Abstract: A magnifying binocular ophthalmoscope that employs a telecentric ocular lens in front of a viewing mirror assembly in order to provide parallel light rays from the lens to the viewing mirror assembly and from there to two direction changing mirrors that direct the light to the viewer's eyes. Also disclosed is the use of prisms between an objective lens and an ocular lens, the prisms redirecting the optical paths from the viewing mirror assembly and causing the optical path to cross its path within the prism so as to increase the length of the path and invert the image vertically and horizontally. Also disclosed is an assembly for illuminating and directing light that includes first and second stages that are movable along a viewing direction and carry respective first and second mirrors, the second stage being mounted for both movement with the first stage and movement relative to the first stage.