Abstract: The present invention relates to a graphite particle and a carbon-graphite composite particle both suitable for use in electrode for lithium ion secondary battery, as well as to processes for producing these particles. The graphite particle of the present invention has an average particle diameter of 5 to 50 ?m, wherein one or more recesses having a depth of 0.1 to 10 ?m are formed in the surface. The graphite particle is produced by a mixing step for mixing raw material graphite particles and recess-forming particles, a press molding step for press-molding the mixture composed of the raw material graphite particles and the recess-forming particles to obtain a molded article, a pulverization step for pulverizing the molded article, and a separation step for separating and removing the recess-forming particles from the pulverized molded article.

Abstract: Graphite particles having a bent laminate structure inside each particle are produced by feeding, into an impact grinder, graphite particles having an average particle diameter of 5 mm or less together with a gas current to apply an impact to the graphite particles to form, by a compression force, a bent laminate structure inside each graphite particle. The resulting graphite particles have an average particle diameter of 100 ?m or less, are low in anisotropy, have a nearly spherical shape, and are highly crystalline.

Abstract: An anode material for lithium secondary battery, which comprises graphite particles and a crystalline carbon coating layer formed thereon, wherein each graphite particle has a bent laminate structure inside, is produced by grinding a graphite of 5 mm or less in average particle diameter using an impact grinder to produce graphite particles of 100 ?m or less in average particle diameter having a bent laminate structure inside each particle and then subjecting the graphite particles to chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed type reaction furnace to form a crystalline carbon coating layer on the graphite particles.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a composite material for anode of lithium secondary battery, comprising: a porous particle nucleus formed by bonding of at least silicon-containing particles and carbon-containing particles, and a carbon-made covering layer formed thereon; and a process for producing such a composite material. The composite material has an average particle diameter of preferably 0.1 to 50 &mgr;m and a specific surface area of preferably 5 m2/g or less. In the composite material, the silicon content in the porous particle nucleus is 10 to 90% by mass.

Abstract: Graphite particles having a bent laminate structure inside each particle are produced by feeding, into an impact grinder, graphite particles having an average particle diameter of 5 mm or less together with a gas current to apply an impact to the graphite particles to form, by a compression force, a bent laminate structure inside each graphite particle. The resulting graphite particles have an average particle diameter of 100 &mgr;m or less, are low in anisotropy, have a nearly spherical shape, and are highly crystalline.

Abstract: An anode material for lithium secondary battery, which comprises graphite particles and a crystalline carbon coating layer formed thereon, wherein each graphite particle has a bent laminate structure inside, is produced by grinding a graphite of 5 mm or less in average particle diameter using an impact grinder to produce graphite particles of 100 &mgr;m or less in average particle diameter having a bent laminate structure inside each particle and then subjecting the graphite particles to chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed type reaction furnace to form a crystalline carbon coating layer on the graphite particles.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there are disclosed: a process for producing an anode material for lithium secondary battery, comprising graphite particles and a crystalline carbon layer covering the whole surfaces of the graphite particles, wherein the whole surfaces of the graphite particles are covered with a carbon layer in a state that the surfaces of the graphite particles and the carbon 002 plane of the carbon layer are parallel, which process comprises subjecting graphite particles to a treatment for chemical vapor deposition in a fluidized bed type reactor at 900 to 1,200° C., using a mixed gas consisting of an organic substance gas and an inert gas, the molar concentration of the organic substance gas in the mixed gas being 2 to 50%; and an anode material for lithium secondary battery, produced by the above process.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a composite material for anode of lithium secondary battery, comprising:

Abstract: The present invention discloses an anode material for lithium secondary battery, comprising a particulate core composed of a metal or semimetal capable of forming a lithium alloy and a carbon layer covering the surface of the particulate core; a lithium secondary battery using said anode material; and a method for discharging of said secondary battery.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of high-strength activated coke for desulfurization and denitrification. The process comprises forming a mixture of plural coals of different caking properties and a binder, said mixture containing said coal of higher caking property in an amount of 10-50 wt. %, subjecting the thus-formed mixture to oxidization treatment in an atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 1-18 vol. % and a temperature of 50.degree.-250.degree. C., subjecting the thus-treated mixture to carbonization treatment under conditions of an oxygen concentration not higher than 8 vol. %, a heating efficiency of 10.degree.-50.degree. C./min and a final temperature 600.degree.-900.degree. C., and then subjecting again the thus-carbonized mixture to oxidation treatment at an oxygen concentration of 3-18 vol. % and a temperature of 200.degree.-600.degree. C.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a novel NOx-decomposing catalyst and a denitrification method using the same. The feature thereof consists in an NOx-decomposing catalyst, in which vanadium oxide is supported on titanium oxide of anatase type, having a specific surface area of 100 to 250 m.sup.2 /g and micro pores of 15 to 25 .ANG. in pore diameter and 75 to 85 .ANG. in pore diameter respectively in an amount of at least 0.05 cc/g, and a method for the denitrification of a waste gas comprising contacting an NOx-containing waste gas with the above described catalyst in the presence of a reducing gas at a temperature of 100.degree. to 350.degree. C. An NOx-containing waste gas with coexistent catalyst-poisonous materials such as water, SOx, etc. can be treated in an effective manner at a relatively low temperature, e.g. 170.degree. C. or lower, at which no practical treatment can be carried out by the prior art method, without formation of N.sub.2 O as a by-product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a desulfurization and denitrification process by dry process, whereby a stable operation is rendered possible at a temperature of 100.degree. to 200.degree. C. with a high energy efficiency and without deterioration of a catalyst for a long time and any problem on by produced N.sub.2 O. This process comprises treating a waste gas containing SOx and NOx with catalyst-poisoning materials in an apparatus for mainly effecting desulfurization and then in an apparatus for mainly effecting denitrification, characterized by passing the waste gas through a desulfurization apparatus of moving bed type, in which a carbonaceous adsorbent is moved downward at a temperature of 100.degree. to 200.degree. C., adding ammonia to the waste gas at a temperature of 100.degree. to 200.degree. C., leaving the desulfurization apparatus, and then passing the waste gas through the low temperature denitrification apparatus, in which a catalyst of TiO.sub.2 -V.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: An agitating pulverizer which agitates an object and a binder charged into a tank and repeatedly granulates and pulverizes the object, thereby forming particulate matter with a desired particle size. The agitating pulverizer comprises a tank for allowing the object and the binder to be charged thereinto. A low-speed rotating member and a high-speed rotating member are provided at the central bottom portion of the tank and arranged to be rotatable in the directions opposite to each other. A lower agitating member is placed adjacent to the bottom of the tank and interconnected to the low-speed rotating member so as to push the object and the binder upward and also to draw them toward the center of the tank. An upper agitating member is interconnected to the high-speed rotating member and placed farther upward of the lower agitating member so as to push the object and the binder downward and upward, thereby applying shearing force and centrifugal force to the object.

Abstract: An improved process for producing a formed activated coke for simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification, which includes passing a ground coal through a tubular or cylindrical carbonization retort by using a hot gas stream, to subject the coal to preliminary carbonization to obtain a semi-coke, adding a caking agent to the semi-coke and forming the mixture, subjecting the formed material to carbonization to obtain a formed coke, and transferring the formed coke from the top to the bottom of a vertical multi-tubular retort of indirect heating and cooling (cooling is optional) type that includes a distribution section, a heating section, an activation section and a cooling section (the distribution section and the cooling section are optional) arranged in this order (the distribution section is at the top), to activate the formed coke.

Abstract: This invention relates to a production process of formed activated coke for SOx and NOx removal which is employed in treatment systems for various flue gases and the like.The formed activated coke for SOx and NOx removal obtained in accordance with the process of this invention has excellent pressure resistance, abrasion resistance and impact strength and also superb SOx- and NOx-removing ability, so that the coke is suitable for use in moving-bed, SOx and NOx- removing systems.The formed activated coke for SOx and NOx removal can of course show excellent SOx- and NOx-removing effects when employed in conventional SOx- and NOx-removing processes and, moreover, owing to its characteristic high NOx-removing ability, is suited for the removal of NOx from low-SOx flue gas of a fluidized-bed combustion boiler or cogeneration power plant.According to the process of this invention, dried, formed activated coke prepared from coal as a raw material is reacted with SO.sub.3 gas at 100.degree.-300.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sulfo-group-containing heat-resistant high-molecular material containing sulfo groups in an amount of not less than 1 wt. % in terms of sulfur content and having an ammonia adsorptivity of not less than 10 mg/g, formed by heat-treating at a temperature of 250.degree.-500.degree. C. a starting composition composed mainly of a sulfo-group-containing aromatic high-molecular compound which comprises unit constituents of an aromatic sulfonic acid compound or a salt thereof and is soluble in aqueous solvents, and a preparation process thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an alumina-base abrasion resistant material obtained by adding, as sintering agents, 0.5-4.0 parts by weight of each of TiO.sub.2 and CuO and 0.5-4.0 parts by weight of each of 3 or 4 oxides selected from the group consisting of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, MnO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2 and SiO.sub.2 to 100 parts of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 powder and then sintering the resultant raw batch.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the treatment of water-containing coal which comprises mixing the water-containing coal with a hydrocarbon oil having a specific gravity higher than that of water at temperatures in the range of 100.degree. to 350.degree. C.; heating the resulting mixture at a temperature in the range of 100.degree. to 350.degree. C. and a pressure not lower than the saturated vapor pressure of water at that temperature; and then allowing the heated mixture to settle at a temperature in the range of 100.degree. to 350.degree. C. and a pressure not lower than the saturated vapor pressure of water at that temperature, whereby an upper layer consisting of the water separated from the water-containing coal is formed on a lower layer consisting of the mixture of the dehydrated coal and the hydrocarbon oil.

Abstract: Coal is dissolved in a hydrocarbon solvent, heated and purged of insolubles to form various types of solvent purified coal having different degrees of depolymerization. These various types of solvent purified coal are then coked to yield a variety of green coke products. The solvent purified coal is useful as a raw material for needle-like green coke when the value of its (N+O+S)/C atomic ratio is less than 0.0445; for coarse mosaic green coke when the value is in the range of from 0.0445 to but excluding 0.0516; for mosaic green coke when the value is in the range of from 0.0516 to but excluding 0.0584; for fine mosaic green coke when the value is in the range of from 0.0584 to but excluding 0.0645; and for glassy green coke when the value is equal to or greater than 0.0645.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of solvent-refined coal useful as a starting material for micromosaic carbonaceous products and having an O/C atomic ratio of 0.040 to <0.046, or useful as a starting material for coarse mosaic carbonaceous products and having an O/C atomic ratio of 0.030 to <0.040 or useful as a starting material for needle like carbonaceous products and having an O/C atomic ratio of less than 0.030. The process comprises dissolving in a hydrocarbon solvent a coal intrinsically having an O/C atomic ratio of 0.030 to <0.055 or a coal pretreated with a solvent, under hydrogen pressure, so as to have an O/C atomic ratio of 0.030 to <0.055, and heating the resultant coal solution under a pressure of hydrogen for a period of time sufficient to form said solvent-refined coal.