Abstract: Herein are provided tools and processes for extracting oil from subterranean formation. The processes can include lightening the oil in the formation prior to extraction by the addition of a nanogas solution. The tools include injectors for the formation of the nanogas solution within the subterranean formation.

Abstract: A process for separation of a slurry by radially injecting a stream of a nanogas solution at a shear-focus volume within a pipe; passing an aqueous slurry through the pipe along a direction of flow and through the shear-focus volume; and shearing and/or admixing the slurry with the nanogas solution within the shear-focus volume.

Abstract: A process for separation of a slurry by radially injecting a stream of a nanogas solution at a shear-focus volume within a pipe; passing an aqueous slurry through the pipe along a direction of flow and through the shear-focus volume; and shearing and/or admixing the slurry with the nanogas solution within the shear-focus volume.

Abstract: Herein is provided a process which includes hydraulically fracturing a subterranean formation with a fracking fluid that includes a nanobubble solution. Alternatively, herein is provide a process that includes hydraulically fracturing a subterranean formation that includes nanobubbles with a fracking fluid that may or may not include a nanobubbles.

Abstract: A system for stabilizing gas-infused liquid, includes a tubular flow path configured to receive and pass therethrough the gas-infused liquid under a pressure of at least 20 psi, wherein a surface of the flow path configured to engage the gas-infused liquid flowing through the flow path is formed of material having a surface roughness (Ra) in a range of 0.1 ?m-10.0 ?m, and the flow path has a length which is at least 100 times a mean inner diameter thereof.

Abstract: A machine and process for providing a gas liquid mixture are described. The process can include providing a pressurized fluid stream; and subjecting the fluid stream to a series of alternating flow regions that include a plurality of laminar flow regions and turbulent flow regions. The machine can include a flow path from a pressure vessel to an ejection point, where the flow path includes a plurality of alternating flow characteristic regions.

Abstract: Herein are provided tools and processes for extracting oil from subterranean formation. The processes can include lightening the oil in the formation prior to extraction by the addition of a nanogas solution. The tools include injectors for the formation of the nanogas solution within the subterranean formation.

Abstract: Herein are provided tools and processes for extracting oil from subterranean formation. The processes can include lightening the oil in the formation prior to extraction by the addition of a nanogas solution. The tools include injectors for the formation of the nanogas solution within the subterranean formation.

Abstract: A machine and process for providing a gas liquid mixture are described. The process can include providing a pressurized fluid stream that includes a mixture of a gas and a liquid; and subjecting the fluid stream to a series of alternating flow regions that include a plurality of laminar flow regions and turbulent flow regions. The machine can include a pressure vessel that includes, above a mid-line, a gas nozzle adapted for the addition of a gas to an interior volume of the pressure vessel and a liquid atomizer adapted for the addition of a liquid to the interior volume of the pressure vessel; below the mid-line, a fluid outlet positioned above a bottom of the pressure vessel and a clean-out port positioned at or adjacent to the bottom of the pressure vessel; and a means for determining a fluid level within the interior volume of the pressure vessel; and a flow path fluidly connected to the fluid outlet, the flow path including a plurality of alternating flow characteristic regions.

Abstract: A machine and process for providing a gas liquid mixture are described. The process can include providing a pressurized fluid stream that includes a mixture of a gas and a liquid; and subjecting the fluid stream to a series of alternating flow regions that include a plurality of laminar flow regions and turbulent flow regions. The machine can include a pressure vessel that includes, above a mid-line, a gas nozzle adapted for the addition of a gas to an interior volume of the pressure vessel and a liquid atomizer adapted for the addition of a liquid to the interior volume of the pressure vessel; below the mid-line, a fluid outlet positioned above a bottom of the pressure vessel and a clean-out port positioned at or adjacent to the bottom of the pressure vessel; and a means for determining a fluid level within the interior volume of the pressure vessel; and a flow path fluidly connected to the fluid outlet, the flow path including a plurality of alternating flow characteristic regions.