Abstract: This invention discloses high-affinity oligonucleotide ligands to complex tissue targets, specifically nucleic acid ligands having the ability to bind to complex tissue targets, and the methods for obtaining such ligands. Tissue targets comprise cells, subcellular components, aggregates or cells, collections of cells, and higher ordered structures. Specifically, nucleic acid ligands to red blood cells ghosts, glioblastomas, and lymphomas are described.

Abstract: This invention discloses novel immunoassay termed an ELONA, employing nucleic acid ligands as capture molecules and/or detector molecules.

Abstract: This invention disclosures a method for coevolving products from two or more reactants, along with the nucleic acid that can facilitate the reaction for making the products. The invention further discloses the products and facilitating nucleic acids produced by said method.

Abstract: Methods are described for the identification and preparation of DNA ligands to the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase protein. Included in the invention are specific ssDNA ligands to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase identified by the SELEX method. Also included are ssDNA ligands that inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

Abstract: This invention discloses an improved method for the preparation modified purine nucleosides at the 2-, 6- or 8-position of the purine ring, using a palladium catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of glycerol di- or triphosphate derivatives comprising coupling the phosphate group of a glycerol monophosphate derivative in which one of the phosphate hydroxyls is replaced by a leaving group, with the terminal phosphate group of a mono- or diphosphate compound or a salt thereof, in the presence of a basic catalyst, under anhydrous conditions.

Abstract: This invention discloses high-affinity oligonucleotide ligands to lectins, specifically nucleic acid ligands having the ability to bind to the lectins, wheat germ agglutinin, L-selectin, E-selectin and P-selectin. Also disclosed are the methods for obtaining such ligands.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for producing chimeric nucleic acid molecules with two or more functionalities. A chimeric library is generated in which individual chimeric molecules combine the functions or characteristics of two or more parent libraries, each parent library having been selected through the SELEX procedure for a specific function or feature. The chimeric molecules of this invention are useful in a variety of ways, including having improved affinities for a target molecule, enhancing assembly of multi-component molecules, and promoting reactions between two molecules.

Abstract: This invention discloses high-affinity oligonucleotide ligands to lectins, specifically nucleic acid ligands having the ability to bind to the lectins, wheat germ agglutinin, L-selectin, E-selectin and P-selectin. Also disclosed are the methods for obtaining such ligands.

Abstract: This invention discloses high-affinity oligonucleotide ligands to complex tissue targets, specifically nucleic acid ligands having the ability to bind to complex tissue targets, and the methods for obtaining such ligands. Tissue targets comprise cells, subcellular components, aggregates or cells, collections of cells, and higher ordered structures. Specifically, nucleic acid ligands to red blood cells ghosts, glioblastomas, and lymphomas are described.

Abstract: This invention discloses high-affinity oligonucleotide ligands to the thermostable Taq polymerase and Tth polymerase. Specifically, this invention discloses DNA ligands having the ability to bind to the Taq and Tth polymerases and the methods for obtaining such ligands. The ligands are capable of inhibiting polymerases at ambient temperatures.

Abstract: A method for identifying nucleic acid ligands to target molecules using the SELEX pocedure wherein the candidate nucleic acids contain photoreactive groups and nucleic acid ligands identified thereby are claimed. The complexes of increased affinity nucleic acids and target molecules formed in the procedure are crosslinked by irradiation to facilitate separation from unbound nucleic acids. In other methods partioning of high and low affinity nucleic acids is facilitated by primer extension steps as shown in the figure in which chain termination nucleotides, digestion resistant nucleotides or nucleotides that allow retention of the cDNA product on an affinity matrix are differentially incorporated into the cDNA products of either the high or low affinity nucleic acids and the cDNA products are treated accordingly to amplification, enzymatic or chemical digestion or by contact with an affinity matrix.

Abstract: This application provides methods for identifying nucleic acid ligands capable of covalently interacting with targets of interest. The nucleic acids can be associated with various functional units. The method also allows for the identification of nucleic acids that have facilitating activities as measured by their ability to facilitate formation of a covalent bond between the nucleic acid, including its associated functional unit, and its target.

Abstract: This invention discloses an improved method for the ?2+2+2! cyclotrimerization reaction in aqueous solutions using a water soluble transition metal catalyst.

Abstract: A liposomal aminoglycoside formulation comprising a neutral lipid, a negatively charged lipids and a sterol. The formulation contains unilamellar vesicles having an average size below 100 nm. A process of making liposomes containing an aminoglycoside is provided where the hydration temperature is significantly below the transition temperature of the formulation. A method for the treatment of drug susceptible and drug resistant bacteria.

Abstract: A liposomal aminoglycoside formulation comprising a neutral lipid, a negatively charged lipids and a sterol. The formulation contains unilamellar vesicles having an average size below 100 nm. A process of making liposomes containing an aminoglycoside is provided where the hydration temperature is significantly below the transition temperature of the formulation. A method for the treatment of drug susceptible and drug resistant bacteria.

Abstract: Methods are described for the identification and preparation of nucleic acid ligands to HIV integrase. Included in the invention are specific RNA ligands to HIV integrase identified by the SELEX method. Also included in the invention are specific RNA ligands that are inhibitors of HIV integrase.

Abstract: A liposomal aminoglycoside formulation comprising a neutral lipid, a negatively charged lipids and a sterol. The formulation contains unilamellar vesicles having an average size below 100 nm. A process of making liposomes containing an aminoglycoside is provided where the hydration temperature is significantly below the transition temperature of the formulation. A method for the treatment of drug susceptible and drug resistant bacteria.

Abstract: This invention discloses high-affinity oligonucleotide ligands to complex tissue targets, specifically nucleic acid ligands having the ability to bind to complex tissue targets, and the methods for obtaining such ligands. Tissue targets comprise cells, subcellular components, aggregates or cells, collections of cells, and higher ordered structures. Specifically, nucleic acid ligands to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), fibrin clots, and carotid arteries are described.

Abstract: The oral delivery of many classes of drugs is facilitated by converting drugs having suitable functional groups to 1-O-alkyl-, 1-O-acyl-, 1-S-acyl, and 1-S-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate derivatives. The method confers the ability to be absorbed through the digestive tract to drugs that are not orally bioavailable in the non-derivatized state, and enhances the effectiveness of drugs that are poorly absorbed or rapidly eliminated. The method provides orally bioavailable lipid prodrugs of pharmaceutical compounds having diverse physiological activities, including anticancer and antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory agents, antihypertensives and antibiotics. Potency of the lipid prodrugs is comparable to that of the corresponding non-derivatized drugs.