Abstract: Compounds of the formula wherein m is 0, 1 or 2; wherein when m is O, Z is O, when m is 1, Z is N, and when m is 2, Z is C; Y is H, OH, NH2, or an organic moiety of 1-20C, optionally additionally containing 1-8 heteaoms selected from te group consisting of N, P, O, S and halo; each 11 and 2 is independently 0-5; 13is 0 or 1; each of R1, R2 and R3 is independently alkyl (1-6C), aryl (6-10C) or arylalkyl (7-16C) optionally containing 14 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of halo, N, P, O, and S or each of R1 and R2 may independently be halo, COOR, CONR2, CF3, CN or NO2, wherein R is H or lower alkyl (1-4C) or alkyl (1-6C); n is 0 or 1; X is a linker, with the proviso that Y is not a tropolone, a coumarin, or an antioxidant containing an aromatic group and with the further proviso that if 13 is 0, neither R′ nor R2 can represent F in the para position; and are useful as calcium channel blockers.