Abstract: The present invention describes a method of inhibiting inflammatory response by using a lipopolysaccharide of Parabacteroides goldsteinii. The lipopolysaccharide of Parabacteroides goldsteinii can effectively inhibit the immune responses caused by pathogenic lipopolysaccharides in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, macrophages, and/or B cells, and then can be effectively used to inhibit the inflammatory responses and the preparation of the related compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of improving the phenomenon of the glomerular sclerosis and mononuclear leukocyte infiltration around renal tissues, and increasing the renal function by administering the probiotic bacterium of a Parabacteroides goldsteinii to a subject in need to inhibit the occurrence of chronic kidney disease. The Parabacteroides goldsteinii can also effectively modulate the gene expression level of MCP-1, IL-1?, COL3A, COL6A1, ACAA2, PPAR-?, CPT1, and PGC-1? in kidney tissues to reduce kidney inflammation and renal fibrosis and enhance the mitochondria activity of kidney cells. Therefore, the Parabacteroides goldsteinii of the present invention can be utilized in pharmaceutical compositions for inhibiting or treating chronic kidney diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of improving the weight loss, the emphysema, the infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissues, the thickening of the tracheal wall, the lung fibrosis, and the abnormal lung function, which are caused by a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a probiotic bacterium Parabacteroides goldsteinii. The bacterium Parabacteroides goldsteinii can also modulate the expression level of genes involved in the lung fibrosis and the mitochondrial activity in lung tissue. The bacterium Parabacteroides goldsteinii can therefore be used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preventing or treating obesity by administering the probiotic bacterium of a novel Parabacteroides goldsteinii strain to the subject in need. The novel Parabacteroides goldsteinii strain is derived from the gastrointestinal tract of an individual and has better aero-tolerance and better acid-tolerance therefore it has better environmental tolerance to adapt to different living environments. The novel Parabacteroides goldsteinii strain not only can effectively prevent the weight gain of the individual, but also can effectively slow down the weight gain of the obese individual; therefore, the novel Parabacteroides goldsteinii strain of the present invention can be used for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for prevention and/or treating obesity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a use of Parabacteroides goldsteinii for treating lung cancer.