Abstract: A torque sensor includes a disk comprising a magnetostrictive, magnetically biased, or magnetizable material, and a magnetic field sensor assembly. A torque acting about an axis of rotation of the disk can be applied to the disk and the magnetostrictive material is configured to generate a magnetic field outside the disk that changes dependent on the effective torque. The magnetic field sensor assembly is configured to output a signal based on the magnetic field generated by the magnetostrictive material, and the torque sensor is configured to determine a value of the acting torque based on the signal that is output.

Abstract: A coil arrangement has a first cylindrical coil having a first winding direction and a second cylindrical coil having a second winding direction. The first and second cylindrical coils are arranged in longitudinal succession aligned on a common axis. Mutually adjacent ends of the first and second cylindrical coils are electrically connected to each other, and the second winding direction is opposed to the first winding direction.

Abstract: A drive bearing includes an element rotatably mounted and which comprises magnetized magnetostrictive material. A torque can be applied to the element and the magnetostrictive magnetized material is formed to generate at a first position outside the element a magnetic field as a function of the torque applied. A measuring circuit comprises a first magnetic field sensor for detecting a total magnetic field at the first position, the total magnetic field comprising the magnetic field generated by the magnetostrictive magnetized material and an external magnetic field. The first magnetic field sensor outputs a first signal as a function of the total magnetic field detected. A second magnetic field sensor detects the external magnetic field at a second position and outputs a second signal as a function of the external magnetic field detected. The measuring circuit determines a value of the torque applied using the first and the second signals.

Abstract: The magnetoelastic torque sensor includes a shaft that is magnetized in a first axial section in a first circumferential direction and to which a torque to be measured can be applied; a first magnetic field sensor outside of the shaft for recording a magnetic field, which is generated by the first section of the shaft and independent of the applied torque. The first magnetic field sensor comprises a first 3D Anisotropic MagnetoResistance (3D-AMR) sensor.