Abstract: A method of treating cancer in a human uses x-rays to disrupt a linkage in a complex of a chemotherapeutic agent and a carrier compound comprising a pre-selected element. The complex is administered to the human and then a localized region of cells which contains the cancerous cells is irradiated with line emission x-rays of an energy selected to cause emission of Auger electrons from the pre-selected element of the carrier compound to disrupt the linkage and release the chemotherapeutic agent near the cancer cells. A kit useful for the treatment comprises an x-ray tube capable of emitting monochromatic line emission x-rays and the complex compound. A transfer compound useful in the method comprises a chemotherapeutic agent linked to a carrier compound.

Abstract: Cement compositions and methods for making cement compositions are provided. The cement compositions can comprise at least one oxide having a particle size of less than about 600 nm.

Abstract: A method for forming porous ceramic objects is provided, in which a suspension of ceramic precursor particles in a solution of gelatin is allowed to gel in the desired shape, and is then dried and sintered to the desired level of porosity.

Abstract: Solder compositions and methods of forming solders are provided. The solder compositions exhibit desirable melting characteristics. In addition, the solder compositions may be useful in joining heat sensitive components such as sensors, system-in-package, memory, and MEMS devices.

Abstract: Treated articles are provided. The treated articles may have at least one functional particle in a substrate and at least one blocking material. The blocking material inhibits the release of the at least one functional particle from the substrate. Methods of treating articles are further provided.

Abstract: The invention concerns the synthesis of nanotubes and nanocarpets by the spontaneous self-assembly of single chain achiral diacetylenes The monomer units may be cross-linked by UV irradiation to form stable supramolecular assemblies. The nanotubes of the invention, which are remarkably homogeneous in length and diameter, exhibit chromogenic and antibacterial properties.

Abstract: The invention is directed, in part, to stable compositions of suspended carbon nanotubes, methods of making them, and uses thereof. The invention provides methods of producing high and low concentrations of highly dispersed carbon nanotubes suspended in a liquid. The carbon nanotube suspensions are of use in generating products with improved strength, weight, strength to weight ratio, electrical and thermal versatility, radiation shielding, capacitance, dielectric properties, selective ion flow, catalytic activity and biological applications. The invention provides for industrial processing of materials comprising carbon nanotubes such as, but not limited to, fibers, films, synthetic membranes, coatings, drug delivery systems, and molecular circuitry components.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device having a plurality of layers, depositing a first layer comprising a medium-k dielectric barrier layer on one of the plurality of layers, depositing a second layer comprising a low-k dielectric layer on the first layer, and depositing a third layer comprising a medium-k dielectric barrier on the second layer.

Abstract: A method for producing an insulating or barrier layer (FIG. 1B), useful for semiconductor devices, comprises depositing a layer of silicon and at least one additional element on a silicon substrate whereby said deposited layer is substantially free of defects such that epitaxial silicon substantially free of defects can be deposited on said deposited layer. Alternatively, a monolayer of one or more elements, preferably comprising oxygen, is absorbed on a silicon substrate. A plurality of insulating layers sandwiched between epitaxial silicon forms a barrier composite. Semiconductor devices are disclosed which comprise said barrier composite.

Abstract: A new family of multifunctional smart coatings based on diamond-like atomic-scale composite materials which can provide a real-time control of the surface stress distribution and potentially dangerous stress diagnostic for the most critical parts of flying vehicles. The coating is a silica-stabilized dielectric film, particularly, a diamond-like atomic-scale composite material.

Abstract: A Si/C superlattice useful for semiconductor devices comprises a plurality of epitaxially grown silicon layers alternating with carbon layers respectively adsorbed on surfaces of said silicon layers. Structures and devices comprising the superlattice and methods are described.

Abstract: Fuel electrode-anode supported type solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) comprise novel fuel electrode design with improved mechanical and electrochemical properties. The novel supporting anodes comprise a plurality of internal longitudinal elevations or bosses projecting inwardly into the central bore of the tubular body for structural reinforcement of the entire cell, increasing electrode surface area, optimizing the anode electronic conductivity, and facilitating the mounting of the cell into a SOFC assembly system (e.g., cell stack). The SOFCs of the invention contemplate a range of tubular configurations, including cylindrical and polygonal shapes having at least three surfaces. Low-cost manufacturing routes are also disclosed, whereby the protruding bosses in the anode support do not require additional processing steps compared to conventional forming techniques.

Abstract: A new family of multifunctional smart coatings based on of stabilized diamond-like metal-carbon atomic scale composites and diamond-like atomic-scale composite (DL ASC) materials. Based on a unique combination of the coating fine structure, properties of the coating/substrate interface, and the mechanical and electrical properties of the coating, the disclosed smart coatings would integrate various high resolution sensors and interconnections, and the sensor would diagnose dangerous stress distribution in the coated subject with no distortion in real time, while these diamond-like coatings would simultaneously provide environmental protection of the coated surface and improve its aerodynamic quality.

Abstract: A piezoelectric ink jet print head and a fabrication method for a pressure chamber thereof. A silicon substrate has at least one large-size opening. A photoresist layer is formed in the large-size opening of the silicon substrate and has a plurality of small-size trenches spaced apart from each other. Each of the small-size trenches serves as a pressure chamber. An adhesion layer is formed overlying the silicon substrate to cover the photoresist layer and the small-size trenches. A silicon layer is formed overlying the adhesion layer to serve as a vibrating layer.

Abstract: A golf ball having improved driving characteristics includes a hard, hollow sphere surrounded by an outer. A second layer may be disposed between the sphere and the outer cover. The hollow sphere is made from a hard material such as a metal, metal alloy, or intermetallic material and may be solid, perforated or porous. The second layer surrounding the sphere is generally made of a natural rubber or synthetic polymer or a combination of each which is surrounded by an outer cover made of an ionomer, urethane or balata. The hard sphere preferably contains a gas. A golf ball of this construction has improved performance characteristics such as low spin rate and further distance.

Abstract: A printhead includes a silicon substrate, a first barrier layer, a second barrier layer, and a nozzle plate. The silicon substrate has a plurality of thermal elements and a main ink supply channel, each of the thermal elements being in a firing chamber of the first barrier layer and in fluid communications with the main ink supply channel through ink channels. The top of each ink firing elements is aligned with a nozzle on the nozzle plate. To satisfy the need for high-frequency ink ejection, the second barrier layer is utilized to provide an auxiliary ink supply channel for increasing the ink supply speed. The ink channel between the main ink supply and the ink channel inlet is enlarged in the vertical direction so as to lower the pressure and thus increase the ink supply speed.

Abstract: A self-aligned fabrication process for a nozzle plate of an inkjet print head. A substrate is provided with an activated device and a first film is formed on the substrate. Then, a second film is formed on the first film. Next, the second film is defined to form a convex portion corresponding to the activated device, exposing a part of the surface of the first film. Next, a third film is formed on the exposed surface of the first film, covering the convex portion. The third film on the convex portion is then removed. Next, the convex portion and the first film under the convex portion are etched to form a via.

Abstract: A field emission cathode consisting of atomic-scale composite material comprising three atomic networks is proposed. The first and the second atomic networks penetrate into each other and form carbon-based stabilized dielectric medium and the third atomic network is a conductive network of metallic atoms. The atomic scale composite material may also contain conductive nano-crystals immersed into the carbon-based stabilized dielectric medium. The atomic-scale conductive network and nano-crystals reach the film surface and film edge forming nanometer scale field emission sites. They may be partially exposed by etching the other components of the cathode material thereby forming atomic-scale and/or nano-scale field emission metallic tips. The field emission cathode can be used as an efficient cold cathode in a variety of electronic devices, such as flat panel field emission displays, microwave diodes, triodes and more complex devices.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a piezoelectric ink-jet print-head uses a metallic layer and a thick film layer with a slot hole therein instead of a ceramic vibration plate and an ink layer. The piezoelectric layer and the upper electrode layer are formed inside the ink cavity so that overall thickness of the print head is reduced. To form the ink-jet print head, a metallic layer and a lower electrode layer are sequentially formed over a substrate. A patterned piezoelectric layer and an upper electrode layer are sequentially formed over the lower electrode layer. A patterned thick film layer with a slot hole therein is formed over the metallic layer. The thick film layer and the metallic layer together form a cavity that encloses the piezoelectric layer and the upper electrode layer. A nozzle plate having a nozzle thereon is attached to the thick film layer. The nozzle plate, the thick film layer and the metallic layer together form an ink cavity. The hole in the nozzle is continuous with the ink cavity.

Abstract: A method of treating cancer in a human uses x-rays to disrupt a linkage in a complex of a chemotherapeutic agent and a carrier compound comprising a pre-selected element. The complex is administered to the human and then a localized region of cells which contains the cancerous cells is irradiated with line emission x-rays of an energy selected to cause emission of Auger electrons from the pre-selected element of the carrier compound to disrupt the linkage and release the chemotherapeutic agent near the cancer cells. A kit useful for the treatment comprises an x-ray tube capable of emitting monochromatic line emission x-rays and the complex compound. A transfer compound useful in the method comprises a chemotherapeutic agent linked to a carrier compound.