Abstract: In an image signal processing portion, the size of an original papersheet is detected, and image data is provided with respect to a memory unit. The size of a copy papersheet is detected using a detecting sensor, not shown. Data of an original image is read out by a CCD to be stored in an image memory. When printing is carried out based on the image data, the feeding directions and the sizes of the original papersheet and the copy papersheet are taken into consideration. When the feeding directions of the original and the copy papersheet are the same, only a variable-scale magnification processing portion is activated to carry out only a variable-scale magnification processing. When the feeding directions of the original papersheet and the copy papersheet are different, a rotation and a variable-scale magnification of an image signal are carried out by a rotation processing portion and the variable-scale magnification processing portion.

Abstract: A subject is photographed by a camera provided with a multi-micro lens including a plurality of lenses to form a plurality of images on the film, so that the optical length is greatly reduced. The developed multi-image on the film is electrically read out by a reading unit of the image reproducing apparatus to reproduce a single image by averaging corresponding pixels of all the images and the reproduced image is outputted through a monitor and a display, so that a clear image is reproduced irrespective of the graininess of the film.

Abstract: A motor drive system is provided with two drive units so that the system may be driven not only by operating one of the drive units but by simultaneously operating both of the drive units in accordance with load condition. Both of the first and second drive units are provided with a motor and a gear reduction mechanism. The output gear of the second drive unit is mounted as a planetary gear of a planetary gear mechanism on the carrier. When the current is supplied simultaneously to both the motor of the first drive unit and to the motor of the second drive unit, the output gear of the first drive unit comes into mesh with the output gear of the second drive unit, combining the output forces of the first and second drive units to drive the load driving shaft.

Abstract: An optical device for forming a latent image on the surface of a photosensitive member by an optical head, developing the latent image and transferring the developed toner image onto a transfer sheet at a transferring section. The transfer sheet is transported at least at the transfer section in a direction inclined relative to a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the photosensitive member at an angle of distortion of the latent image which occurs when the optical head forms the latent image on the surface of the photosensitive member, thereby toner particles in the transfer section receive twisting force and the distortion of the latent image is corrected when the latent image is transferred to the transfer sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the electrophotographic type wherein a toner image formed on a photosensitive drum is transferred to recording paper by a transfer roller to form an image is disclosed. When the size of the toner image formed on the photosensitive drum is larger than the size of the recording paper, a portion of the toner image which projects from the recording paper is transferred to the transfer roller and will soil another sheet of recording paper supplied subsequently. Therefore, when comparison between the size of the toner image formed on the photosensitive drum and the size of the recording paper reveals a difference between them, an image forming operation is interrupted and a cleaning device is rendered operative to remove the toner from the transfer roller.

Abstract: A binocular has the right and left optical systems. A distance between these optical systems is variable for an adjustment of the pupil distance. A protecting member is arranged to protect objective lenses and eyepieces of the optical systems by sheltering them when the binocular is housed. The protecting member is movable to release the sheltering condition to expose the lenses and the eyepieces when the binocular is used. The protecting member is driven in liaison with an operation of the adjustment of the pupil distance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner for developing electrostatic latent images prepared by the following processes comprising;a process (a) of forming particles for toner containing at least a resin and a coloring agent in a wet process,a process (b) of aggregating the particles, anda process (c) of the aggregates passing through a minimal gap of 0.5-10 mm under dispersed conditions in air-stream flowing at a high speed to pulverize the aggregates, the gap being formed between a rotator and a rotator or between a rotator and a stator.

Abstract: A finisher for delivering sheets ejected from a copying machine to a plurality of bins and thereafter stapling the sheets stored in the bin. The bins are wholly moved upward and downward step by step, and every time a group of sheets have been delivered to the bins, the movement of the bins is changed from an upward movement to a downward movement and vise versa. Stapling operation by use of a stapler is carried out on a level one step upper than a level where the bins receive sheets. Sheets of an odd page are delivered to the bins while the bins are moved upward step by step, and sheets of an even page are delivered to the bins while the bins are moved downward step by step. After a last sheet is received by a bin, the bins are moved upward by one step to start stapling operation with sheets stored in the bin which has received the last sheet.

Abstract: A camera having a lens, whereby a power source in the camera is activated in response to a mechanical switch on the lens.

Abstract: An apparatus of spreading a fluid on the floor includes four rectangular application rotating bodies partially overlapping each other, and four nozzles supplying the fluid provided in rotation areas of the respective application rotating bodies. The rotation position of the application rotating body is detected by a light shielding plate and a photosensor. A control portion controls each component so that the fluid is applied onto the floor from a tank through the nozzle by a pump when the application rotating body is not directly under the nozzle. As a result, the apparatus of spreading a fluid on the floor capable of optimally controlling the quantity of the fluid to be applied according to the application condition can be provided.

Abstract: The measuring apparatus of the present invention measures the optical properties of a sample containing a fluorescent material by irradiating the sample with light containing a UV component. In the present invention are provided a first light source for irradiating the sample with light containing a UV component, a second light source for irradiating the sample with light which does not contain a UV component, light receiving element for receiving light reflected from the sample irradiated by said light sources, and output means for generating weighting coefficients for weighting the output of the light receiving element during emission by each light source. The optical properties of the sample is calculated based on the output of the light receiving element for a first light source, output of the light receiving element for a second light source, and the respective weighting coefficients.

Abstract: A camera according to the present invention comprises a taking lens whose focal length is variable. A focal length thereof is determined based on a subject distance measured by a distance measuring circuit and a relation between a subject distance and a focal length previously stored in a memory or according to a manual operation. The relation stored in the memory is changed based on a focal length determined.

Abstract: A camera having a cartridge bay into which a film cartridge is inserted includes a cover that can be opened and closed, and that covers the opening of the cartridge bay in order to block light. A force applying device applies force to a film cartridge inserted in the cartridge bay in the direction in which the film cartridge is ejected out of the cartridge bay. A prevention member prevents the film cartridge from flying completely out of the cartridge bay due to the force applied by the force applying device, such that only a part of the film cartridge protrudes out of the camera. The prevention member operates in response to the opening of the cartridge bay cover, and when the cartridge bay cover is partially open, the prevention member is set at a position at which it prevents the film cartridge from flying out. When the cartridge bay cover is fully open, the prevention member is set at a retracted position to enable the removal of the film cartridge.

Abstract: In an image processing apparatus according to the invention, a first color and a second color are designated. A color conversion matrix is produced based on the designated first and second colors. With the color conversion matrix, the information of the first color included in an input image signal including color information is converted into the second color information.

Abstract: In a digital image forming apparatus, the intensity or the pulse width of laser beam exposure is modulated according to image signals of a document detected by a sensor. A peak waveform having a peak is generated in each light-emitting period of laser beam. For example, and a signal having a peak is synthesized with the image signals to generate the peak waveform. Thus, the laser is driven according to the peak waveforms so that the exposed portions on a photoconductor in correspondence to the peaks are exposed with a larger quantity of light at low densities. Then, the amount of the gamma correction can be decreased and the gradation characteristic can be stabilized.

Abstract: A photographed image reproducing apparatus is used to reproduce photographic images recorded on successive frames of a film having magnetic tracks on which information is writable for each frame. The apparatus includes a read/write device for reading or writing frame information on the magnetic track. The frame information is read or written in one transporting direction while the image is sensed in the other transporting direction. Also, an information reader is provided at an upstream portion while the information writer is provided at a downstream portion to enable the reading and writing to be executed at the same time. The apparatus considerably reduces the reproduction time.

Abstract: A variable magnification lens system of the invention has from the object side a positive first lens unit and a negative second lens unit. The first lens unit includes a negative first lens element and a positive second lens element. The negative second lens unit includes a positive third lens element and a negative fourth lens element. At variable magnification from an equal magnification (1:1) state to an enlargement state, the overall lens system moves while the spacing between the two lens units is increased, and the distance between the object and the image remains constant. The object side surface of the first lens element and the image side surface of the fourth lens element are concave. Aspherical surfaces are provided on both surfaces of the first lens element and the image side surface of the third lens unit. The focal length of the first lens element and fourth lens element are suitable stipulated by a condition.

Abstract: A zoom lens system of the invention is double telephoto type zoom lens system having a positive/negative/positive/negative refractive power arrangement. During zooming from the wide angle side toward the telephoto side, the first through fourth lens units move such that the distance between the first and second lens units increases and the distance between the third and fourth lens units decreases. The refractive power of the first lens unit and the refractive power of the fourth lens unit are appropriately prescribed so that an adequate back focal lens distance is preserved.

Abstract: An apparatus for driving a collapsible lens mount having several telescoping segments includes, for each movable segment, a transducer that expands and contracts responsive to a wave pulse and a drive shaft coupled to the transducer. By varying the wave pulse conditions, the expansion and contraction are made to occur at different rates. A coupling member on each segment frictionally engages the drive shaft and transmits movement of the drive shaft during relatively slow drive shaft movements to the lens segment. The apparatus may also include a lens hood driven by the transducer and drive shaft apparatus of the invention.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus for forming a latent image on a photosensitive member, developing the latent image by a developing device, transferring the developed image onto a sheet, and cleaning a residual toner remaining on the photosensitive member after transferring by the developing device. The image forming device has a shaver which shaves the surface of the photosensitive member within a range of about 2 .mu.m or greater but less than 15 .mu.m, within 7,000 rotations of the photosensitive member. Further the toner for developing the latent image satisfies the following conditions:55.degree. C..ltoreq.Tg80.degree. C..ltoreq.Ti.ltoreq.120.degree. C.100.degree. C..ltoreq.Tm.ltoreq.135.degree. C.,wherein Tg is a glass transition temperature, Ti is a softening point at a moment a plunger of a flow tester starts to drop, and Tm is a softening point at a moment the plunger of the flow tester has dropped 6 mm.