Abstract: An anode structure for a magnetron provides for low eddy currents and efficient water cooling. The anode structure may be made by machining a bimetal blank including an out layer of a first metal and an inner layer of a second metal and formed by explosion bonding. The second metal has a resistivity lower than first metal and a thermal conductivity higher than the first metal. The machining may result in the anode structure with vanes each having a center (tip) portion made of the second metal and the rest made of the first metal. The machined anode structure may be coated with the second metal.

Abstract: An anode structure for a magnetron provides for low eddy currents and efficient water cooling. The anode structure may be made by machining a bimetal blank including an out layer of a first metal and an inner layer of a second metal and formed by explosion bonding. The second metal has a resistivity lower than first metal and a thermal conductivity higher than the first metal. The machining may result in the anode structure with vanes each having a center (tip) portion made of the second metal and the rest made of the first metal. The machined anode structure may be coated with the second metal.

Abstract: A system for monitoring intensity of a particle beam can include one or more radio-frequency (RF) detectors coupled to a signal analyzer that can be placed outside the radiation field of the particle beam. Each RF detector can include a gas-filled RF cavity coupled to one or more gas-filled waveguides. The signal analyzer can self-calibrate before the particle beam is turned on for determining one or more absolute intensities of the particle beam when the particle beam is present.

Abstract: An anode structure for a magnetron provides for low eddy currents and efficient water cooling. The anode structure may be made by machining a bimetal blank including an out layer of a first metal and an inner layer of a second metal and formed by explosion bonding. The second metal has a resistivity lower than first metal and a thermal conductivity higher than the first metal. The machining may result in the anode structure with vanes each having a center (tip) portion made of the second metal and the rest made of the first metal. The machined anode structure may be coated with the second metal.

Abstract: A system uses one or more magnetrons to generate pulsed radio-frequency (RF) power, such as for powering an accelerating cavity. The one or more magnetrons each having a self-excitation threshold voltage and configured to operate with internal modulation using a pulsed RF input signal to produce the pulsed RF power when being powered by a direct-current power supply at a voltage level below the self-excitation threshold voltage.

Abstract: A system and method of operating a magnetron power source can achieve a broad range of output power control by operating a magnetron with its cathode voltage lower than that needed for free running oscillations (e.g., below the Kapitsa critical voltage or equivalently below the Hartree voltage) A sufficiently strong injection-locking signal enables the output power to be coherently generated and to be controlled over a broad power range by small changes in the cathode voltage. In one embodiment, the present system and method is used for a practical, single, frequency-locked 2-magnetron system design.

Abstract: A system uses one or more magnetrons to generate pulsed radio-frequency (RF) power, such as for powering an accelerating cavity. The one or more magnetrons each having a self-excitation threshold voltage and configured to operate with internal modulation using a pulsed RF input signal to produce the pulsed RF power when being powered by a direct-current power supply at a voltage level below the self-excitation threshold voltage.

Abstract: A system and method of operating a magnetron power source can achieve a broad range of output power control by operating a magnetron with its cathode voltage lower than that needed for free running oscillations (e.g., below the Kapitsa critical voltage or equivalently below the Hartree voltage) A sufficiently strong injection-locking signal enables the output power to be coherently generated and to be controlled over a broad power range by small changes in the cathode voltage. In one embodiment, the present system and method is used for a practical, single, frequency-locked 2-magnetron system design.

Abstract: A system and method of operating a magnetron power source can achieve a broad range of output power control by operating a magnetron with its cathode voltage lower than that needed for free running oscillations (e.g., below the Kapitsa critical voltage or equivalently below the Hartree voltage) A sufficiently strong injection-locking signal enables the output power to be coherently generated and to be controlled over a broad power range by small changes in the cathode voltage. In one embodiment, the present system and method is used for a practical, single, frequency-locked 2-magnetron system design.

Abstract: A method and electron linac system for production of radioisotopes is provided. The electron linac is an energy recovery linac (ERL) with an electron beam transmitted through a thin bremsstrahlung radiator. Isotopes are produced through bremsstrahlung photon interactions in an isotope production target that is spatially separated from the bremsstrahlung radiator. The electron beam does not pass through the isotope production target. The electron beam energy is recollected and reinjected into the linac accelerating structure. The reduction of material in the beam by removing the isotope production target and making the radiator thin is the essential aspect of the invention because large spreads in energy and transverse scattering angles caused by material in the beam preclude efficient energy recovery. The method described here can reduce the cost of energy to produce a quantity of radioisotope by more than a factor of 3 compared to a non-ERL bremsstrahlung method.

Abstract: A magnetron of improved performance capable of stabilizing the frequency and phase of magnetron output for use in particle accelerators and other applications. Thin variable-permeability blocks are attached inside the resonant anode structures of a standard magnetron design. A variable bias electromagnet, with field orthogonal in direction to the RF magnetic field, is used to vary the permeability of each block and therefore the resonant frequency of each anode structure. An electronic feedback control circuit adjusts the bias magnetic fields to lock in the frequency and phase of the magnetron output to an external low-level reference signal. Such devices may be used to provide synchronized high-power RF to many locations (e.g. the RF cavities of a particle accelerator), while requiring the distribution only of electrical power and an appropriate low-level RF reference signal.

Abstract: This discloses a device called a particle refrigerator that will reduce the emittance of a charged particle beam. The particle refrigerator device is particularly well-suited for beams of particles created by interactions or decays of other particles, such as anti-protons, pions, ions, and muons, which are inherently created with very large emittances. It is a compact and inexpensive device compared to other systems for the emittance reduction of such beams. This device works by injecting beam particles backwards into the device, using the particle turn-around to match an incoming beam into a frictional cooling channel; this increases the acceptance of that channel by perhaps a thousandfold, making it practical to produce beams of high intensity and brightness. The frictional cooling is very effective, and simulations of its operation and performance give emittance reduction factors exceeding 30,000, with transmissions as high as 70%.

Abstract: A system for accelerating particles includes an RF cavity that contains a ferrite core and a liquid dielectric. Characteristics of the ferrite core and the liquid dielectric, among other factors, determine the resonant frequency of the RF cavity. The liquid dielectric is circulated to cool the ferrite core during the operation of the system.