Abstract: Disclosed is an antitumorigenic protein derived from fruit bodies of matsutake mushrooms (Tricholoma matsutake). Also disclosed is a method of preparing the antitumorigenic protein comprising extracting fruit bodies of matsutake mushrooms with water followed by subjecting the resulting extract to purification composed of combination of the following three purifying steps in any desired order:(1) a step of purifying the protein by molecular sieve chromatography in a gel permeation column;(2) a step of bringing the extract in contact with an anion exchange resin so that the protein is adsorbed to the resin followed by eluting the protein from the column of the resin with an eluent; and(3) a step of bringing the extract in contact with a hydrophobic chromatographic resin so that the protein is adsorbed to the resin followed by eluting the protein from the column of the resin with an eluent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of separating .beta.-amylase from a solution containing .beta.-amylase, in which the solution is treated with an .alpha.-cyclodextrin fixed water-insoluble high polymer compound in the presence of ammonium sulfate to form an adsorbed composite of the high polymer compound and .beta.-amylase and soluble impurities not adsorbed to the high polymer compound are separated and removed. By the method, a high-purity .beta.-amylase, which is highly useful in the starch saccharification industry, may specifically and efficiently be isolated from a .beta.-amylase-containing mixture solution.

Abstract: Provided is a multistage method and apparatus for concentrating a solution by reverse osmosis, comprising the steps and means for: maximizing the concentration of absolute in a solution in a multistage apparatus having only standard capacity pumps, including steps of providing first concentrating means for concentrating a solution to a first concentration, said first concentrating means comprising at least one concentrating unit which positioned upstream with respect to a direction in which a solution to be concentrated flows, and providing second concentrating means for concentrating the solution that has been concentrated by first concentrating means to a second concentration which is higher than said first concentrating means comprising at least one concentrating unit which is positioned downstream with respect to said direction; said concentrating units comprising consisting essentially of respective membrane modules and respective standard capacity pumps, the membrane module of the concentrating unit of

Abstract: Biologically pure culture of Aureobasidium sp. SN-124A strain (FERM BP-1429) and artificial mutants thereof according to the present invention show the properties of forming and accumulating erythritol in a culture solution, when aerobically cultured on a liquid culture medium containing an assimilable carbon source and an assimilable nitrogen source, and are useful for the preparation of erythritol by fermentation of sugars. A method for preparing erythritol by fermentation of sugars according to the present invention comprises inoculating microorganism selected from the group consisting of Aureobasidium sp. SN-124A strain (FERM BP-1429) and mutants thereof on a liquid culture medium of pH 4 to 9 containing an assimilable carbon source and an assimilable nitrogen source, and aerobically culturing them at a temperature of 30.degree. to 38.degree. C. to form and accumulate erythritol in said culture medium for collection.

Abstract: Provided is a multistage method and apparatus for concentrating a solution by reverse osmosis, comprising the steps and means for: maximizing the concentration of absolute in a solution in a multistage apparatus having only standard capacity pumps, including steps of providing first concentrating means for concentrating a solution to a first concentration, said first concentrating means comprising a least one concentrating unit which positioned upstream with respect to a direction in which a solution to be concentrated flows, and providing second concentrating means for concentrating the solution that has been concentrated by first concentrating means to a second concentration which is higher than said first concentrating means comprising at least one concentrating unit which is positioned downstream with respect to said direction; said concentrating units comprising consisting essentially of respective membrane modules and respective standard capacity pumps, the membrane module of the concentrating unit of s

Abstract: Biologically pure culture of Aureobasidium sp. SN-124A strain (FERM BP-1429) and artificial mutants thereof according to the present invention show the properties of forming and accumulating erythritol in a culture solution, when aerobically cultured on a liquid culture medium containing an assimilable carbon source and an assimilable nitrogen source, and are useful for the preparation of erythritol by fermentation of sugars. A method for preparing erythritol by fermentation of sugars according to the present invention comprises inoculating microorganism selected from the group consisting of Aureobasidium sp. SN-124A strain (FERM BP-1429) and mutants thereof on a liquid culture medium of pH 4 to 9 containing an assimilable carbon source and an assimilable nitrogen source, and aerobically culturing them at a temperature of 30.degree. to 38.degree. C. to form and accumulate erythritol in said culture medium for collection.

Abstract: When an enzymatic reaction is performed in a reaction mixture containing cyclodextrin and a branched maltooligosaccharide or a saccharide mixture of the same in the presence of a branch-splitting enzyme such as pullulanase, a twig branched cyclodextrin, i.e. a branched cyclodextrin of which the branched portion is formed of a moiety of a branched maltooligosaccharide, is formed. This product is a novel compound not known in the prior art and is a useful material in various industrial fields such as foods, cosmetics, medicines and the like by virtue of the unique properties of, for example, clathrate formation and complex formation with atoms or ions of metals.

Abstract: A process for enzymatic preparation of cellooligosaccharide from a cellulose-base substance by the action of cellulase produced by an microorganism belonging to the Genus Cellvibrio, wherein an ultrafiltration reactor is used in combination, so that production inhibition can be removed and cellooligosaccharide can be formed and accumulated. The present process permits preparation of cellobiose in high yield and is very advantageous from an industrial standpoint.

Abstract: Different from conventional heterogeneous multiple-branched cyclodextrins having branches derived from the same kind of saccharide molecule, the inventive heterogeneous multiple-branched cyclodextrin has branches derived from different kinds of saccharides of, one, glucose and, the other, a maltooligosaccharide. The inventive heterogeneous multiple-branched cyclodextrins are more stable than conventional ones and useful as an ingredient of medical, foodstuff and cosmetic preparations. The heterogeneous multiple-branched cyclodextrin can be prepared from a mixture of a maltooligosaccharide and a glucosyl cyclodextrin by the reverse action of debranching enzyme.

Abstract: The invention provides an efficient enzymatic method for the preparation of branched cyclodextrins such as glucosyl and maltosyl cyclodextrins. The inventive method comprises the enzymatic reaction of a branch-splitting enzyme and .beta.-amylase simultaneously with a mixture of a cyclodextrin and starch. Alternatively, a branched cyclodextrin is obtained from a mixture of a cyclodextrin and maltose in an enzymatic reaction with pullulanase, optionally, with admixture of an alcohol such as ethyl and propyl alcohols or a glycol such as ethyleneglycol and propyleneglycol to the reaction mixture. A glucosyl cyclodextrin can be obtained by the steps of first subjecting a mixture of a cyclodextrin and maltose to an enzymatic reaction with pullulanase and then subjecting the reaction product to a second enzymatic reaction in the presence of an enzyme mixture composed of takaamylase and glucoamylase and yeast.

Abstract: A process for the separation of one or more kinds of solute in a cryohydrate characterized in that a cryohydrate obtained by freezing a solution together with a high tensile member is passed through pressure-application zones whose inner sectional area is reduced toward the direction in which the high tensile member is pulled to thereby separate fractions having high solute contents from fractions having low solute contents, and apparatus therefor.