Abstract: Each time an operation state indicated by operation data measured during normal operation of a refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus meets an operation data acquisition requirement, the operation data is acquired, and a process of calculating the amount of refrigerant in parts other than an extension pipe and an extension-pipe density on the basis of the acquired data is performed. The internal volume of the extension pipe is calculated on the basis of a group of calculation data items indicating calculations by the process. A standard refrigerant amount is calculated on the basis of the calculated extension-pipe internal volume and the acquired data. The total refrigerant amount in the refrigerant circuit is calculated on the basis of the calculated extension-pipe internal volume and current operation data and is compared to the standard refrigerant amount, thus determining whether the refrigerant is leaked.

Abstract: An array antenna apparatus in which an SN ratio is improved. Antenna elements having transmission modules, respectively, are arranged in plurality, wherein the plurality of transmission modules respectively have transmission signal generators that each output a transmission intermediate frequency signal, local oscillation signal generators that each output a local oscillation signal, and transmission mixers that each mix the transmission intermediate frequency signal and the local oscillation signal with each other, thereby to carry out frequency conversion to a transmission high frequency signal. A reference signal source inputs a reference signal to the transmission signal generators and the local oscillation signal generators. The transmission intermediate frequency signal and the local oscillation signal are synchronized with each other by the reference signal.

Abstract: A laser device includes a substrate, a lower cladding layer on the substrate, an active layer on the lower cladding layer and having a disordered portion spaced from an end face of a resonator of the laser device, an upper cladding layer located on the active layer, and a diffraction grating located in a portion of a layer lying above or below the active layer, with respect to the substrate. The disordered portion intersects a boundary between a diffraction grating section, in which the diffraction grating is located, and a bulk section, in which no diffraction grating is located.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, includes the steps of mounting a lead frame in a recessed portion of a lower die, bringing the lower die and an upper die to overlap each other so that a portion for sliding the lead frame slides the lead frame toward injection surfaces, the sliding portion being formed on the recessed portion of the lower die or on the recessed portion of the upper die, clamping the lower die and the upper die together so that at least one projection formed on the upper die crushes down an end portion of the lead frame so as to form lateral projections on the left and right sides of the gate, the lateral projections blocking up the gap between the injection surfaces and the lead frame, and injecting a molding resin through the gate.

Abstract: A power semiconductor device includes a substrate, an element circuit pattern formed on the substrate and made of Cu covered with an electroless Ni—P plating layer, and a power semiconductor element bonded to the element circuit pattern by a solder, wherein the solder is an alloy of Sn, Sb, and Cu, and the weight percent of Cu is in the range of 0.5 to 1%, inclusive.

Abstract: A power block includes an insulating substrate, a conductive pattern formed on the insulating substrate, a power semiconductor chip bonded onto the conductive pattern by lead-free solder, a plurality of electrodes electrically connected to the power semiconductor chip and extending upwardly away from the insulating substrate, and a transfer molding resin covering the conductive pattern, the lead-free solder, the power semiconductor chip, and the plurality of electrodes, wherein surfaces of the plurality of electrodes are exposed at an outer surface of the transfer molding resin and lie in the same plane as the outer surface, the outer surface being located directly above the conductive pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of authenticating a user in a communication system comprising a user terminal and an authentication server which is capable of storing two types of nonce values, namely dedicated nonce values unique in the system and common nonce values shared between users in the system. In the method the authentication server receives (401) from the user terminal an access request. Then the authentication server uses a predefined criterion for determining the type of a first nonce value to be sent to the user terminal as a response to the access request. In case the predefined criterion is fulfilled, then a dedicated nonce value is sent, otherwise a common nonce value is sent (402). Then the authentication server receives (403) from the user terminal a response comprising a second nonce value and a response code to the first nonce value.

Abstract: Provided is a field winding type generator-motor capable of minimizing cost increase and structure modification while preventing a failure due to a temperature rise, without mounting a temperature sensor. The field winding type generator-motor according to the present invention includes: a dynamo-electric machine that has a field winding; a field current detecting section for detecting field current; a field current restriction deciding section for deciding whether or not the decision value has reached a predetermined decision threshold value by calculating a decision value based on the field current detected by the field current detecting section; and a field current controller for controlling the field current flowing in the field winding so that the field current is restricted to a predetermined permissible value in a case where the field current restriction deciding section decides that the decision value has reached the predetermined decision threshold value.

Abstract: A radar device includes: a frequency modulating unit for modulating a frequency of a transmission signal by a triangular wave; a transmitting unit for pulsing the frequency modulated transmission signal to transmit the pulsed transmission signal as a transmission pulse; a receiving unit for generating a beat signal based on a frequency difference between a frequency modulated transmission signal and a reflected received pulse; a range gate setting unit for setting a range gate that determines a sampling timing of the received pulse based on a transmitting timing of the transmission pulse; a sampling unit for sampling the beat signal in each of range gates; a distance and relative velocity calculating unit for calculating a distance to a target and a relative velocity based on the sampled beat signal; and a control unit for controlling a transmission pulse width and a range gate width depending on a subject vehicle velocity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dynamoelectric machine that enables heat that is generated in a permanent magnet to be transmitted to a fan and be radiated from the fan effectively, that suppresses occurrences of damage to the fan that result from centrifugal forces that act on the permanent magnet, and that also enables the fan to be prepared easily and inexpensively.

Abstract: A method for recording information which cannot be easily copied on a BCA is provided so as to prevent pirated copies from being made. The BCA recording device for optical discs records, on the BCA on an optical disc, identifying information unique to the optical disc. The BCA recording device is provided with: a BCA data generating section which generates BCA mark signals and BCA code signals which indicate the identifying information; a BCA mark generating section which, based on the BCA mark signals, generates BCA marks by recording marks on the recording film in the BCA on the optical disc, thereby partially changing the reflectance of the recording film; and a BCA code generating section which, based on the BCA code signals, generates BCA codes by partially removing the recording film on the BCA.

Abstract: A particle beam treatment device includes an irradiation nozzle which moves a particle beam in a direction which is perpendicular to an advancing direction; a dose monitor which measures the dose of the particle beam; a planning part which sets the irradiation dose applied to a target volume; and a controlling part which controls the irradiation dose applied to a target volume based on irradiation dose set value which is set by a value measured by the dose monitor and the planning part, wherein the planning part stores the absorbed dose distribution data in the depth direction which is prepared in advance using the absorbed dose at the reference depth which is a predetermined position nearer to an incident side of the particle beam than the position of Bragg peak as the reference and calculates the irradiation dose set value using the absorbed dose at the reference depth.

Abstract: A vehicular power supply device mounted on a vehicle equipped with an idle stop function is provided that enhances engine startability and suppresses a voltage drop at a battery driving the starter, so as to reduce energy consumption by the engine or other drive sources. The device includes a voltage converter for converting a DC voltage V1 output from a generator into a DC voltage control value V2 and for outputting the value, and when the idle-stop determination unit determines that the engine is in the idle stop state, the voltage converter outputs, depending on a current and voltage supplied to an electrical load including a starter, a second DC voltage control value V2a higher than a first DC voltage control value V2 that is a target output voltage for the battery.

Abstract: A control device (3) controlling an electric motor (2) is disposed on an axial line of a rotor shaft (30) of the electric motor (2). The control device (3) includes semiconductor switching devices (15) forming a three-phase bridge circuit that controls a current of the electric motor (2) and capacitors (13) that suppresses a ripple component of a current flowing to the electric motor (2). The semiconductor switching devices (15) and the capacitors (13) are provided in pairs for respective arms of the three-phase bridge circuit and disposed concentrically. Hence, impedance across the three-phase circuit controlling a current flowing to the electric motor is reduced. Consequently, not only can ripples be absorbed efficiently but also power efficiency of a driving device can be enhanced.

Abstract: A signal generation device includes: filter banks that perform sampling frequency conversion with respect to an input signal of a predetermined sampling frequency, and generate a signal obtained after the sampling frequency conversion as an output signal; a control-signal generation unit that selects the filter banks to be used based on a sampling-frequency setting value indicating a sampling frequency of the output signal: and a switching unit selects the filter banks based on a result of selection by the control-signal generation unit.

Abstract: An injection hole inlet is disposed at the upstream side face of the injection hole plate in such a way that, assuming that ? denotes the angle between respective lines obtained by vertically projecting a straight line that passes through the center of the injection hole inlet and the center of the valve seat and the major axis of the injection hole inlet onto a perpendicular plane that passes through the center of the injection hole inlet and is perpendicular to the center axis of the valve seat and assuming that ? denotes the angle between respective lines obtained by vertically projecting the straight line that passes through the center of the injection hole inlet and the center of the valve seat and the minor axis of the injection hole inlet onto the perpendicular plane, ?<? is satisfied.

Abstract: In a Hall thruster 10, an acceleration channel 12 ionizes propellant flowing into an annular discharge space 11 to generate ions, and accelerates and discharges the generated ions. A distributor 37 supplies propellant from a plurality of holes 13 arranged azimuthally, via an anode 14 penetrating to the discharge space 11 of the acceleration channel 12, to the discharge space 11 of the acceleration channel 12, an amount of the propellant varying according to positions of the plurality of holes 13, thereby generating a plurality of regions, between adjacent ones of which the mass flow rate of the propellant is different, azimuthally in the discharge space 11 of the acceleration channel 12.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine automatic-stop/restart control system according to the present invention, excellent restartability of an internal combustion engine is ensured in such a way that, while the internal combustion engine inertially rotates after its automatic stop, a solenoid of a starting apparatus for starting the internal combustion engine is driven so that a pinion gear is moved in the axis direction and pushing the pinion gear against a ring gear is started, and detection of a reference signal through a crank angle signal is prohibited until a predetermined period elapses after the pushing has been started so that erroneous reference signal recognition is prevented.

Abstract: A power breaker incudes a fine motion mechanism portion having a chattering suppression portion formed of ring members and a ring member provided with sloping surfaces or curved surfaces at positions corresponding to one another in a state stacked up in a center axis direction, so that an impact generated upon collision of a movable electrode with a fixed electrode when a circuit is closed is trapped as a compression force. Hence, kinetic energy generated upon collision is consumed by energy absorption by friction due to a spring property of the ring members and a frictional force on the contact surfaces. It thus becomes possible to reduce a generation time of a chattering action.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a source electrode and a drain electrode on a front face of a semiconductor substrate which is transparent to visible light, forming a front-side gate electrode between the source electrode and the drain electrode on the front face of the semiconductor substrate; forming an aligning mark on a region of the front face of the semiconductor substrate other than a region between the source electrode and the drain electrode, aligning the semiconductor substrate based on the aligning mark that is seen through the semiconductor substrate, and forming a back-side gate electrode on a back face of the semiconductor substrate in a location opposite the front-side gate electrode.