy stimulation. To verify the authenticity of the article, a reader scans the mark containing the reporter elements and obtains a spectral signature. The reader then compares the detected signature to the characteristic signature to determine the authenticity or identity of the marked article.