Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of a three-dimensional nonwoven, a manufacturing line for implementing this process and the resulting three-dimensional nonwoven product. Process characterized in that it consists in using a folding element (5) to apply, to an incoming web containing a proportion of thermoplastic fibers and/or filaments or fixing material, an initial fixing of the fold of the incoming web in the form of peaks and troughs, brought about by blades extending radially on ends of the folding element (5), this initial fixing being applied either by maintaining the folding element (5) itself at a set temperature, or by heating the incoming web. The invention is more particularly applicable to the textile industry, especially the manufacture of nonwovens.

Abstract: A method for making a textile product from a web of fibers and/or filaments moving in a feed direction. The method comprises a pre-looping step in which the fibers and/or filaments are individually transversely looped relative to the feed direction and optionally transversely stretched, whereafter they pile up in the form of a crimped pseudo-yarn in which the fibers and/or filaments are parallelized. Prior to the pre-looping step, the method comprises a crimping step in which the fibers and/or filaments are crimped with a spacing and a depth that are a multiple of the spacing and depth of the "crimp" formed in the pre-looping step.

Abstract: A process for breaking yarn during the automatic removal of bobbins from banks of spindles, permitting the operator to grip the end of the yarn at the base of the bobbin (1) and guaranteeing good retention of the yarn during handling of the bobbin (1), thereby avoiding premature unwinding. There is also provided a presser finger for practicing this process, comprising a blade (5) having upper and lower heels (6 and 7) respectively upwardly and downwardly inclined from the plane of the blade. The process comprises, at the end of winding, stopping winding at the lower portion of the bobbin (1), then forming a lower winding of several turns about the base of the bobbin (1) and specifically about the core of the bobbin, then rising and effecting a limited upper winding followed by a descent and breaking of the yarn below the upper portion of the bobbin (1). Specifically, the upper winding is of about one-half turn about the core above the yarn wound on the bobbin.

Abstract: Textile machinery comprising a card having a main swift and a member which is a working cylinder or a comb, juxtaposed to the main swift and having a shaft. The distance between the main swift and the shaft is adjustable by providing a support for the shaft, the support being mounted on and for movement relative to a frame of the card. A gauge holder against which the support is adapted to bear, has a plurality of rotated positions in each of which the gauge holder imparts to the support a different position, in each of which different positions the shaft is at a different distance from the main swift. A fluid pressure jack applies the support to the gauge holder. The gauge holder is rotated by a ratchet and pawl assembly actuated by another fluid pressure jack. The gauge holder has a plurality of gauges thereon radiating in different directions therefrom, those gauges being of different lengths and being selectively engageable with the support.

Abstract: A presser finger for banks of spindles, that has a slot (1) opening at one end in a hole (2) for passage of the yarn (6), closed at its other end and having a transverse cross section less than the thickness of the yarn. The slot can be wedge-shaped, or it can have parallel edges smoothly machined at acute angles.

Abstract: Device for cleaning Morel cylinders of a wool card, comprising a tool carrier (1) displaceable along the Morel cylinder (2). The tool carrier (1) is mounted on a carriage (3) displaceable on a tube (4), extending parallel to the axis of the Morel cylinder (2), and comprises at one end a cleaner (5) in the form of a semi-rigid self-cleaning covering and/or rigid steel blades and at its other end a counter-weight (6). The tool carrier (1) is mounted pivotally on the carriage (3) by a shaft (7) fixed on the carriage (3), and the cleaner is flexibly urged against the Morel cylinder (2) by the counter-weight (6). The upper surface of the cleaner (5) is turned toward the Morel cylinder (2) and coacts with the spiral winding of the covering of the Morel cylinder (2) such that the rotation of this latter gives rise to an axial displacement of the tool carrier (1) and of the cleaner (5).

Abstract: A wool card includes a rotatable Morel roller and first and second burr beaters rotatable relative to the Morel roller and relative to each other and spaced apart about the periphery of the Morel roller. The wool to be carded moves in one direction about the Morel roller and between the first burr beater and the Morel roller and then between the second burr beater and the Morel roller. The first burr beater turns at a lower speed than the second burr beater. The burr beaters have blades thereon which contact the wool to remove impurities from the wool. The number of blades on the first burr beater is less than the number of blades on the second burr beater.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a wool card applicable in the field of the textile industry. The card is characterized in that it is equipped with at least three Morel rollers (1), in that it does not have an intermediate comb and in that the tangential velocities of the feeder rollers (2) and the large drum (3) are equal, the reduction in speed of the fiber web between the large drum (3) and the following Morel roller (1) being relatively low.

Abstract: The combination of a rotatable spindle and a bobbin receivable on the spindle for winding fibers on the bobbin. The spindle has an upper free end, and on this upper free end there is an elastically deformable drive for the bobbin, comprising a circular array of spaced resilient spring leaves. The bobbin is hollow and has on its interior a correspondingly spaced series of recesses that receive the spring leaves so that rotation of the spindle is transmitted to the bobbin via the spring leaves and recesses. The spring leaves are secured to the spindle at their lower ends and extend upwardly and radially outwardly from their lower ends and terminate in free ends that extend upwardly and radially inwardly relative to the axis of rotation of the spindle.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for the automatic removal of bobbins from a bank of spindles. A transporting fork has a plurality of recesses for simultaneously handling a plurality of spindles. The transporting fork is movable in a vertical direction and in at least one horizontal direction parallel to a bank of spindles on a spindle carrying carriage. A cup is insertable over each spindle for the support and manipulation of bobbins. A conveyor evacuates full bobbins and supplies empty bobbins. The fork releasably retains a cup in each recess whereby each cup can be penetrated by and disengaged from the fork upon movement of the fork in a horizontal direction.

Abstract: A textile machine has a bank of spindles each provided with a flyer having a presser finger and a fork having a plurality of elongated teeth thereon for simultaneously removing full bobbins from the spindles and for supplying empty bobbins to the spindles. A safety device is provided for moving the presser fingers out of the paths of the empty bobbins as the empty bobbins are inserted into the flyers, comprising deformable elements extending longitudinally of the teeth of the fork. The presser fingers have members thereon so positioned as to be engaged by the deformable elements and to swing the presser fingers out of the paths of the empty bobbins when the empty bobbins are inserted into the flyers by movement of the fork in one direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a charger for feeding a carding machine with a nap of textile fibers as regularly as possible, characterized in that the receptacle apron (5) is continuously driven at variable speed controlled by the cell (7 ) for control of the thickness of the fiber mat (4) on the spiked apron (6), in that the receptacle (2) is also provided at its outlet, above the receptacle apron (5), with a screed (8) for regulation of the flow of fibers and in that a regulator drum (9) of variable speed coacts with the spiked apron (6) for the regulation of the mat of fibers carried thereon.

Abstract: Deflection members for threads, particularly for a hollow spindle machine. The members are movable in translation by a displacement device, from a first position, during normal functioning of the machine, in which each thread (2) is no longer in contact with the corresponding deflection member, and thus with the corresponding twisting device (3), to a second position during the phases of acceleration, deceleration and stoppage of the machine, in which each thread (2) is then applied by the deflection member (1) with which it is in contact, against the corresponding twisting device (3). The thread thus receives during only these three phases, the false tension necessary to impart to it at that time constant tension and winding independent of the speed of thread travel.

Abstract: A device, to be incorporated in a spinning frame and including supply rollers for the input of a sliver, a sliver control and drawing station for transforming said sliver into a yarn, and a yarn winding outlet station, comprises on the one hand, between the control and drawing station and the yarn winding outlet station, detector means for detecting the presence of the yarn, and, on the other hand, sensitive means responsive to said detector means for stopping the sliver feed by the supply rollers in case of absence of yarn as detected at the outlet.

Abstract: The device includes a rocker lever pivoted on a support and carrying at one end a first guiding surface for cooperating directly with the inner face of the backbone at at least one point and, at the other end, a pad pivoted on the rocking lever and having a second guiding surface spaced apart from the first surface and provided for cooperating directly with said inner face at at least two points.

Abstract: A device for applying a knot-shaped binding onto the end of a flexible tubular packing, particularly a pork-butchery article, characterized in that it comprises: a hollow mandrel for receiving the narrowed end of the packing, said mandrel being adapted for receiving on its cylindrical outer peripheral surface a previously prepared knot-shaped binding; a sliding push-piece adapted for sliding the binding over the mandrel for ejecting it therefrom and transferring it onto the narrowed end portion of the packing protruding from the mandrel; and suction means for the narrowed free end through the mandrel in order to stretch it axially during the application of the knot.

Abstract: The invention relates to the butchery industry.The machine comprises notably: a vertical splitting carrier mobile along a first column, a mobile horizontal carrier on the splitting vertical carrier, a splitting blade carried by the horizontal carrier, a resilient dorsal guide mobile on a second column, two horizontal arms for encompassing the animal to be slit, rigidly connected to the horizontal carrier and adapted for being connected to the dorsal carrier, and inner guiding means of the spine of the animal to be split, connected to the horizontal carrier.The invention is applicable to the splitting of butchery animals, notably pigs.

Abstract: The suspension device for a power-driven handtool such as a humane killer comprises a yoke having two arms pivotally mounted on two pivots whose common horizontal geometrical axis passes substantially through the center of gravity of the handtool unit. The apex of the yoke is constituted by a bow having the shape of a circular arc whose center is located at the center of gravity of the handtool. Said bow is supported by and capable of traveling on a roller which is freely rotatable on a spindle supported by two arms of a shackle, the central portion of which is attached to a suspension cable.

Abstract: The installation comprises substantially: a chopper for breaking up raw bones with meat still attached to them, an extraction tank containing an alcaline solution with a pH of the order of 10 to 12 for retaining the proteins, a precipitation tank for the proteins by supplying an acid solution bringing back the pH of the liquid phase to a value of the order of 6, and a separation device for the proteins using physical means such as centrifugation, filtration or decantation means.

Abstract: The pistol is so designed that the valve for controlling the forward stroke of the piston is applied directly against the open rear cylinder end which is surrounded by an annular chamber, the chamber being also open at the rear end and in communication with the inlet for connecting-up with the compressed air supply.