Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for chlorination of silver materials in the forms of wire, thick film paste and metallic sheet/disc. The method is environmentally friendly since the process does not produce hazardous chemicals or flammable gas. The electrochemical setup includes position the electrode containing silver materials in the anode and a platinum wire at the cathode. A DC voltage supply between 1 to 5 volts oxidizes the silver surface which receives chloride from imidazolium chloride solution to produce silver chloride on silver wire, film or disc. The imidazolium chloride reagent can be in aqueous solution or polar organic solvents or naturally exists in ionic liquid form. The imidazolium radical cation decomposes to produce a stabilized organic radical and an imidazole molecule. The stabilized radical recombines to produce volatile organic compound that can be recovered by simple distillation. The chlorination reagent can be regenerated by re-introducing the stabilized group at N1.

Abstract: An energy harvesting device (100) comprises a hollow prismatic body (12) formed of a plurality of faces are coated with a piezoelectric layer thereon, a plurality of elongated cantilevers (14) are arranged spatially from each other and inserted through the faces of the hollow prismatic body (12), the elongated cantilevers (14) are coated with a piezoelectric layer thereon, and at least one inner resilient means (16) of a particular stiffness having one end attached the hollow prismatic body (12) and the other end is coupled with a base (18) in order to stabilize the device on its axis. The device (100) is capable of detecting small amounts of environmentally available vibration sources and producing huge vibration to the hollow prismatic body (12) and the cantilevers (14), thereby inducing the device (100) to generate electrical energy that can be stored or used by an exteranl load.

Abstract: An energy harvester comprising a base; one or more first resilient means mounted on the base; a hollow chamber having a mounting point pivotally attached to the first resilient means; a hollow member enclosed within the hollow chamber being attached to one or more second resilient means extending from the mounting point in static equilibrium such that the center of mass of the hollow member is aligned with the second resilient means at a vertical axis; a plurality of piezoelectric material-built cantilevers mounted on the hollow member; an integrated circuit connecting the hollow chamber, hollow member, and piezoelectric material-built cantilevers with at least one of a primary storage and a device, wherein the energy is harvested through vibration of the plurality of piezoelectric material-built cantilevers at its approximately resonant frequency, reciprocation of the hollow chamber and the hollow member upon application of a force.

Abstract: A holding and supporting apparatus (10) to hold an item (11) such as a portable digital device including a tablet personal computer (tablet PC) and Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), comprising a pair of panels with a malleable spine, and at least one magnet or other clasping means (28) encased within one of the panels and a stopper means (30) on external side of one panel. It is provided with a means (34, 36) to removeably secure the item (11) on inside panel. A strap (12) is secured at one end on the outside of the panel and is configured to fold along pre-designated fold lines, and further includes an encased magnet or other clasping means (28) at its free end. The panels are bendable over the spine and the strap (12) is foldable to support the panel in a predetermined position.

Abstract: A method to extend battery life of a mobile device in a wireless network by means of specifying the wake-up condition at user level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phase frequency detector (PFD) (100) for use as one of the blocks in a phase-locked loop. The PFD of the present invention has zero dead zone, has a simpler structure with a minimum number of transistors and requires a smaller area. The PFD of the present invention does not use any inverter or delay gate as found in the conventional PFD. Instead, the PFD of the present invention utilizes feedback transistors that save power and thus the PFD of the present invention is suitable to be used in low power applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the synthesis of lipophilic or immobilized monobasic phosphate (H2PO4) ionophores (7, 8a, 8b and 11) to be used as ion recognition molecules for monobasic phosphate (H2PO4?) in the cocktail preparation of hydrophobic polymer membranes in ion selective electrode (ISE) or ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) chemical sensors for detection of monobasic phosphate (H2PO4) ionic species in soil, synthetic media, hydrophonic liquid, tree sap, ground water and rivers.

Abstract: A method of integrating quantum key distribution with Internet key exchange protocol, wherein the method comprises exchanging quantum-shared secret index from a cryptographic key database in Phase 1 of the Internet key exchange protocol between an initiator and a responder (100), integrating a number of quantum-shared secret from the cryptographic key database with classic shared secret using a predetermined operation mode in Phase 2 of the Internet key exchange protocol (200) to generate an array of security associations to be used by the initiator and the responder during a single Internet key exchange session, and managing inbound and outbound of the array of security associations in a security association database (402) using a database structure.

Abstract: A method (100) and system (200) for ontology navigation and visualization, the system (200) comprises an ontology navigator (202). The ontology navigator (202) comprises means for graphically displaying a plurality of concepts (102) of at least one ontology knowledge base (206), receiving a user query of at least one concept from the plurality of concepts (104), identifying a visualization application (204) for visualizing the at least one concept (106), generating an information set (108) of the at least one concept recognized by the visualization application (204), and forwarding the information set (110) of the at least one concept to the visualization application (204).

Abstract: A method (100) for session transfer mechanism between communication devices. The method (100) comprises the steps of triggering a session transfer (102) on an first device having an active session with a corresponding device, identifying a second device (104) from a plurality of devices for the session transfer, transferring the active session (106) transpiring between the first device and the corresponding device to between the second device and the corresponding device, and reclaiming the active session (108) transpiring between the second device and the corresponding device if a session reclaiming is triggered on the first device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device (500) configured to profile and control field conditions for plants grown in an environment. The device (500) is essentially comprised of at least one integrated sensor systems (10) configured to acquire data associated with the field conditions, and at least one feedback control system (20) for regulating the field conditions. The device (500) further comprises an inference unit configured for receiving and profiling the data from the integrated sensor systems (10); determining revised field conditions in accordance to the plants' requirements based on the data acquired from said integrated sensor system (10), and manipulating the feedback control system (20) in a feedback manner to regulate the field conditions in the environment into the revised state. In addition, the inference unit is in communication with the monitoring component and the controlling component via connections.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the synthesis of lipophilic or immobilized monobasic phosphate (H2PO4) ionophores (7, 8a, 8b and 11) to be used as ion recognition molecules for monobasic phosphate (H2PO4?) in the cocktail preparation of hydrophobic polymer membranes in ion selective electrode (ISE) or ion-sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) chemical sensors for detection of monobasic phosphate (H2PO4) ionic species in soil, synthetic media, hydrophonic liquid, tree sap, ground water and rivers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phase frequency detector (PFD) (100) for use as one of the blocks in a phase-locked loop. The PFD of the present invention has zero dead zone, has a simpler structure with a minimum number of transistors and requires a smaller area. The PFD of the present invention does not use any inverter or delay gate as found in the conventional PFD. Instead, the PFD of the present invention utilises feedback transistors that save power and thus the PFD of the present invention is suitable to be used in low power applications.

Abstract: A method of integrating quantum key distribution with Internet key exchange protocol, wherein the method comprises exchanging quantum-shared secret index from a cryptographic key database in Phase 1 of the Internet key exchange protocol between an initiator and a responder (100), integrating a number of quantum-shared secret from the cryptographic key database with classic shared secret using a predetermined operation mode in Phase 2 of the Internet key exchange protocol (200) to generate an array of security associations to be used by the initiator and the responder during a single Internet key exchange session, and managing inbound and outbound of the array of security associations in a security association database (402) using a database structure.