Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel is fixed to a supporting stage by vacuum holding in a way that an end portion of a predetermined one of edges of the pair of substrates protrudes from the supporting stage. Next, scribe lines are formed respectively in positions on upper and lower surfaces of the end portion of the pair of substrates, and the end portion protruding from the supporting stage. Thereafter, a load is applied to a predetermined position by using a break pin. The load is applied to the predetermined position at a side of the scribe lines toward the outside closer to starting points of the respective scribe lines. Accordingly, the LCD panel is cut.

Abstract: A backlight for a color liquid crystal display apparatus in which light of the three primary colors of red, blue, and green is directly incident on the corresponding pixels of a liquid crystal layer, the backlight comprising a first light-guide plate; a first incidence part for receiving light of a first primary color from among the light of the three primary colors in a first area on a first lateral surface of the first light-guide plate; a second incidence part for receiving light of a second primary color light from among the light of the three primary colors in a second area on a second lateral surface that is opposite to the first lateral surface of the first light-guide plate; and a third incidence part for receiving light of a third primary color from among the light of the three primary colors in a third area on a rear surface of the first light-guide plate.

Abstract: The invention provides a backlight unit, a liquid crystal display apparatus and a method of assembling the backlight unit in which a large number of optical sheets can be simply and surely assembled into a chassis in an appropriate order and direction, and is characterized by a first optical sheet which is a reference sheet and second optical sheets which are rest of the optical sheets. The first optical sheet is provided with first identification parts for specifying a layer of respective second optical sheets to be placed, and each of the second optical sheets is provided with a second identification part at a position corresponding to one of the first identification parts based on the layer position to be placed. The optical sheets are superposed so that each of the first identification parts is pared with the second identification part corresponding to the layer specified by the first identification part.

Abstract: A process for forming a pattern contains steps of: forming a first mask pattern on a film to be etched on a substrate; forming a first pattern of the film to be etched by using the first mask pattern as a mask; forming a second mask pattern having a plane shape different from that of the first mask pattern by deforming the first mask pattern; and forming a second pattern of the film to be etched different from the first pattern by using the second mask pattern. By applying the process for forming a pattern, for example, to the formation of a semiconductor layer and source and drain electrodes of a TFT substrate of a liquid crystal display apparatus, the above-stated formation requiring two photoresist process steps in a conventional manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display apparatus can be carried out by only one process step, thereby reducing manufacturing cost thereof.

Abstract: An in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device includes (a) a first substrate on which a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines are formed such that the gate lines are substantially perpendicular to the data lines, and on which at least one pixel electrode and at least one common electrode are alternately formed in each of pixels defined by the gate and data lines, (b) a second substrate facing the first substrate, and (c) a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates, wherein when a voltage is applied across the pixel electrode and the common electrode, liquid crystal existing on extensions of the data lines are caused to rotate in a plane substantially in parallel with the first substrate. Both the pixel electrode and the common electrode have at least one bending point at which the pixel electrode and the common electrode bend, and are designed to bend such that both an intensity and a direction of a field generated by the voltage successively vary.

Abstract: An image display device is provided which is capable of improving its image quality when a moving picture is displayed by using a holding-type display panel such as a liquid crystal panel. A display gray-level feature value of each display screen is extracted based on a video input signal. A black inserting signal to set a gray level of a black screen (frame) is generated based on the display gray-level feature value extracted by the displayed brightness extracting section. Based on a video input signal, a control signal is sent out to a source driver and another control signal is sent out to a gate driver and a gray level of a black screen to be inserted among display screens each making up a moving picture is set to a liquid crystal panel based on the black inserting signal generated by the black inserting signal computing section.

Abstract: A double-sided LCD device includes a double-sided backlight unit, front and rear LCD panels, and first and second circuit boards connected to the front and rear LCD panels, respectively, by TCPs. Each TCP has first and second slits for bending the TCP. The TCP connecting the first circuit board to the front LCD panel is bent at the second slit, whereas the TCP connecting the second circuit board to the rear LCD panel is bent at the first slit, to achieve overlapping arrangement of the first and second circuit boards as viewed parallel to the LCD panels.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display device which has color filters disposed on a TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) substrate, and which reduces the effect of light leakage regions over data lines for an increased viewing angle. The liquid crystal display device has the data lines disposed on the TFT substrate at respective gaps between adjacent two of pixel electrodes, for supplying data signals to TFTs to drive pixel electrodes, and a black matrix disposed on the TFT substrate in association with the data lines for blocking light passing in a predetermined viewing angle range through a light leakage region created in the liquid crystal layer depending on a potential difference between adjacent two of the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: A flat lighting source is provided which is capable of applying illuminating light to an entire display region of a display panel. A current or voltage is supplied from each LED (Light Emitting Diode) driving/correcting circuit to each LED. Part of light emitted from each of the LEDs is converted into electrical signals and a resistance value of each photodiode decreases in proportion to luminance. If luminance of light emitted from each of the LEDs increases, a resistance value of each of the photodiodes decreases while the luminance of light emitted from each of the LEDs decreases. The resistance value is fed back to each of the LED driving/correcting circuits which changes a driving current or a driving voltage so that luminance of light emitted from each of the LEDs corresponds to a luminance setting voltage. The photodiode is mounted in a one-to-one relationship for every LED.

Abstract: A display device has a data-holding circuit with a capacitance and a display portion with a plurality of pixel electrodes, formed on a first carrier substrate. In the display device, a second carrier substrate disposed opposite the first carrier substrate is placed above the display portion, but the opposing substrate is not present above the area in which the data-holding circuit is disposed. The parasitic capacitance of the data-holding circuit can thereby be reduced. Therefore, the capacitance in the data-holding circuit can be reduced and the area required can be reduced as well. The display data of all the pixels is sent serially to the liquid crystal module without high-speed transfer for each frame time interval, and size can be reduced because the controller IC and interface circuit are formed on the same substrate as the display device substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus of a front light type includes a liquid crystal display panel, a light guide plate, a light source optically connected with the light guide plate and irradiating light to the light guide plate, a space holding member which supports and fixes the liquid crystal panel and the light guide plate in a region outside a display area of the liquid crystal display panel to have a predetermined gap. The space holding member having a base member and an adhesive material layer on at least one side of the base member. A refractive index of the adhesive material layer is smaller than that of the light guide plate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes (a) a first substrate, (b) a second substrate spaced away from and facing the first substrate, (c) a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates, (d) a transistor formed on the first substrate, (e) a wiring layer formed on the first substrate and electrically connected to the transistor, (f) a reflection electrode formed on the first substrate, an external incident light being reflected at the reflection electrode towards a viewer, and (g) a compensation layer formed directly on the wiring layer. The reflection electrode does not cover the wiring layer therewith, and the compensation layer has almost the same height as a height of the reflection electrode, the height being measured from a surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: An orientation processor (i.e., rubbing roller) for manufacturing a high quality liquid crystal display apparatus by subjecting orientation films formed on glass substrates of a relatively large-size liquid crystal display apparatus to a uniform orientation process. An orientation processor (i.e., rubbing roller) 10 is formed by applying a plurality of rubbing cloth pieces 12A and 12B applied with double-side bond tape to the outer periphery of the rotational roller 11. Another orientation processor (i.e., rubbing roller) 20 is formed by at least one parallel quadrilateral rubbing cloth piece 22B and 22C and substantially triangular rubbing cloth pieces 22A and 22D disposed on the opposite sides of the cloth pieces 22B and 22C. The orientation processor 10 or 20 is used to execute an orientation process of rubbing orientation films formed on the surface of glass substrates (panels) and a liquid crystal display apparatus.

Abstract: A reflection-type liquid crystal display according to the invention includes two glass substrates, a transparent electrode provided on one glass substrate, an insulator film which is provided on another glass substrate and on which an uneven structure is formed, a reflecting electrode provided on the insulator film, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a side of the transparent electrode and a side of the reflecting electrode. The insulator film includes a first insulating layer in which a large number of depressions isolated as surrounded by protrusions are irregularly arranged and a second insulating layer covering the insulating layer entirely. The protrusions are all connected in a network, so that if some of these protrusions have weaker adherence with an underlying layer, they can be supported by the surrounding protrusions.

Abstract: A photo-resist mask of organic compound is stripped off after the pattern transfer to a layer thereunder, wherein the photo-resist mask is firstly exposed to vapor of organic solvent for reducing the thickness through a reflow, and, thereafter, the photo-resist mask is ashed in an oxygen plasma, whereby the dry ashing is completed within a short time period by virtue of the reduction of thickness.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has a first substrate formed with a picture character pixel electrode for displaying a picture character represented by a fixed pattern, a second substrate formed with a common electrode opposite to the picture character pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate. The picture character pixel electrode is formed on an interlayer insulating film, and is connected to a picture character signal electrode formed below the interlayer insulating film through a plurality of contact holes formed through the interlayer insulating film.

Abstract: An optical element comprises a pair of substrates each having an electrode and bonded together with a gap therebetween and a light adjusting material including a liquid crystal and enclosed in the gap. Each of the pair of substrates has an electrode connecting portion to be connected to an external circuit. At least a part of the electrode connecting portion of each of the substrates is located on the same side as that of the optical element. The electrode connecting portion of one of the substrates and the electrode connecting portion of the other of the substrates have respective electrode portions at regions that are not opposed to each other. The electrode portion of each of the electrode connecting portions is connected to the external circuit.

Abstract: A backlight unit that makes it sure to assemble many optical members in a casing in a right order with their right attitude in its assembly stage is provided. Each of the optical members to be assembled in a predetermined order has a protruding part including at least one protrusion. A count of the protrusions of each member is increased according to the predetermined assembly order. The casing has a depressed part for receiving the protrusions of the members, the depressed part including notches or depressions corresponding to the protrusions of the optical members. Each of the notches or depressions has a depth in a stacking direction that varies according to stacking state of the optical members. The notches or depressions may be formed to penetrate through the casing to thereby confirm easily the order and attitude of the assembled members after the assembly operation.

Abstract: An LCD device is obtained by joining a counter substrate and a TFT substrate with a sealing member having at least a UV-curable characteristic. The sealing member includes a UV-curable resin and high-refractive layers formed respectively on the surfaces of spacers which are dispersed in the UV-curable resin, each of the surfaces of the spacers having a refractive index higher than that of the UV-curable resin.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an LCD device in which alignment films are formed by a method of printing non-contact alignment films on substrates. Print control patterns are provided between a sealing member and each of display regions. Each of the print control patterns is formed of a highly water-repellent region as well as any one of fine concave structures, fine convex structures and pillar-shaped bodies. The print control patterns control the spreading as liquid of alignment film materials to make the film thickness of each of the alignment film materials uniform.