Abstract: A semiconductor substrate thermal treatment apparatus enables excellent heating control in suppressing influence of mutual induction between induction heating coils even when the induction heating coils are arranged in the vertical direction while providing horizontal magnetic flux to susceptors. The apparatus indirectly heats wafers mounted on horizontally-arranged susceptors including induction heating coils to form alternate-current magnetic flux in a direction parallel to a mount face of the susceptor. The wafer are arranged at an outer circumferential side of the susceptor. The induction heating coils are structured with at least one main heating coil and subordinate heating coils electromagnetically coupled with the main heating coil.

Abstract: A method is for molding a gas hydrate pellet for improving convenience of handling of a natural gas hydrate during transportation and storage, and thereby improving the practical use of the natural gas hydrate. Gas hydrate slurry is fed in a compression chamber, and pressure and compression are applied to the gas hydrate slurry by advancing a compression plunger. At that time, a stroking speed of the compression plunger is set minimum, preferably less than a value expressed by a stroke length of the compression plunger at compression×10?2 (m/min. By advancing the compression plunger at low speed, binding between particles of the gas hydrate is tightened, thereby the gas hydrate pellet with increased shearing strength can be molded.

Abstract: A method is for molding a gas hydrate pellet for improving convenience of handling of a natural gas hydrate during transportation and storage, and thereby improving the practical use of the natural gas hydrate. Gas hydrate slurry is fed in a compression chamber, and pressure and compression are applied to the gas hydrate slurry by advancing a compression plunger. At that time, a stroking speed of the compression plunger is set minimum, preferably less than a value expressed by a stroke length of the compression plunger at compression×10?2 (m/min). By advancing the compression plunger at low speed, binding between particles of the gas hydrate is tightened, thereby the gas hydrate pellet with increased shearing strength can be molded.

Abstract: An improved method for underwater reclamation is disclosed. Dredged mud sent under pressure by an earth and sand conveying device is treated with solidifying material, and before it is solidified, it is directly fed to an underwater reclaiming apparatus. The treated mud is fed through a discharge port of the underwater reclaiming apparatus, while the discharge port is always maintained embedded at a constant depth in a previously deposited underwater reclamation mud layer at the bottom of the water. An apparatus for underwater reclamation that is suitable for practicing the improved method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An optical molding method includes the step of radiating a light flux onto a photocurable fluid substance while moving the light flux in such a manner as to draw a section of a target object so as to cure the irradiated portion. A plurality of light fluxes having different diameters is used in such a manner that only a light flux having a large diameter, or both a light flux having a large diameter and a light flux having a small diameter are used for a section having a thickness larger than the diameter of the light flux having a large diameter, while only a light flux having a small diameter is used for a section having a thickness smaller than the diameter of the light flux having a large diameter.

Abstract: In one method, a base for supporting a cured object is brought into close contact with or close to an aperture of a container so as to remove the bubbles therebetween. When one layer is formed, parts of the layer may be successively formed, wherein the base is moved back and forth to separate each part. Also, the aperture or container with the aperture may be inclined relative to the base to separate the layer from the aperture.

Abstract: A device for preventing abnormal flow of gas fuel from a gas fuel injector of a diesel engine. The device has a pipe for supplying a pressurized gas fuel, a fuel injector including a passage connected to the pipe and leading to fuel injection nozzle ports, and a fuel cut-off valve means adapted to close the gas fuel passage upon detection of a reduction of the fuel pressure in the fuel passage. Any abnormal supply of fuel due to stick of the fuel injector is prevented so as to avoid any risk of explosion which otherwise may be caused by the abnormal supply of the gas fuel.

Abstract: An improved fluidizing apparatus includes a gas distribution plate which is supported by support means located below the level of the gas distribution plate. The support means comprises beam members extending across the interior of the vessel and a number of rods standing upright on the beam members, with the gas distribution plate placed on the uppermost ends of the rods. The support means can also include annular members made integral with the beam members and/or a projection or projections projecting inward from the inner wall surface of the vessel. A number of rods can stand upright on the annular members.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semi-submerged ship comprising at least two lower hulls always located below the surface of water and arranged substantially in parallel to each other with respect to the direction of advance, struts mounted substantially vertically on the upper portion of each of all or at least two of the lower hulls along almost the entire length thereof and an upper hull supported by these struts and always located above the surface of water. In this semi-submerged ship, at least one opening is formed on each strut wherein the height of the opening is less than the height of the strut and a water-tight seal is formed between this opening and the interior of the strut. This ship is arranged so that the draft line of the ship is located on the openings of the struts while the ship is stopped. This semi-submerged ship is effectively used as a passenger ship, a cargo ship, a floating factory ship or the like and is especially suitable for stevedoring while stopping the ship in the wavy sea.

Abstract: An oscillator actuated hydraulic impulse of the type including a spool valve actuated by an alternating signal from an oscillator to switch the hydraulic pressure in a double acting cylinder in order to cause reciprocating motion of a piston which strikes a boring tool. The hydraulic impulse device further includes a means for controlling the transition from the impulse stroke to the return stroke of the piston. In some embodiments, the hydraulic impulse device may further include a means for varying the duration of the impulse stroke and the return stroke of the piston.

Abstract: A method for mounting a ring-shaped construction on a ship stern in front of a propeller which comprises fixing a plurality of pieces at a predetermined distance along a periphery of a ring-shaped construction, marking the points respectively on a plurality of said pieces which are located in a same distance from the center of said ring-shaped construction, and mounting said ring-shaped construction to said ship stern. In this process, centering so that the circular locus of the beam emitted from a projector being rotated around the rotating axis of a propeller passes over said marked points of a plurality of pieces fixed to said ring-shaped construction, the settling position of said ring-shaped construction is adjusted.

Abstract: An artificial island for installing oil drilling equipment in ice covered sea areas, comprising barricades against ice which surround oil drilling equipment installed in ice covered sea-water and whose respective top portions are projected above the surface of the sea-water, means provided at the bottom portions of the barricades so as to fix them to the sea-bottom, and inclined ice breaking walls provided at the outer sides of the barricades.

Abstract: A catalytic reactor for reducing nitrogen oxide (NO.sub.x) contained in exhaust gas under the presence of ammonia is provided, wherein tubular catalyst units each being a ring shape in cross-section are disposed in spaced apart relationship from one another in the cross-section of the flow path of the exhaust gas in a manner that tubular axes thereof are in parallel with the direction of gas flow within a reaction vessel through which the exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxide (NO.sub.x) and ammonia flows, said catalyst units each being secured to the interior of the reaction vessel at least as two points in the longitudinal direction by support means.

Abstract: A working platform for oil drilling operations in ice covered sea areas, which essentially comprises oil drillig equipment, an oil drilling pipe connecting the oil drilling equipment to the sea bottom, and a floating frame having a buoyancy and a strength enough to stand the pressure of an ice covering and being movable in accordance with movement of ice covering; the floating frame is disposed surrounding such a surface area of the ice covered sea as lying around the oil drilling pipe, whereby the pipe is protected by the floating frame against action of the pressure of ice covering during oil drilling operations.

Abstract: A high-speed bevel gear transmission system for transmitting power from an input shaft to a pair of parallel outputs shafts the axes of which intersect each other. The input shaft has a pair of driving bevel gears which are fixedly mounted thereon such that the driving bevel gears face in opposite directions and which have the same number and size of teeth spirally arranged in the opposite directions each other. The output shafts are supported on angular contact ball bearings and have two driven bevel gears fixedly mounted thereon which are engaged with the driving bevel gears. The speed transmission ratio of the output shafts to the input shaft is 1.45:1 to 0.476:0.1, the relation between a pressure angle .alpha. and helix angle .beta. of the driving bevel gears and driven bevel gears, and a pitch cone angle .delta. of the driven bevel gears are defined by the formula, R=[(tan.alpha..multidot.sin .delta.)/cos .beta.]-tan.beta..multidot. cos .delta. when 0.324.ltoreq.R.ltoreq.0.1.

Abstract: A process for the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons by feeding them into a line together with a fused salt, which comprises: feeding a fused salt mixed with steam into a reaction tube of a thermal cracking furnace of external heating type and further feeding raw hydrocarbons mixed with steam into said reaction tube to thermally crack the raw hydrocarbons; quenching the resulting fluid mixture of the cracking products, fused salt and steam in a quenching device, then dividing the fluid mixture into the fused salt and a gaseous substance, removing sludge and, if necessary, sulfur compounds from thus separated fused salt and recirculating the fused salt to the reaction tube and the quenching device; and dividing thus separated gaseous substance into an oil containing coke, tarry substances and fused salt mist and the intended cracking gas, and subjecting the oil to treatment with steam to convert the coke and tarry substance in the oil into water gas or to partial burning treatment with air or oxygen to divide th

Abstract: An axial-flow turbine which is driven by a working fluid which contains dust and moisture is disclosed. The turbine has stator blade means and rotor blade means, and a working fluid exit angle of a first-stage stator blade means is smaller than that of the second-stage stator blade, wherein the absolute exit velocity of the working fluid from the first stage stator blade means is smaller than that of the second stage stator blade means, whereby the flow of the working fluid has the same directional vortical flow with the turbine shaft as the axis of the vortex and dust fouling is checked particularly in connection with the first-stage stator blade means.

Abstract: Hydrocarbons are cracked in the presence of a mist of molten salt containing of basic compounds of alkali and alkaline earth metals and mixtures thereof, the amount of the molten salt to hydrocarbon being, by weight, from 0.01:1 to 10:1 followed by quenching at a temperature not lower than the melting point of the molten salt, and separating the cracked gas from the molten salt.

Abstract: A water collecting and distributing apparatus capable of collecting filtrate, distributing raw water, supplying back wash water and dispersing scouring air, which is disposed in a lower portion of a high speed filter basin, is disclosed. This apparatus comprises a plurality of blocks regularly arranged in the bottom portion of the filter basin, each block having a flow passage for air and water in the central portion thereof and a water dispersing chamber located adjacent to the flow passage. A communication hole is formed in a partition wall between the flow passage and the water dispersing chamber, and an injection hole is formed in each of the top wall of the flow passage and the top wall of the water dispersing chamber. The numbers and diameters of the communication holes and injection holes in the blocks and positions of these holes are arranged so that a certain relation is established among them. In each block, the flow passage is formed to have a trapezoidal sectional shape.

Abstract: Disclosed are ice-breaking units for ships adapted to be installed at the bow and/or bottom portion of the ship's hull, consisting of two ice-breaking units each of which can be reversibly driven independently of each other, for performing ice-breaking and/or propulsion of the ship. The ice-breaking unit has a screw-like body having a spiral blade wound thereabout. The ice-breaking units may be disposed at the bow portion, at both sides of the longitudinal center line of the ship, in parallel with or normal to the latter, or may be arranged to have a propulsion portion and an ice-breaking portion, respectively. The two screw-like bodies may be driven simultaneously in the same direction or reversed, or may be rotated in the opposite directions, to provide thrusts to move the ship in any direction of ahead/astern and port/starboard.