Abstract: A cooling device, which can cause cooling or heat-pumping, comprising: multilayer electrocaloric ceramic modules as a refrigerant where said modules are comprised of modified BaTiO3 or bismuth based solid solution with PbTiO3, wherein said modules have more than one ferroelectric phase in generating an electrocaloric effect.

Abstract: A regenerative electrocaloric (EC) device is provided. The regenerative EC device uses a special configuration to expand the temperature span Th-Tc, thereby increasing the cooling power and improving the efficiency thereof. The EC regenerative cooling device includes two electrocaloric effect (ECE) elements/rings in direct thermal contact with each other. The two rings rotate in opposite directions and are divided into multiple sections with an electric field or electric fields applied to every other region/section and an electric field or electric fields removed from remaining sections.