Abstract: Wear resisting steel, a sliding member for a cylinder in an internal combustion engine, and a ring spring consist of: carbon: equal to or less than 2.2% by weight; silicon: equal to or less than 1.2% by weight; manganese: equal to or more than 0.2 % by weight and less than 1.20% by weight; chromium: equal to or less than 16% by weight; phosphorus: equal to or less than 0.08% by weight; sulfur: equal to or more than 0.15% by weight; other compositions: equal to or less than 2.0 % by weiht; and the balance substantially consisting of iron. The surfaces thereof may be sulphurized. The steel has excellent resistance to wear and scuffing, provides high strength, great elongation, and high toughness, and also provides good machinability.

Abstract: A sensor detects the presence or the absence of an obstacle by radiating a laser beam to the outside of a casing through a light projecting mirror and by letting the reflected light from an obstacle enter a light receiving element through a light receiving mirror. A light projecting window with a light projecting mirror positioned and a light receiving window with a light receiving mirror are positioned in the casing with a space therebetween to prevent reflected light from directly entering the light projecting window. The mirrors are attached to a rotation shaft of a motor, or rotation shafts of motors, synchronously rotatable provided between both mirrors. The optical axis of light radiated to the outside of the casing is set to face in a higher direction than horizontal to radiate in a cone-shaped form.

Abstract: CMPO is safely, reliably and rapidly decomposed under mild conditions. A CMPO-containing substance is emulsified in an electrolyte comprising an oxidation promoter (silver ion) by an emulsifier in an emulsifying tank, this electrolyte comprising the CMPO-containing substance is supplied to an anode chamber, and an electrolytic oxidation reaction is performed by passing an electric current. By emulsifying the CMPO-containing substance, the surface area of CMPO in contact with electrolyte is increased, and electrolytic decomposition is thereby promoted. As sufficient CMPO decomposition is not obtained by passing the emulsion only once through an electrolysis tank 1, a batch oxidation method is employed wherein an anolyte is recirculated by a recirculating pump 3a through the anode chamber, a constant temperature bath 7a and an emulsifying tank 6, so that electrolysis is performed with the CMPO-containing substance permanently emulsified in the electrolyte.

Abstract: The condensed water, as condensed by applying the VRC to a regeneration process, and the strong solution, as fed out of a regenerator, are employed as a heat source to preheat a weak solution so that the preheating amount of the weak solution is increased to improve the performance coefficient of a heat pump.

Abstract: In a method for thermally reforming an emulsion, comprising removing water and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt contained in an oil-in-water type emulsion of a tarry material or a heavy fuel oil (e.g., ORINOCO BITUMEN), sulfuric acid is added, in an amount of preferably 0.05% to 1.0% by weight based on the emulsion, to the emulsion, the mixture is allowed to stand at such a temperature as to give a difference in density between separated water and heavy fuel oil, preferably for 10 min or more, to permit oil-water separation, and the separated oil phase is withdrawn. When the tarry material is ORINOCO BITUMEN, an emulsion made of ORINOCO BITUMEN is thermochemically reformed by adding 0.1 to 0.4% by weight of sulfuric acid to ORINOCO BITUMEN, allowing the mixture to stand under pressure at a temperature of 170.degree. to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A circular nozzle disposed in front of a propeller of a ship has a leading edge thereof which divided an upper leading edge and a lower leading edge. The upper leading edge approaches progressively the propeller disc toward the lower part thereof, the angle of inclination of the upper leading edge and that of the lower leading edge become different, with the junction part at which the upper and lower leading edges meet being the border, and the junction is positioned in the proximity of a horizontal plane including the axis line of the propeller shaft.

Abstract: A thermal dechlorinating apparatus for collected ash, having a vertically elongated cylindrical apparatus body, a collected ash inlet and a collected ash outlet which are provided on the apparatus body and spaced in a vertical direction thereof, an inlet port for heated air provided on the portion of the apparatus body between the inlet and the outlet, an exhaust gas outlet provided on the portion of the apparatus body above the collected ash inlet, a rotary shaft provided along the axial direction of the apparatus body, a screw provided on the rotary shaft, and heating means provided on the portion of the apparatus body between the collected ash inlet and the collected ash outlet. Heated air is led into the apparatus body through the heated air inlet port. A stirred fluidized layer is formed in the portion of the apparatus body above the heated air inlet port, and a moving layer is formed below the heated air inlet port.

Abstract: In a semi-submerged catamaran comprising at least two submerged bodies, struts mounted in a standing position on respective submerged bodies and a hull part supported by the struts above the water surface, motion preventing fins are fixed in a submerged part on the bow side and/or in a submerged part on the stern side of the catamaran.

Abstract: The guide device for craning a container has guides so arranged that they can be moved vertically by a raising/lowering device mounted on the spreader body and can be positioned at the corners of the spreader. The guides are lowered by the raising/lowering device and secured to the bottom corners of the container held by the spreader. Then the spread parts of the guides project from the lower end of the container to secure the spreader to the container. The structure of the spreader is simple and the weight is light.

Abstract: A membrane for liquid mixture separation is composed of an A-type zeolite film deposited on a porous support after seed crystals are held on a surface of the support.

Abstract: An object dimension measuring apparatus consists of: a CCD camera mounted on an X- and a Y-axis table with its optical axis aligned with a Z-axis; a specimen table containing a light source and having its specimen mounting surface formed transparent; a light diffusion plate mounted on the specimen; and a computer. Using the CAD data, the computer moves the CCD camera. From the measured values obtained from the photographed images of the end portions of the specimen and from the distance traveled by the CCD camera, the computer calculates the dimensions of the specimen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of reducing the fluid friction drag of ships and fluid transport channels and prevent contamination and corrosion of a structure having an immersed portion. The method of forming an air layer over an immersed surface of a structure having an immersed portion, comprising the steps of: covering the immersed surface of a structure (hull 1) having an immersed portion with a coating layer 3, which has depressions 6 and projections 7 at the surface thereof and which has at least vertices 7' of the projections 7 formed of a water-repellent material 8; and supplying air a to the surface 10 of the coating layer to form an air film 12 between the coating surface 10 and water 13.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for nondestructively detecting a flaw such as a hairline crack or defect within a conductive object to be inspected. Surface flaws can be distinguished from deep flaws. The pulse duration of the pulse voltage induced in the secondary coil of a sensor is measured at two separate time instances. At one time instance, the pulse duration is affected by variations in the distance between the sensor and the object but is not affected by the flaw. At the other time instance the pulse duration is affected by said variations and also by the flaw. The effect of said variations is cancelled, using these two measured pulse durations. Only a signal correctly indicating the flaw is extracted to detect the presence of the flaw.

Abstract: A vibration-damping alloy having excellent vibration-damping properties, high strength, and excellent workability and weldability has the composition defined by a triangle formed by connecting points A (89% by weight of M, 0.2% by weight of Ni, and 10.8% by weight of Mn), B (75% by weight of M, 15% by weight of Ni, and 10% by weight of Mn), and C (75% by weight of M, 0.2% by weight of Ni, and 24.8% by weight of Mn) in a triangular diagram showing the proportions of M, Ni and Mn in FIG. 1. M consists of Fe and Si, Fe and P, Fe and Al, Fe, Nb and C, Fe and Cu, Fe, Mo and C, or Fe, Ti and C.

Abstract: A device for remotely controlling a multi-axial device has: an arm on which an operator's arm is set; a handle connected to front end of the arm; and joints for the arm and the handle. By the operation of the operator's arm and hand set on the arm and handle, the arm can be extended and horizontally and vertically pivoted, and the handle can be horizontally and vertically pivoted and, preferably, rolled as well. The arm portion outputs operational changes with respect to three axes of the horizontal rotation, the vertical rotation and the extending movement. The arm front portion outputs operational changes with respect to the three axes of the horizontal, vertical and rolling rotations. Thus, the number of axes employed in the master can be increased to detect a variety of movements thereof. The operational directions of the joy stick agree with the directions of the three rectangular coordinate axes. Thus, the device provides three-dimensional data regarding position and angle.

Abstract: The guide device for craning a container has guides so arranged that they can be moved vertically by a raising/lowering device mounted on the spreader body and can be positioned at the corners of the spreader. The guides are lowered by the raising/lowering device and secured to the bottom corners of the container held by the spreader. Then the spreaded parts of the guides project from the lower end of the container to secure the spreader to the container. The structure of the spreader is simple and the weight is light.

Abstract: A load balancer adapted to set the load of an article to substantially zero by utilizing an air pressure, and provided with a balance cylinder unit consisting of air brakes, a balance cylinder and a weight sensing cylinder. This balance cylinder unit is formed by arranging the balance cylinder and weight sensing cylinder on the same axis, and air brakes on both sides of the balance cylinder.

Abstract: A method of burning a combustible solid residue from a chemical plant, which comprises feeding a slurry of combustible solid residues in an oil, the amount of the oil being at least 0.5 part by weight per part by weight of the combustible solid residues, into a burner in a combustion furnace comprised of a main combustion chamber having the burner in its arch, a secondary combustion chamber formed in the lower portion of the main combustion chamber, and a flue gas duct provided beneath and following the secondary combustion chamber, burning the residue in the main combustion chamber, conducting the combustion gas into the secondary combustion chamber, and allowing it to reside at a temperature 800.degree. to 1000.degree. C. for at least 0.5 second.

Abstract: A road void search radar system includes a rotary encoder, a radar controller, an analyzer, and a recording unit. The rotary encoder generates a pulse signal having a period corresponding to a predetermined distance interval traveled by a vehicle. The radar controller outputs a wave every time the pulse signal is supplied from the rotary encoder. The analyzer analyzes an underground state by processing the output signal received from the radar controller. The recording unit records digital data signals and analyzes results.

Abstract: An improved method for underwater reclamation is disclosed. Dredged mud sent under pressure by an earth and sand conveying device is treated with solidifying material, and before it is solidified, it is directly fed to an underwater reclaiming apparatus. The treated mud is fed through a discharge port of the underwater reclaiming apparatus, while the discharge port is always maintained embedded at a constant depth in a previously deposited underwater reclamation mud layer at the bottom of the water. An apparatus for underwater reclamation that is suitable for practicing the improved method is also disclosed.