Abstract: The present invention relates to the combination of a methylxanthine and a carbonic anhydrase activator to provide synergistic effects. The invention further relates to the improved/enhanced cognitive ability of individuals, particularly those suffering from various disorders, such as Alzheimer's Disease, stroke, hypoxia, general dementia, ADHD, mental retardation, and “sun down” syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods to modulate &agr;-secretase and/or to improve cognitive ability. The invention further relates the improved/enhanced cognitive ability in diseased individuals, particularly Alzheimer's Disease patients, and treatment thereof through increased sAPP production. Macrocyclic lactones (i.e. bryostatin class and neristatin class) are compounds preferred for use with the present composition. The present invention also provides methods for increasing the generation of non-amyloidogenic soluble APP comprising the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by administering an effective amount of PKC activator(s).

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formula (I): or salts or hydrates thereof, useful as beta-secretase inhibitors. The invention further relates to a method of reducing plaque formation, particularly useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound of formula (I): 1

Abstract: A method for increasing the generation of non-amyloidogenic soluble APP comprising activation of protein kinase C (PKC) by administering an effective amount of at least one PKC activator. Also provided is a method for altering conditions associated with amyloid processing in order to enhance an &agr;-secretase pathway to generate soluble &agr;-amyloid precursor protein (&agr;-APP) so as to prevent &bgr;-amyloid aggregation comprising administering an effective amount of a benzolactam.