Abstract: An electrode (10) characterized by an output terminal (9) being led out from the surface of a part where an active substance layer (3) exists when viewed from the thickness direction of the electrode. Active substance contained in the active substance layer (3) preferably comprises a material having a low electron conductivity. The electrode (10) preferably comprises a pair of current collecting surface layers (4) having a surface touching electrolyte, and at least one active substance layer (3) containing particles (2) of an active substance having a high lithium compound forming power and interposed between the surface layers (4). In the active substance layer (3), a metal material having a low lithium compound forming power permeates between the particles of active substance and the opposite sides are conducting electrically. The entire electrode preferably has a current collecting function as a whole.