Abstract: A brushless permanent magnet DC motor for use in a traction drive system has power density and high efficiency. The motor includes a multiple turn, fast insertion, double wave winding which does not have distinct interconnection wires between the coils (the interconnections are part of the coils), and the end turns are distributed on both sides of the stator core so as to minimize the size of the end turns. The housing is part of the stator and has integral, radially extending, circumferentially spaced cooling fins so that there is no thermal gap, or thermal contact, resistance between separate housing and stator components. The motor includes bearings mounting a shaft of the rotor of the motor, and structures for positively maintaining the bearings concentric with the stator to provide optimized service life.

Abstract: A brushless and sensorless DC motor control assembly powers a low torque to inertia ratio device such as a gyroscope or centrifuge. The assembly includes a brushless and sensorless DC motor including a rotor and three phase coils, a motor control integrated circuit, a transistor power bridge connected to the phase coils, and a microprocessor connected between and to the motor control integrated circuit and the transistor power bridge. The microprocessor directly controls the power bridge during ramp up of the motor, and after ramp up disables the power bridge and activates the integrated circuit into a closed loop operating mode until the integrated circuit is synchronized with the motor. The microprocessor also verifies synchronization and then reactivates the power bridge to effectively control which phase of the motor is energized during continued operation.

Abstract: A brushless transversal-flux permanent magnet motor has a stator construction that forms a virtual bobbin, so that windings may be simply circumferentially wrapped around the stator, eliminating the need for winding insertion. The stator may be constructed of first and second core structures each having an elongated powdered iron pole piece central portion with end terminations, and integral with a tubular element also of powdered iron. Epoxy, or like non-magnetic material, fills in the volume between the pole piece end terminations to form a disc-shaped structure, the windings wrapping around the tubular elements. A discontinuity is provided on each pole piece and termination to allow start-up. The rotor may be a yoke having permanent magnet rings aligned with the pole pieces, and mounted for rotation by a shaft central of the tubular elements engaging bearings in the tubular elements.

Abstract: Electronic solid state circuitry is provided which takes the place of Hall-effect sensors in brushless DC motors, providing output signals substantially the same as those of Hall-effect sensors. The Hall-effect sensors in existing motors may be deactivated or removed and functionally replaced by the solid state circuit. The circuit may include a number of D flip flops and a NAND gate connected to a voltage controlled oscillator by a switch which is part of a start up circuit. A direction reverse circuit, a sampling logic circuit (to determine which phase is non-energized at a particular point in time), and a commutation error detector circuit are also preferably provided. New motors utilizing the circuitry have increased reliability and precise velocity regulation.

Abstract: Electronic solid state circuitry is provided which takes the place of Hall-effect sensors in brushless DC motors, providing output signals substantially the same as those of Hall-effect sensors. The Hall-effect sensors in existing motors may be deactivated or removed and functionally replaced by the solid state circuit. The circuit may include a number of D flip flops and a NAND gate connected to a voltage controlled oscillator by a switch which is part of a start up circuit. A direction reverse circuit, a sampling logic circuit (to determine which phase is non-energized at a particular point in time), and a commutation error detector circuit are also preferably provided. New motors utilizing the circuitry have increased reliability and precise velocity regulation.

Abstract: Electronic solid state circuitry is provided which takes the place of Hall-effect sensors in brushless DC motors, providing output signals substantially the same as those of Hall-effect sensors. The Hall-effect sensors in existing motors may be deactivated or removed and functionally replaced by the solid state circuit. The circuit may include a number of D flip flops and a NAND gate connected to a voltage controlled oscillator by a switch which is part of a start up circuit. A direction reverse circuit, a sampling logic circuit (to determine which phase is non-energized at a particular point in time), and a commutation error detector circuit are also preferably provided. New motors utilizing the circuitry have increased reliability and precise velocity regulation.

Abstract: A stator lamination allows the construction of a d.c. motor having minimum cogging torque and maximum horsepower. Each stator lamination comprises a ring of ferromagnetic material having a number of (e.g., eight) inwardly-extending integral teeth. Each tooth has a radially-inwardmost surface with side end terminations, the side end terminations of adjacent teeth being spaced from each other to define a first set of slots. A V-shaped radially-outwardly extending slot is formed in each of the radially-inwardmost surfaces between the side end terminations, to define a second set of slots (if eight teeth are provided, a total of sixteen slots are provided). The teeth have thin stems which may be wrapped with a large amount of copper wire material. The laminations are disposed in a concentric stack with each lamination skewed with respect to an adjacent lamination.

Abstract: A moving coil electrical meter mechanism has a substantially rectangular coil and a magnetic structure surrounding first, second and third sides of the coil and defining first, second and third magnetic flux filled air gaps containing magnetic fields so oriented that the forces exerted on the first, second and third sides of the coil are in the same direction. The rectangular coil is mounted to rotate under the influence of the magnetic fields around an axis adjacent to the fourth side of the coil, with the magnetic fields remaining orthogonal to the coil sides during rotation.