Abstract: An embodiment is method performed by a sharing access point (AP) to initiate a non-coherent joint transmission (NCJT). The method includes transmitting a backhaul data PPDU that includes data intended for a station (STA) to a shared AP via a backhaul link and transmitting a NCJT sounding trigger frame to the shared AP via the backhaul link to cause the shared AP to participate in the NCJT, wherein the NCJT involves a plurality of APs, including the shared AP, transmitting NCJT PPDUs that include the data intended for the STA to the STA at different times.

Abstract: An embodiment is method performed by a first wireless device to transmit low latency data using a slotted random access technique. The method includes detecting an end of a fragmented physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) transmission made by a second wireless device, randomly selecting a slot from a plurality of slots forming a slot window that is to follow a short interframe space (SIFS) interval after the end of the fragmented PPDU transmission, and attempting to transmit low latency data during the randomly selected slot.

Abstract: An embodiment is method performed by a first beamformee to participate in a channel sounding process. The method includes receiving a null data packet (NDP) announcement frame from a beamformer, wherein the NDP announcement frame includes partial bandwidth information for the first beamformee and partial bandwidth information for a second beamformee, each indicating a same first bandwidth. The method further includes responsive to receiving a beamforming report poll (BFRP) trigger frame from the beamformer, transmitting a first report frame and a second report frame to the beamformer, wherein the first report frame includes a first partial bandwidth change indication bit indicating there is a change in partial bandwidth for the first beamformee and the second report frame includes a second partial bandwidth change indication bit indicating there is a change in partial bandwidth for the second beamformee.

Abstract: An embodiment is method performed by a wireless device to allow preemption in a wireless network. The method includes wirelessly transmitting a first preemption physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) that includes a complete preamble followed by one or more subsequent preemption PPDUs that each include a reduced preamble, wherein the complete preamble includes one or more preamble fields that are omitted in the reduced preamble, wherein the first PPDU and the one or more subsequent preemption PPDUs are transmitted with a predefined interframe space interval between PPDU transmissions during which preemption is allowed.

Abstract: An embodiment is method performed by a relay station (STA) that acts as a relay between a source STA and a destination STA. The method includes wirelessly receiving a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) from the source STA in a first channel, while receiving the PPDU from the source STA in the first channel, relaying the PPDU to the destination STA in a second channel that is different from the first channel, and responsive to detecting an error in receiving the PPDU from the source STA, ending the relaying of the PPDU to the destination STA early.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method performed by a relay station (STA). The method includes receiving an association request frame for associating with the access point (AP) from the non-relay STA, relaying the association request frame from the non-relay STA to the AP, receiving an association response frame from the AP, relaying the association response frame from the AP to the non-relay STA, receiving a data frame from the non-relay STA, wherein the data frame includes data originated by the non-relay STA that is intended for the AP, transmitting an acknowledgement (ACK) frame to the non-relay STA, wherein a source address of the ACK frame is an address of the AP, and relaying the data originated by the non-relay STA from the non-relay STA to the AP.

Abstract: Dynamic Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) sharing between overlapping Basic Service Sets (BSSs) in wireless networks. A sharing Access Point (AP) initiates a process by generating and wirelessly transmitting a control frame to allocate its TXOP to a shared AP in an overlapping BSS. Subsequently, the sharing AP receives a return TXOP frame from the shared AP, indicating the return of any unused TXOP portion. The sharing AP then has the flexibility to either resume its own transmissions using the returned TXOP or reallocate it to an alternative AP. Using the techniques in dense wireless networking environments enables efficient spectrum utilization through dynamic TXOP allocation and reclamation. The techniques address challenges of resource management in multi-AP scenarios, improving overall network performance and reducing interference in overlapping coverage areas.

Abstract: An embodiment is a method performed by a wireless device to provide header protection for a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU). The method includes generating a hash value of header information of the PPDU by applying a hash function to the header information of the PPDU, including the hash value in an encrypted payload portion of the PPDU, and transmitting the PPDU with the hash value included in the encrypted portion of the PPDU. An embodiment is a method performed by a wireless device to verify the integrity of header information of a received PPDU. The method includes extracting header information of the PPDU, extracting a first hash value included in an encrypted payload portion of the PPDU, generating a second hash value by applying a hash function to the extracted header information, and discarding the PPDU if the second hash value does not match the first hash value.

Abstract: An embodiment is method performed by a first wireless device in a wireless network to implement a block acknowledgement (ACK) scheme for acknowledging data frames received in multiple subchannels. The method includes receiving a plurality of data frames from a second wireless device in a plurality of subchannels, transmitting a block ACK frame to the second wireless device in one of the plurality of subchannels, wherein the block ACK frame includes ACK information for the plurality of subchannels, and wirelessly transmitting one or more data frames to the second wireless device in one or more of the plurality of subchannels, wherein the block ACK frame and the one or more data frames are transmitted simultaneously in different subchannels. The block ACK scheme may improve channel utilization, throughput, and/or latency in the wireless network.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method performed by a station (STA) in a wireless network to access a non-primary channel. The method includes determining a maximum supportable bandwidth of a primary transmission opportunity (TXOP) established in a primary channel, responsive to a determination that the maximum supportable bandwidth of the primary TXOP is smaller than a maximum supportable bandwidth of the STA, establishing a secondary TXOP in the non-primary channel, and transmitting a data frame to a second STA during the secondary TXOP in the non-primary channel.

Abstract: A method provides for reducing interlink interference between an access point (AP) multi-link device (MLD) having a simultaneous transmit and receive (STR) link set and a non-AP MLD with a non-STR link set. The method includes transmitting data, by the AP MLD, to the non-AP MLD on a first link, simultaneously receiving data, by the AP MLD from the non-AP MLD, on a second link, and aligning, by the AP MLD, an end time of transmitted physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) using padding in response to concurrently transmitting another PPDU, by the non-AP MLD, on a link that is part of the non-STR link set.

Abstract: An embodiment disclosed herein is a method performed by a station (STA) to seamlessly roam from a first access point (AP) to a second AP. The method includes transmitting a roaming request frame to the first AP and the second AP in a second channel, receiving a roaming confirmation frame from the second AP in the second channel, transmitting a roaming initiation frame to the first AP and the second AP in the second channel in response to receiving the roaming confirmation frame; receiving a data frame from the second AP in a first channel, wherein the third data frame includes buffered data for the STA that was buffered at the first AP and relayed by the first AP to the second AP, and transmitting an acknowledgement (ACK) frame that acknowledges the third data frame to the second AP in the first channel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method performed by a wireless device in a wireless network. The method includes wirelessly transmitting an aggregated physical layer protocol data unit (A-PPDU), wherein the A-PPDU includes a plurality of sub-PPDUs each occupying a different one of a plurality of subchannels, wherein all of the plurality of sub-PPDUs are addressed to a same station (STA). The A-PPDU may be used for realizing an efficient channel sounding process for a subchannel selective transmission (SST).

Abstract: A method for determining a number of symbols in a data field of a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) is described. The method includes determining, by a wireless transmitting device, whether an aggregation subfield of a signal field of the PPDU is to be set to 1 and responsive to determining that the aggregation subfield of the signal field of the PPDU is not to be set to 1, calculating, by the wireless transmitting device, the number of symbols in the data field of the PPDU based on a PHY service data unit (PSDU) length value, wherein the PSDU length value is provided in a transmission vector (TXVECTOR) and the TXVECTOR also includes an aggregated media access control (MAC) protocol data unit pre-end-of-frame padding (APEP) length value of the PPDU.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a radio frequency (RF) transmitter to compensate for a frequency-dependent in-phase quadrature (FDIQ) mismatch is disclosed. The method may include determining in-phase quadrature (IQ) amplitude and phase mismatches of the RF transmitter for a lower side band (LSB) and an upper side band (USB), determining a FDIQ mismatch based on linear fitting the IQ amplitude and phase mismatches for the LSB and the USB, modifying the FDIQ mismatch based on flipping a FDIQ phase mismatch in the LSB and flipping a FDIQ phase mismatch in the USB to generate a modified FDIQ mismatch, determining Fourier coefficients based on applying an inverse fast Fourier transform to the modified FDIQ mismatch, and determining FIR coefficients for a finite impulse response (FIR) filter of the RF transmitter based on windowing the Fourier coefficients.

Abstract: A method is described for aligning high efficiency (HE), extremely high throughput (EHT), and EHT+sub-physical layer protocol data units (sub-PPDUs) included in an aggregated PPDU (APPDU) trigger frame. The method includes aligning a preamble portion of the sub-PPDUs by applying a multi-user PPDU (MU-PPDU) format to each of the sub-PPDUs and aligning a data portion of the sub-PPDUs by including a padding subfield in each of the sub-PPDUs to produce a common length.

Abstract: A new enhanced Multi-User (MU) Request-to-Send (RTS) Transmit Opportunity Sharing (TXS) frame and solutions for handling unavailable resource units (RUS) at a shared access point (AP) side. A sharing AP can allocate a portion of its RUs and TXOP to shared APs, facilitating C-TDMA coordination and reducing resource waste. The disclosed solutions focus on efficiently handling unavailable RUs at the shared AP side during the allocated TXOP sharing time. When a shared AP cannot fully utilize the allocated RUs due to interference, it can return the interfered RUs to the sharing AP or assign them to another shared AP. By dynamically managing and reallocating interfered RUs, the disclosed solutions optimize resource utilization, minimize waste, and increase overall system throughput in high-density wireless networks.

Abstract: An embodiment is a method performed by a first wireless device in a wireless network to transmit a multi-power and multi-rate aggregated physical layer service data unit (A-PSDU) to allow low latency transmission in the wireless network. The method includes wirelessly transmitting the multi-power and multi-rate A-PSDU, wherein the multi-power and multi-rate A-PSDU includes a plurality of PSDUs, wherein one or more of the plurality of PSDUs are transmitted using a first transmission power and a first rate and one or more of the PSDUs are transmitted using a second transmission power that is lower than the first transmission power and a second rate that is more robust than the first rate, wherein low latency transmission by other wireless devices is allowed during the transmission of the one or more PSDUs that are transmitted using the second transmission power and the second rate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method performed by a first wireless device in a wireless network to perform multi-channel operations. The method includes transmitting a cross-channel request-to-send (RTS) frame to a second wireless device in a first channel, receiving a cross-channel clear-to-send (CTS) frame from the second wireless device in the first channel, responsive to receiving the cross-channel CTS frame in the first channel, transmitting a data frame to the second wireless device in a second channel, and receiving a cross-channel acknowledgement (ACK) frame that acknowledges the data frame from the second wireless device in the first channel.

Abstract: Spectral efficiency in dense multi-access point wireless networks is improved by combining coordinated spatial reuse and coordinated beamforming/nulling schemes. Access points are classified as sharing or shared based on medium access control, and stations are categorized into largest and smallest coordination gain areas. Coordinated spatial reuse is applied to non-overlapping stations in a small coordination gain area, while coordinated beamforming/nulling is used for overlapping stations in a largest coordination gain area. The shared access point adjusts its transmit power to minimize interference. Channel state information feedback overhead is reduced by considering only links related to the largest coordination gain area. The proposed method increases spectral efficiency, reduces overhead, and enhances coverage compared to using coordinated spatial reuse or coordinated beamforming/nulling alone.