Abstract: An electrostatic precipitator is provided capable of preventing a reduction in dust collection effect of ionic wind, and increasing dust collection efficiency. The electrostatic precipitator includes: a plurality of collecting electrodes (4) in the form of circular pipes arranged at predetermined intervals in a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the electrodes; and a plurality of protrusions (5a) protruding toward the collecting electrodes (4) and arranged offset in parallel with the orthogonal direction. An equivalent diameter of a cross section of the collecting electrode (4) is 30 mm to 80 mm. An opening ratio of the collecting electrodes (4) arranged at predetermined intervals is 10% to 70%.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to achieve optimal operating guidance on day-to-day operations in a plant while also achieving, for example, soundness and reduced operating costs for a plant equipment piece without increasing the load on the central operation room, by determining the optimal configuration value for the operating value of the plant equipment piece. To this end, there is provided an equipment state monitoring device 331 for analyzing an operating state of a first plant equipment piece 303 during a prescribed period. The equipment state monitoring device 331 analyzes the operating state of the first plant equipment piece 303, and depending on a result of the analysis, carries out determination of an optimal operating value.

Abstract: An organic material production system includes: a pretreatment device (12) that pulverizes a biomass material (11); a hydrothermal decomposition apparatus (14) that hydrothermally decomposes a pulverized biomass (13) by causing it to countercurrently contact with hot compressed water (15), elutes lignin components and hemicellulose components into the hot compressed water (15), and separates the lignin components and the hemicellulose components from a biomass solid residue; a first enzymatic hydrolysis device (19-1) that treats cellulose in a biomass solid residue (17), discharged from the hydrothermal decomposition apparatus, with an enzyme (18) to enzymatically hydrolyze it to a sugar solution containing hexose; a fermenter (21) that produces ethanol by fermentation using a sugar solution (20) obtained by the first enzymatic hydrolysis device (19-1); and a refiner 25 that refines an alcohol fermentation liquid (22), so as to separate it into ethanol (23) and a residue (24).

Abstract: Provided are: a wet desulfurization apparatus 13 which removes sulfur oxides in flue gas 12A from a boiler 11; a mist collection/agglomeration apparatus 14 which is provided on a downstream side of the desulfurization apparatus 13 and forms agglomerated SO3 mist by causing particles of SO3 mist contained in flue gas 12B from the wet desulfurization apparatus 13 to be bonded together and have bloated particle sizes; a CO2 recovery apparatus 18 constituted by a CO2 absorption tower 16 having a CO2 absorption unit 16A which removes CO2 contained in flue gas 12D by being brought into contact with a CO2 absorbent and an absorbent regeneration tower 17 which recovers CO2 by releasing CO2 from the CO2 absorbent having absorbed CO2 and regenerates the CO2 absorbent; and a mist collection unit 16C which collects CO2 absorbent bloated mist bloated by the CO2 absorbent being absorbed by the agglomerated SO3 mist in the CO2 absorption unit 16A.

Abstract: Provided are: a wet desulfurization apparatus 13 which removes sulfur oxides in flue gas 12A from a boiler 11; a mist collection/agglomeration apparatus 14 which is provided on a downstream side of the desulfurization apparatus 13 and forms agglomerated SO3 mist by causing particles of SO3 mist contained in flue gas 12B from the wet desulfurization apparatus 13 to be bonded together and have bloated particle sizes; a CO2 recovery apparatus 18 constituted by a CO2 absorption tower 16 having a CO2 absorption unit 16A which removes CO2 contained in flue gas 12D by being brought into contact with a CO2 absorbent and an absorbent regeneration tower 17 which recovers CO2 by releasing CO2 from the CO2 absorbent having absorbed CO2 and regenerates the CO2 absorbent; and a mist collection unit 16C which collects CO2 absorbent bloated mist bloated by the CO2 absorbent being absorbed by the agglomerated SO3 mist in the CO2 absorption unit 16A.

Abstract: A wet desulfurization apparatus which removes sulfur oxides in flue gas from a boiler 11 includes a mist collection/agglomeration apparatus which is provided on a downstream side of the desulfurization apparatus and forms agglomerated SO3 mist by causing particles of SO3 mist contained in flue gas 12B from the wet desulfurization apparatus to be bonded together and have bloated particle sizes; a CO2 recovery apparatus constituted by a CO2 absorption tower having a CO2 absorption unit which removes CO2 contained in flue gas by being brought into contact with a CO2 absorbent and an absorbent regeneration tower which recovers CO2 by releasing CO2 from the CO2 absorbent having absorbed CO2 and regenerates the CO2 absorbent; and a mist collection unit which collects CO2 absorbent bloated mist bloated by the CO2 absorbent being absorbed by the agglomerated SO3 mist in the CO2 absorption unit.

Abstract: In a charging time period T1, a dry electrostatic precipitator outputs DCON that is a current for charging a collection target object from a high voltage power supply. Subsequently, in a second period of time T2-2 after a first period of time T2-1 passes from a time that a charging pause time period T2 starts, the dry electrostatic precipitator outputs DCBC that is a current that is less than DCON and is greater than a current in the first period of time T2-1, from the high voltage power supply.

Abstract: This biomass treatment system includes: a hydrothermal decomposition section for decomposing the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contained in a biomass as a raw material under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in a main section, namely a tank having a gas-liquid interface, and thus removing a lignin component and a hemicellulose component from the biomass; a discharge section for discharging a biomass solid (a component insoluble in hot-water) obtained by the decomposition; a slurrying tank which is connected to the discharge section and in which the discharged biomass solid is slurried in water fed thereinto to form a biomass slurry; and a solid-liquid separation apparatus including both a settling tank which is provided on a discharge line for discharging the biomass slurry and in which the biomass slurry is settled and a scooping-up and conveying means for scooping up the biomass solid deposited at the bottom of the settling tank and separating the solid biomass component from water.

Abstract: A dust collection system, a dust collection method, and a dust collector, can enhance dust-collecting efficiency while reducing the volume of the dust collector as a whole. A dust collector is provided with a casing having an inlet into which gas is introduced; a discharge electrode to which voltage is applied, the discharge electrode being disposed inside the casing and having a spike called discharge spike and mounting frames for supporting the discharge spike; and a collecting electrode having a planar member, disposed inside the casing facing the discharge electrode, the mounting frames being inclined with relation to the gas flow at the inlet. Two mounting frames are connected to each other on the downstream side of the gas flow, and are arranged so that, between the two mounting frames, the upstream side of the gas flow is wider than the downstream side of the gas flow.

Abstract: A raw-material supply device for supplying a biomass raw material under pressure, wherein the device is provided with: a screw body, provided inside a screw feeder and adapted for compressing, rotating, and transporting the powdered biomass raw material using a motor from a normal-pressure feed section for the fed biomass raw material to a high-pressure discharge section; and a pressing plug provided on the tip section side of the screw body, the pressing plug having a plug tip for maintaining a high-temperature/high-pressure field against the discharge force of compressed consolidated biomass.

Abstract: Provided is a biomass hydrothermal decomposition system which includes: a biomass supply unit that supplies a biomass raw material; hydrothermally decomposing the biomass raw material using pressurized hot water; a hydrothermal decomposition unit that dissolves lignin components and hemicellulose components in the pressurized hot water; a biomass solid fraction discharge unit that discharges a biomass solid fraction from the hydrothermal decomposition unit; an enzymatic liquefaction tank that is in connection with the biomass solid fraction discharge unit, and in which the discharged biomass solid fraction is introduced, and an enzyme is supplied to the biomass solid fraction to liquefy the biomass solid fraction; and a discharge unit that discharges the liquefied biomass solid fraction.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment device includes a first biological treatment device (10) that treats wastewater through a membrane-separated activated sludge method; a second biological treatment device (20) that treats wastewater through a biofilm method; measurement units (31, 32) that measure load concentration and flow rate in the wastewater flowing upstream of the first biological treatment device (10) and the second biological treatment device (20); and a control unit (30) that calculates a load quantity from the load concentration and the flow rate, determines, according to the load quantity, a distribution ratio between a flow rate of the wastewater supplied to the first biological treatment device (10) and a flow rate of the wastewater supplied to the second biological treatment device (20), and adjusts the flow rate of the wastewater supplied to the first biological treatment device (10) and the second biological treatment device (20), based on the distribution ratio.

Abstract: A biomass hydrothermal decomposition apparatus that feeds a solid biomass material 11 from one side of an apparatus body 42, feeds pressurized hot water 15 from the other side, to hydrothermally decompose the biomass material 11 while bringing the biomass material 11 into counter contact with the pressurized hot water 15, dissolves hot-water soluble fractions in hot water, discharges the pressurized hot water to outside from the one side of the apparatus body 42 as a hot-water effluent 16, and discharges a biomass solid 17 to the outside from the other side.

Abstract: A hydrothermal decomposition apparatus 17 as a biomass processing apparatus that decomposes a biomass material 11 into cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin under a high temperature and high pressure condition to remove a lignin component and a hemicellulose component, a biomass solid discharging unit 18 that discharges a biomass solid (a hot-water insoluble component) 20 processed in the hydrothermal decomposition apparatus 17, and a slurrying vessel 21 communicating with the biomass solid discharging unit 18, into which water 19 is injected and the discharged biomass solid 20 is added to make it slurried are provided to an apparatus body 13, which is a processing vessel having a gas-liquid interface 13a.

Abstract: A wet-type electric dust collection device and low-concentration SO3 mist containing, in which the wet-type electric dust collection device has an electrical field formation part in which a plurality of discharge electrodes are provided on opposing surfaces of a first electrode and second electrodes for forming a DC electrical field. The discharge electrodes of the first electrode and the discharge electrodes of the second electrodes generate corona discharges that are reversed in polarity relative to each other. The gas containing the SO3 mist and the dust is guided to the electrical field formation part without electrically charging the SO3 mist and the dust or spraying a dielectric in the gas, and while the gas flows between the electrodes, the corona discharges impart electric charges of alternately reversed polarity to the SO3 mist and the dust. The first electrode and the second electrodes collect the charged SO3 mist and dust.

Abstract: A wet desulfurization apparatus which removes sulfur oxides in flue gas from a boiler 11 includes a mist collection/agglomeration apparatus which is provided on a downstream side of the desulfurization apparatus and forms agglomerated SO3 mist by causing particles of SO3 mist contained in flue gas 12B from the wet desulfurization apparatus to be bonded together and have bloated particle sizes; a CO2 recovery apparatus constituted by a CO2 absorption tower having a CO2 absorption unit which removes CO2 contained in flue gas by being brought into contact with a CO2 absorbent and an absorbent regeneration tower which recovers CO2 by releasing CO2 from the CO2 absorbent having absorbed CO2 and regenerates the CO2 absorbent; and a mist collection unit which collects CO2 absorbent bloated mist bloated by the CO2 absorbent being absorbed by the agglomerated SO3 mist in the CO2 absorption unit.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dust collector, an electrode selection method for a dust collector, and a dust collection method such that it is possible to select a suitable wire mesh to be used in a collecting electrode and thereby improve the collecting efficiency even at high flow velocities. A dust collector has a discharge electrode to which a voltage is applied, and a collecting electrode that is disposed facing the discharge electrode and has a planar member formed of a wire mesh, wherein the wire mesh of the planar member satisfies equations <1> and <2> below, and the gas face velocity (v) of the gas penetrating the wire mesh is v=0.1 m/s or higher. <1> IndexT=(the inter-wire distance÷2)÷the opening ratio÷the wire diameter×the gas face velocity <2> IndexT?2.

Abstract: Provided is a water treatment device that suppresses the degradation of electrodes in a capacitive de-ionization treatment section and is capable of maintaining high water treatment capability. The water treatment device includes an activated carbon treatment section that receives an inflow of water having a total organic carbon concentration of 100 mg/l or less and adsorbs and removes organic matters contained in the water; and, on the downstream side of the activated carbon treatment section, a capacitive de-ionization treatment section including a pair of electrodes to which voltages having polarities opposite to each other are applied, a flow path, and ion exchange membranes. Ions contained in the water are adsorbed to the electrodes with voltages applied thereto, and voltages reverse to the voltages at the time of ions adsorption are applied to the electrodes to release the ions from the electrodes.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a biomass feedstock at a high temperature, includes a cooling device 90 for cooling a biomass treated liquid at a high temperature; an enzymatic saccharification tank 103 for saccharifying a cooled treated liquid 101B with an enzyme; a solid-liquid separation apparatus 112 for removing water-slightly soluble substances contained in a saccharide solution 104 taken out from the enzymatic saccharification tank 103 and a foreign substance removing unit 113 provided with a microfiltration (MF) membrane 113a; a dilution tank 132, disposed downstream of the foreign substance removing unit 113, for diluting the saccharide solution from which the water-slightly soluble substances are removed by adding water thereto; a water separation unit 116, provided with a reverse osmosis (RO) membrane 116a, for removing water 114 from the diluted saccharide solution so as to obtain concentrated saccharide solution 115.

Abstract: A saccharide-solution production method using a biomass material, including feeding a biomass material containing cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin under a normal pressure to put it under an increased pressure; hydrothermally decomposing the biomass material using pressurized hot water by a hydrothermal decomposition unit; and dissolving a lignin component and a hemicellulose component in the pressurized hot water; thereafter, adding a biomass solid discharged from the hydrothermal decomposition unit to a slurrying vessel containing water injected therein and communicating with the hydrothermal decomposition unit so as to obtain a slurried biomass solid; then, removing water from the slurried biomass solid; and thereafter, performing enzymatic saccharification of the water-removed biomass solid to produce a saccharide solution.