Abstract: Methods of manufacturing eyeglasses are provided. The method may include providing a blank (63) with an outcoupling element (25) and machining the blank to provide a light receiving surface based on the at least one physiological parameter. Corresponding blanks and sets of eyeglasses are also provided.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided including an intraocular device which is implanted entirely in an eye of a subject and includes photosensors which detect photons representing an image in a gaze direction of the subject, and stimulating electrodes which apply currents to the retina. The apparatus further includes an extraocular device including an imaging device which captures a wide-field image. The apparatus further includes processing circuitry which (i) receives the wide-field image from the imaging device of the extraocular device, (ii) receives a signal from the photosensors of the intraocular device, (iii) based on the signal from the photosensors, process the wide-field image from the imaging device to generate image data representative of a sub-portion of the wide-field image, and (iv) cause the electrodes to apply currents to the retina based on the image data. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided including an intraocular device which is implanted entirely in an eye of a subject and includes photosensors which detect photons representing an image in a gaze direction of the subject, and stimulating electrodes which apply currents to the retina. The apparatus further includes an extraocular device including an imaging device which captures a wide-field image. The apparatus further includes processing circuitry which (i) receives the wide-field image from the imaging device of the extraocular device, (ii) receives a signal from the photosensors of the intraocular device, (iii) based on the signal from the photosensors, process the wide-field image from the imaging device to generate image data representative of a sub-portion of the wide-field image, and (iv) cause the electrodes to apply currents to the retina based on the image data. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Volatile memory is described, comprising: (i) a first inverter comprising a first p-type field effect transistor (FET) connected to a first n-type FET; (ii) a second inverter comprising a second p-type FET connected to a second n-type FET; (iii) a third p-type FET; (iv) a fourth p-type FET; and (v) a floating line connecting (i) a source of the third p-type FET, and (ii) a source of the fourth p-type FET, wherein: (a) the first data line is connected to: a gate of the second p-type FET, a gate of the second n-type FET, a drain of the third p-type FET, and a gate of the fourth p-type FET, and (b) the second data line is connected to: a gate of the first p-type FET, a gate of the first n-type FET, a drain of the fourth p-type FET, and a gate of the third p-type FET.

Abstract: An external device is provided for use with an intraocular device configured to be implanted entirely in an eye of a subject. The external device includes a mount configured to be placed in front of the eye and a sensor coupled to the mount and configured to sense a level of ambient light. The external device additionally includes an external power source coupled to the mount and configured to (i) emit toward the eye non-visible light that is outside of 380-750 nm, and (ii) modulate the non-visible light based on the level of ambient light sensed by the sensor. Other application are also described.

Abstract: Intraocular apparatus is provided for be implantation entirely in a subject's eye. The intraocular apparatus includes a photosensor array including a plurality of photosensors configured to receive an ambient image, and a power source, for powering the apparatus. The intraocular apparatus additionally including a flexible 0.4-3 mm electrical connector, connecting the photosensor array to the power source. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: An external device is provided for use with an intraocular device configured to be implanted entirely in an eye of a subject. The external device includes a mount configured to be placed in front of the eye and a sensor coupled to the mount and configured to sense a level of ambient light. The external device additionally includes an external power source coupled to the mount and configured to (i) emit toward the eye non-visible light that is outside of 380-750 nm, and (ii) modulate the non-visible light based on the level of ambient light sensed by the sensor. Other application are also described.

Abstract: Power monitoring circuitry is provided, comprising a capacitor configured to receive a current, so as to charge the capacitor and a switching device, connected to the capacitor. The switching device is configured to periodically discharge the capacitor in response to receipt of a clock signal from a circuit being monitored. The power monitoring circuitry also comprises a comparator, configured to perform a comparison of a voltage developed by the capacitor with a threshold voltage, and to output an indication of a change in power supplied to the circuit in response to the comparison. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided, including an external device, including a mount, placed in front of an eye, and a laser which emits toward the eye radiation that is outside of 380-750 nm. The apparatus additionally includes an intraocular device which is implanted entirely in the eye, and includes an energy receiver, a plurality of stimulating electrodes, a plurality of photosensors, and driving circuitry coupled to the energy receiver and to the photosensors, and configured to drive the electrodes to apply currents to a retina of the eye in response to the signals from the photosensors. The photosensors are (a) generally insensitive to the energy from the laser, and (b) generally sensitive to visible light. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided having an intraocular device for implantation entirely in a subject's eye, the intraocular device including: a photosensor array having a plurality of photosensors, each photosensor detects ambient photons and generates a signal in response thereto. A spatial density of the photosensors in a central portion of the array is greater than a spatial density of the photosensors in an outer portion of the array. The intraocular device additionally includes a plurality of stimulating electrodes and driving circuitry coupled to the photosensors, and configured to drive the electrodes to apply electrical pulses to a retina of the eye in response to the signals from the photosensors. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided, including an external device, including a mount, placed in front of an eye, and a laser which emits toward the eye radiation that is outside of 380-750 nm. The apparatus additionally includes an intraocular device which is implanted entirely in the eye, and includes an energy receiver, a plurality of stimulating electrodes, a plurality of photosensors, and driving circuitry coupled to the energy receiver and to the photosensors, and configured to drive the electrodes to apply currents to a retina of the eye in response to the signals from the photosensors. The photosensors are (a) generally insensitive to the energy from the laser, and (b) generally sensitive to visible light. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Volatile memory is described, comprising: (i) a first inverter comprising a first p-type field effect transistor (FET) connected to a first n-type FET; (ii) a second inverter comprising a second p-type FET connected to a second n-type FET; (iii) a third p-type FET; (iv) a fourth p-type FET; and (v) a floating line connecting (i) a source of the third p-type FET, and (ii) a source of the fourth p-type FET, wherein: (a) the first data line is connected to: a gate of the second p-type FET, a gate of the second n-type FET, a drain of the third p-type FET, and a gate of the fourth p-type FET, and (b) the second data line is connected to: a gate of the first p-type FET, a gate of the first n-type FET, a drain of the fourth p-type FET, and a gate of the third p-type FET.

Abstract: An external device (20) includes a mount (22), which is placed in front of a subject's eye. A laser (24) is coupled to the mount (22) and emits radiation (26) that is outside of 380-750 nm. A partially-transparent mirror (23) is coupled to the mount (22). An intraocular device (30) is implanted entirely in the subject's eye, and includes a plurality of stimulating electrodes (38), and an energy receiver (32), which receives the radiation (26) from the laser (24) and generates a voltage drop. A plurality of photosensors (34) detect photons (33) and generate a signal. Driving circuitry (36) is coupled to the energy receiver (32) and to the photosensors (34), and receives the signals from the photosensors (34) and utilizes the voltage drop to drive the electrodes (38) to apply currents to the retina in response to the signals from the photosensors (34). Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus for use with an external non-visible light source is provided. The apparatus comprises an intraocular device configured for implantation in a human eye, and comprising an energy receiver. The energy receiver is configured to receive light emitted from the external non-visible light source, and extract energy from the emitted light for powering the intraocular device. The intraocular device is configured to regulate a parameter of operation of the intraocular device based on a modulation of the light emitted by the external non-visible light source and received by the energy receiver. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A medical device includes an array of electrodes, configured for implantation in contact with tissue in an eye of a living subject. Driver circuitry is configured to drive the electrodes in an alternating pattern, such that different groups of the electrodes are driven to stimulate the tissue during different, predetermined respective time periods. A power sensor, may be coupled to deactivate a first group of the electrodes when the available electrical power drops below a predetermined threshold, while a second group of the electrodes remains active. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided having an intraocular device for implantation entirely in a subject's eye, the intraocular device including: a photosensor array having a plurality of photosensors, each photosensor detects ambient photons and generates a signal in response thereto. A spatial density of the photosensors in a central portion of the array is greater than a spatial density of the photosensors in an outer portion of the array. The intraocular device additionally includes a plurality of stimulating electrodes and driving circuitry coupled to the photosensors, and configured to drive the electrodes to apply electrical pulses to a retina of the eye in response to the signals from the photosensors. Other applications are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus for use with an external non-visible light source is provided. The apparatus comprises an intraocular device configured for implantation in a human eye, and comprising an energy receiver. The energy receiver is configured to receive light emitted from the external non-visible light source, and extract energy from the emitted light for powering the intraocular device. The intraocular device is configured to regulate a parameter of operation of the intraocular device based on a modulation of the light emitted by the external non-visible light source and received by the energy receiver. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Power monitoring circuitry is provided, comprising a capacitor configured to receive a current, so as to charge the capacitor and a switching device, connected to the capacitor. The switching device is configured to periodically discharge the capacitor in response to receipt of a clock signal from a circuit being monitored. The power monitoring circuitry also comprises a comparator, configured to perform a comparison of a voltage developed by the capacitor with a threshold voltage, and to output an indication of a change in power supplied to the circuit in response to the comparison. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Apparatus configured for implantation in a body of a subject is provided. The apparatus includes a support substrate, and at least 500 electrodes protruding at least 50 um from the support substrate, each electrode having (a) a distal tip, (b) an electrically-exposed tip portion, and (c) a cross-section of 50-1500 um2, 20 um from the distal tip. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: A medical device includes an array of electrodes, configured for implantation in contact with tissue in an eye of a living subject. Driver circuitry is configured to drive the electrodes in an alternating pattern, such that different groups of the electrodes are driven to stimulate the tissue during different, predetermined respective time periods. A power sensor, may be coupled to deactivate a first group of the electrodes when the available electrical power drops below a predetermined threshold, while a second group of the electrodes remains active. Other embodiments are also described.