Abstract: Quaternary ammonium compounds are provided which are useful in the treatment of substrates such as plastic materials and textile materials, both woven and nonwoven, from natural and synthetic fibers and mixtures thereof, to impart antistatic properties.A process is also provided for the preparation of such compounds, and for the treatment of substrates with such compounds.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium compounds are provided which are useful in the treatment of substrates such as plastic materials and textile materials, both woven and nonwoven, from natural and synthetic fibers and mixtures thereof, to impart antistatic properties.A process is also provided for the preparation of such compounds, and for the treatment of substrates with such compounds.

Abstract: Synthetic detergents of the ampholytic betaine type are provided, having a 2-hydroxy propylene ether group attached to the nitrogen atom of the betaine; the 2-hydroxy propylene ether group optionally can include a plurality of oxyalkylene units. The process for preparing these betaines easily and inexpensively involves reaction of an alcohol or hydroxy compound with epichlorohydrin to form the corresponding chloroglyceryl ether, which can be aminated and quaternized either in two stages, by reaction of a dialkyl amine and a straight or branched halogenated carboxylic acid, or in one stage by reaction of an amino acid. Detergent compositions containing these betaines are also provided.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing quaternary ammonium compounds which contain both cationic and nonionic hydrophilic groups in the molecule. Alkylene oxide is reacted with aliphatic alcohol in the presence of an alkali catalyst at an elevated temperature; the resulting alkoxyglycol alcohol or ether is reacted with epichlorohydrin, producing the corresponding chloroglyceryl or chlorohydroxypropylene ether; and this is then reacted with a secondary amine to produce the quaternary ammonium compound.