Abstract: A silver halide photo-sensitive material is provided having a hydrophilic colloid layer containing dispersed therein finely divided particles of a substantially water-immiscible mixture containing a hydrophobic photographic substance. The aforesaid mixture contains a polymer having recurring units represented by the following general formula (I) ##STR1## where, in the above formula, R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group, R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom or substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms, X represents a bivalent substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1 to 50.

Abstract: In a color diffusion-transfer photographic element comprising a support carrying at least two color image forming units, each comprising a selectively sensitized silver halide emulsion layer and a color image-forming material contained in either said silver halide emulsion layer or a layer adjacent to said silver halide emulsion layer, there is provided an intermediate layer between two of said color image-forming units or protective overcoating layer comprising a polymer of at least one monoacrylate or monomethacrylate of an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol.

Abstract: A chamber assembly for infusion and transfusion apparatus comprising a drip chamber having a pump chamber and an observation chamber connected together and connecting a tubing adaptor to a piercing device assembly. The cross-sectional area of the observation chamber is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the pump chamber and the observation chamber is short relative to the pump chamber. Changes in pressure in the pump chamber are transmitted through the observation chamber faster than such pressure changes are transmitted through the pump chamber because of the difference in length of the two chambers. The difference in cross-sectional areas of the two chambers causes the pressure wave in the observation chamber to be more uniform than that wave is in the pump chamber. The assembly including the observation and pump chambers accurately controls the flow rate of fluid into the tubing, so that only a single drop is present in the observation chamber at any one time.

Abstract: A low profile filter assembly for use in IV sets and the like includes a pair of spaced apart, axially aligned inlet and outlet filter adaptors secured to inlet and outlet ends, respectively, of a filter tube. A generally conically shaped filter member is connected at its opposite ends to the inlet and outlet filter adaptors and extends longitudinally within the filter tube between the adaptors. Lengths of flexible IV tubing are connected with the adaptors for conveying fluid to and from the filter assembly. The filter cone is disposed with its larger end connected to the inlet adaptor and its smaller end connected to the outlet adaptor and the filter assembly diameter is only about twice the diameter of the tubing connected therewith, yet a filter area many times greater than the cross-sectional area of the tubing is obtained. Additionally, the filter is simple and economical to assemble.

Abstract: Products are prepared of solid hydrogel matrixes having entrapped therein high-surface area sorbent materials, preferably activated carbon. The entrapped absorbent has an effective surface area no greater than about 1% of the actual surface area of the sorbent material, e.g., activated carbon per se, preferably not over 0.001%. The products are particularly useful in radioimmunoassay for antigens.

Abstract: Water insoluble, hydrophilic copolymers of 50 to 98% of hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate wherein the alkyl group has 2 to 3 carbon atoms with 2 to 50% stearyl acrylate or methacrylate are prepared. They are particularly effective for sealing and coating building materials.

Abstract: A device and procedures for endodontic therapy. An elongated flexible tubular member having a plurality of axially directed orifices formed in the distal end thereof has the proximal end thereof adapted to be connected to a source of supply of liquid. The liquid may be chemically active against necrotic tissue such as a solution of sodium hypochlorite. The distal end of the device is inserted into a root-pulp channel during a root canal procedure and liquid is delivered laterally against the walls of the channel thereby performing a mechanical scrubbing action and providing chemical action. The distal tip of the tubular member is closed off so as to prevent any liquid being expressed directly upon the root apex.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition is prepared comprising (a) a copolymer having an acid value of 10 to 100 and containing structural units represented by the following general formula I ##STR1## where R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group, R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, methyl group, ethyl group or chloromethyl group, and n is an integer of from 1 to 10, inclusive, and structural units represented by the following general formula II ##STR2## where, in the formula, R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group, and(b) a diazo compound and, optionally,(c) a resin having hydrophilic groups.

Abstract: An improved syringe is provided for root canal applications comprising a generally cylindrical or polygonal hollow barrel threaded internally at its distal end and at its proximal end, and a plunger which is substantially coextensive in length with and is adapted to slide through the cylinder. The plunger is closed face at its distal end and is externally threaded at its proximal end for threaded engagement with the internal threads at the proximal end of the cylinder. The plunger is integrally capped at its proximal end and the cap is provided with a handle for turning the plunger in order to insert it in or retract it from the cylinder. A needle is integrally attached to a hub which is provided with a central externally threaded tubular member adapted to threadedly engage with the internal threads of the distal end of the cylinder.

Abstract: Products are prepared of solid hydrogel matrixes having entrapped therein high-surface area sorbent materials, preferably activated carbon. The entrapped absorbent has an effective surface area no greater than about 1% of the actual surface area of the sorbent material, e.g., activated carbon per se, preferably not over 0.001%. The products are particularly useful in radioimmunoassay for antigens.

Abstract: N-chloro chloroalkanamides or chloro hydrocarbyl substituted alkanamides of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 is alkylene or chloroalkylene of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, n is 0 or 1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen, chlorine, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkaryl of up to 8 carbon atoms or aryl of up to 8 carbon atoms, have been found useful as herbicides. Preferably n is 0 and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen chlorine, phenyl or alkyl or 1 to 2 carbon atoms. Most preferably R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen or chlorine.

Abstract: Thermoplastic hydrogels are prepared by making condensation polymers of spirolactones of the formula: ##STR1## with a difunctional compound capable of opening the lactone rings. The thermoplastic hydrogels can be cross-linked. In the formula the total of n and m and also of n' and m' is 2 to 5 and the R groups are H or hydrocarbyl with not over 3 R groups being hydrocarbyl. Most preferably all R groups are H and n, m, n' and m' are all 1.

Abstract: A method of treating teeth in dentistry, for the prevention of calculus, removal of caries, and dissolving of plaque, comprises bringing into contact with the teeth an aqueous solution containing a hypochlorite of an alkali and/or alkaline earth metal, and an amino compound capable of forming water-soluble non-mucous irritating N-chloro and/or N-dichloro derivatives thereof. The amine may be tertiary, or rearranged to result in a secondary or primary amine. Preferably an excess of amine to hypochlorite is used, to faciliate demineralization of old plaque and caries. For maintenance of the desired pH, a buffering system may be included. The solution may be used as a mouth wash, or in the form of a jet stream or a pulsated jet stream through an applicator such as a hypodermic needle, or with a carrier in the form of a paste for application with a brush.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein Y is chlorinated alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; wherein R is C.sub.n H.sub.2n or R.sub.2 C.sub.n H.sub.2n-1 wherein n is an integer of 1 to 11 and R.sub.2 is aralkyl or carboxyalky; and wherein R' is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkaryl or aryl; have fungicidal activity. The compounds can be used in the free acid or salt form.

Abstract: Plasticized solid, water-insoluble, water-swellable, hydrophilic polymers having the recurring unit ##STR1## wherein R is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 8 carbon atoms; where R' is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; preferably hydrogen or methyl; wherein R" is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and wherein n is an integer of at least 1; and as the plasticizer therefor, preferably a liquid compound characterized by amino and hydroxyl groups, said compound having a relatively low vapor pressure.

Abstract: Hydrophilic copolymers are prepared of compounds having the formulae: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.2 is alkylene of 2 to 3 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is alkylene of 2 to 3 carbon atoms and m is an integer of 2 to 6. The preferred copolymers are hydroxyethyl methacrylate-methoxytriethyleneglycol methacrylate copolymers. The products are characterized by having an unusually high oxygen permeability compared to other hydrophilic polymers and are particularly valuable in making contact lenses.

Abstract: 3,3-Bis (chloromethyl) oxetane is prepared by a method which comprises reacting N,N-dimethyl formamide with thionyl chloride to produce Vilsmeier reagent, followed by the reaction of the Vilsmeier reagent with pentaerythritol to produce pentaerythritol monochlorohydrin. The pentaerythritol monochlorohydrin is then reacted with thionyl chloride to produce pentaerythritol trichlorohydrin, followed by the reaction of pentaerythritol trichlorohydrin with an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkaline earth metal hydroxide to 3,3-bis (chloromethyl) oxetane.

Abstract: N-chloro nitrogen-containing carboxylic acids have been found to be useful as microbiocides in topical treatment of the skin and mucous membranes.

Abstract: In a method for removal of dental plaque and caries in dentistry, there is applied to the teeth a high velocity pulsating jet stream of liquid possibly subjected also to ultrasonic vibration. The jet stream is pulsated, preferably with pulsations having a pressure-time wave form which includes, in each cycle, a period of lowered pressure or nil pressure sufficient for relaxation of the attacked material leading to mechanical fatiguing. The liquid may be neutral to the attacked material for a plaque removal, e.g., water, but for carie removal has a chemical action provided by an alkaline solution containing N-chloro and/or N-dichloro compounds resulting from interaction of certain hypohalites and amine compounds capable of removing plaque and caries both. The method is effective without the application of ultra-sonic vibrations, although their utilization with the aforesaid mechanical fatiguing pulsations is most effective. Utilization of ultra-sonic vibrations with harmonic pulsations is also effective.

Abstract: An animal litter is prepared comprising a loose substrate treated with a solid water soluble copolymer of (a) 5 - 35% of a hydroxyester of a 2-alkenoate having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms and R' is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer and (b) a copolymerizable water soluble monomer or polymer. The polymer is prepared in solution in a solvent or one of the monomers. A fragrance is also added.