Abstract: A process to transform spent cannabis biomass into activated carbon via a treatment involving a chemical activation process. The spent cannabis biomass is mixed with an activating agent and then subjected to a heat treatment. The spent cannabis biomass is heated in stages, the first to remove water and volatile components, and the second to reclaim leftover cannabinoids. During a third, higher temperature stage, the biomass is converted to activated carbon.

Abstract: Spent cannabis biomass is heated in stages, the first to remove water and volatile components, and the second to reclaim leftover cannabinoids. During a third, higher temperature stage, the biomass is subjected to a CO2 and/or water vapor treatment in order to obtain activated carbon with a desired porosity level.

Abstract: A process for producing THC-O-acetate using a succession of distillation, salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extractions (SALLEs), and solvent recovery techniques. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in cannabis oil reacts with acetic anhydride under reflux to produce THC-O-acetate and acetic acid. The resulting crude product is distilled and subjected to a SALLE with hexane followed by a SALLE with petroleum ether, before being distilled again in order to obtain a refined, THC-O-acetate product.

Abstract: Raw cannabis plant material is dried, coarsely ground, agitated while chilled, sifted and collected to result in cannabis plant material rich in trichomes. Dried cannabis plant material is coarsely ground using a grinder. The coarsely ground cannabis plant matter is agitated in a tumbler in a cooled environment to separate the trichomes from the remainder of the plant matter. The trichomes are then sieved using a sieve shaker with sieves of different mesh sizes mounted in a tower. Chilling the plant material embrittles the trichomes so that they can be removed more easily from the remainder of the plant material.

Abstract: A process for producing THC-O-acetate using a succession of distillation, salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extractions (SALLEs), and solvent recovery techniques. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in Cannabis oil reacts with acetic anhydride with hexane and under reflux to produce THC-O-acetate and acetic acid using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The resulting crude product is distilled and subjected to a SALLE with hexane followed by a SALLE with petroleum ether, before being distilled again in order to obtain a refined, THC-O-acetate product.

Abstract: Hemp straw is ground and burnt to result in hemp straw ash for making concrete. The hemp straw ash is mixed with water, cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and superplasticizer using a two-step addition process to form a concrete mixture. The two-step addition process follows a specific order for the addition of the materials to a concrete mixer drum. Concrete made using the hemp straw ash is useful for lower-strength applications.

Abstract: A slurry is made with ground cannabis biomass and a non-flammable co-solvent. The non-flammable co-solvent is made up of water and ethanol. The ultrasonication process extracts cannabinoids by applying ultrasound to the slurry. The slurry is then filtered, optionally centrifuged, and then distilled to obtain cannabinoid oil.

Abstract: A process for producing THC-O-acetate using a succession of distillation, salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extractions (SALLEs), and solvent recovery techniques. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in cannabis oil reacts with acetic anhydride under reflux to produce THC-O-acetate and acetic acid. The resulting crude product is distilled and subjected to a SALLE with hexane followed by a SALLE with petroleum ether, before being distilled again in order to obtain a refined, THC-O-acetate product.

Abstract: Cannabis plant material is gently ground, mixed with chilled water and then agitated. The trichomes, being made brittle by the lowered temperature of the water, fall off the plant material during agitation. The mixture is then filtered in multiple stages to obtain the trichomes in different size fractions, which are collected separately and then dried.

Abstract: Refrigerated solvent is fed through a cooling jacket around an essential element extraction vessel. After circulating through the cooling jacket, the solvent is re-chilled and at least some of the solvent is passed into the extraction vessel, in which essential elements dissolve into the solvent. Downstream of the extraction vessel, after adsorbent media treatment, the extracted oil and solvent mixture is filtered, in a chilled state, through one or more filtration units. A filtration unit may be a system of vertically oriented filters of decreasing pore size sealed and insulated from the atmosphere. Pressurized gas is used to force the oil and solvent through the filters. Each filter stage has a removable lid, which provides convenient access for replacing the filter cartridge without disturbing the thermally insulated sidewalls of the filter stage.

Abstract: A process for producing THC-O-acetate using a succession of distillation, salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extractions (SALLEs), and solvent recovery techniques. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in cannabis oil reacts with acetic anhydride under reflux to produce THC-O-acetate and acetic acid. The resulting crude product is distilled and subjected to a SALLE with hexane followed by a SALLE with petroleum ether, before being distilled again in order to obtain a refined, THC-O-acetate product.

Abstract: Refrigerated solvent is fed through a cooling jacket around an essential element extraction vessel. After circulating through the cooling jacket, the solvent is re-chilled and at least some of the solvent is passed into the extraction vessel, in which essential elements dissolve into the solvent. Downstream of the extraction vessel, after adsorbent media treatment, the extracted oil and solvent mixture is filtered, in a chilled state, through one or more filtration units. A filtration unit may be a system of vertically oriented filters of decreasing pore size sealed and insulated from the atmosphere. Pressurized gas is used to force the oil and solvent through the filters. Each filter stage has a removable lid, which provides convenient access for replacing the filter cartridge without disturbing the thermally insulated sidewalls of the filter stage.

Abstract: Raw plant material is mixed with ethanol under pressure to extract essential elements. The resulting crude oil and ethanol with the dissolved essential elements is separated from the raw plant material and filtered to remove particulates, waxes, lipids, fats and dissolved impurities. The ethanol is then evaporated from the resulting mixture of crude oil and ethanol, and the remaining crude oil then undergoes decarboxylation and distillation to obtain the essential elements. The ethanol may be chilled before adding it to the raw plant material.

Abstract: Raw cannabis plant material is mixed with ethanol and spun-dry to extract cannabinoids. The ethanol may be chilled before adding it to the raw cannabis plant material, and a non-polar solvent stage may be used to increase the yield of the extraction. The resulting crude oil and ethanol with the dissolved cannabinoids is separated from the raw cannabis plant material and filtered to remove particulates, waxes, lipids, fats and dissolved impurities. The ethanol is then evaporated from the resulting mixture of oil and ethanol, and the remaining oil then undergoes brine-washing, decarboxylation and distillation to obtain the cannabinoids and other desirable volatile phytochemicals.

Abstract: A series of vertically oriented filters of decreasing pore size is sealed from the atmosphere. Pressurized gas is used to force the liquid to be filtered through the filters. The filter stages are thermally insulated from ambient temperatures in order to maintain the liquid passing through at a reduced temperature. Each filter stage has a removable lid, which provides convenient access for replacing the filter cartridge, allowing it to be changed without disturbing the thermally insulated sidewalls of the filter stage.

Abstract: A series of vertically oriented filters of decreasing pore size is sealed from the atmosphere. Pressurized gas is used to force the liquid to be filtered through the filters. The filter stages are thermally insulated from ambient temperatures in order to maintain the liquid passing through at a reduced temperature. Each filter stage has a removable lid, which provides convenient access for replacing the filter cartridge, allowing it to be changed without disturbing the thermally insulated sidewalls of the filter stage.

Abstract: Raw plant material is mixed with ethanol under pressure to extract essential elements. The resulting crude oil and ethanol with the dissolved essential elements is separated from the raw plant material and filtered to remove particulates, waxes, lipids, fats and dissolved impurities. The ethanol is then evaporated from the resulting mixture of crude oil and ethanol, and the remaining crude oil then undergoes decarboxylation and distillation to obtain the essential elements. The ethanol may be chilled before adding it to the raw plant material.