Abstract: A sensor control apparatus (2) of a gas detection system (1) includes a first low-pass filter (46), a second low-pass filter (48), and a multiplexer (50) so as to provide different time constants for detection of a sensor output signal Vs1 and for detection of a response signal Vs2. When the sensor output signal Vs1 is detected, a signal whose frequency band is the same as that of Vs1 is input to the analog-to-digital conversion section (31) through the first low-pass filter (46). Therefore, the detection accuracy of Vs1 is increased. When Vs2 is detected, a signal whose frequency band is the same as that of Vs2 is input to the analog-to-digital conversion section (31) through the second low-pass filter (48).

Abstract: In a wiring substrate, formation of voids due to underfill filling failure is suppressed. A wiring substrate includes an insulating base layer, an insulating layer laminated on the base layer, and an electrically conductive connection terminal projecting from the insulating layer inside an opening. The insulating layer has a first surface with an opening, and a second surface located within the opening and being concave toward the base layer in relation to the first surface. The second surface extends from the first surface to the connection terminal inside the opening. On a cut surface which is a flat surface extending along a lamination direction in which the insulating layer is laminated on the base layer, an angle which is larger than 0° but smaller than 90° is formed between a normal line extending from an arbitrary point on the second surface toward the outside of the insulating layer and a parallel line extending from the arbitrary point toward the connection terminal in parallel to the first surface.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a spark plug includes a step (a) of chucking, by mutually facing chucks, a metallic shell extending along its center axis so as to fix the metallic shell, and (b) a step of pressing a ground electrode against the fixed metallic shell and applying voltage between the ground electrode and the chucks for resistance-welding the ground electrode and the metallic shell. A first chuck facing a second chuck, wherein, as viewed on an imaginary plane of projection perpendicular to the center axis, the number of support points on the second chuck is smaller than the number of support points on the first chuck for supporting the metallic shell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a control apparatus for controlling power supply from a power source to a glow plug, including a plurality of semiconductor switching elements arranged to turn on and of power supply to the glow plug, a temperature fuse actuated by a temperature rise thereof to interrupt power supply to the semiconductor switching elements, a failure detection portion that detects the occurrence or non-occurrence of an ON failure in each of the semiconductor switching elements, and a control portion that performs drive control of the semiconductor switching elements. When the failure detection portion detects the ON failure in at least one of the semiconductor switching elements, the control portion increases the amount of heat generation of either the at least one of the semiconductor switching elements in which the ON failure is detected or any of the semiconductor switching elements in which the ON failure is not detected.

Abstract: A cross-sectional shape of a gap of a gas sensor element has an end point A which is one of contact points at which the cross-sectional shape is in single-point contact with a virtual straight line parallel to a lamination direction, the one contact point being closest to one side of the laminated structure, an end point B which is one of the contact points closest to another side of the laminated structure, an end point C having the greatest separation from a straight line AB toward a solid electrolyte ceramic layer, and an end point D having the greatest separation from the straight line AB toward another ceramic layer. The distance H1 between the straight line AB and the end point C and the distance H2 between the straight line AB and the end point D satisfy 0.25?H1/H2<1.00 or 1.00<H1/H2?4.00.

Abstract: A flat-plate-type fuel cell stack including a plurality of plate-shaped stacked fuel cells each including an electrolyte layer, an anode, and a cathode. The fuel cell stack includes at least one of a fuel manifold communicating with a space adjacent to the anode and an oxidant manifold communicating with a space adjacent to the cathode. A compression seal member and a glass seal member are disposed around the at least one manifold.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ignition timing control device and ignition timing control system for an internal combustion engine, capable of controlling an ignition timing of the engine promptly in response to a change in engine operating conditions. An ignition timing adjustment unit (43) is adapted to correct the ignition timing to a proper ignition timing in a retard region with reference to a maximum advance value based on a knocking signal outputted from a knocking detection unit (41) and a reference ignition signal (A) outputted from an external electronic control unit (37). The output signal from the ignition timing adjustment unit (43) can be thus promptly adjusted by retarding the ignition timing relative to a reference ignition timing given from the external electronic control unit (37) upon detection of engine knocking.

Abstract: In an ignition plug, the volume V1 of a portion of an insulator, which projects from a metallic shell to a front side, is equal to or greater than 45 mm3; and an expression 0.18?V2/V1?0.37 is satisfied, where H is a length along which the insulator projects from the metallic shell to the front side in an axial direction, and V2 is a volume of a portion of the insulator, which projects from a front end of the insulator along a length H/2 in the axial direction.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction unit which includes a unit cell including an electrolyte layer, a cathode, and an anode facing each other in a first direction; a current collector disposed on a cathode side of the unit cell; and an electrically conductive porous bonding layer. A bonding region contains a block portion and an electrical conductivity securing portion. The block portion has a pore having a diameter that is 20% or more than the thickness of the bonding region in the first direction. The block portion extends inward from one of opposite ends in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction of the bonding region, and reaches and contains the pore satisfying the pore requirement. The electrical conductivity securing portion is located toward the other end of the bonding region and has a smaller average diameter of pores than the block portion.

Abstract: A wiring substrate includes an insulating substrate having a quadrangular planar outline; a quadrangular frame positioned on the surface of the insulating substrate along the periphery, and including an upper surface, a corner portion, and an adjacent portion, the corner portion including a width-expanded portion defining a via hole extending through the frame, the width-expanded portion including an inner wall surface having a rectilinear edge in a plan view, the adjacent portion including an inner wall surface, the inner wall surface of the width-expanded portion forming an obtuse angle with the inner wall surface of the adjacent portion; a via conductor filling the via hole and not exposed from the inner wall surface of the width-expanded portion; and a sealing metallization layer formed on the upper surface of the frame and electrically connected to the via conductor.

Abstract: A spark plug with a center electrode, the center electrode having a small-diameter portion with a noble metal tip joined by laser welding to a front end of the small-diameter portion, a large-diameter portion made larger in diameter than the small-diameter portion and a connection portion connecting the small-diameter portion and the large-diameter portion to each other. In this spark plug, the following conditions (1), (2) and (3) are satisfied: Dg?2.6??(1) 1.15?Lc+Ls?3.0??(2) 0.48?Ls/(Lc+Ls)?0.75??(3) where Dg (mm) is a diameter of the large-diameter portion; Lc (mm) is a length of the noble metal tip in an axis direction of the spark plug; and Ls (mm) is a length of the small-diameter portion in the axis direction of the spark plug.

Abstract: A spark plug (1) includes an insulator (2) having an axial hole (4), a center electrode (5) inserted into the axial hole (4), a metallic shell (3) provided around the insulator (2), a ground electrode (27) whose base end portion is fixed to the metallic shell (3) and which has an annular portion (27A) formed at a forward end portion thereof, the center electrode (5) being disposed radially inward of the annular portion (27A), and an annular tip (32) which is joined to the inner circumference of the annular portion (27A) and which forms a spark discharge gap (28) between the center electrode (5) and the inner circumferential surface of the annular tip (32). Recesses (35) are provided on at least one of the inner and outer circumferences of the annular portion (27A).

Abstract: A spark plug includes a metal shell, an insulator, a center electrode, and a ground electrode. At least one of the center electrode and the ground electrode includes a projection having a columnar shape. The projection projects toward the other of the center electrode and the ground electrode and forms the discharge gap. A portion of a side surface of the projection has a recess. A melted portion is formed by melting the noble metal tip and an electrode base material. The recess is formed in the melted portion. When D is a depth of the recess from a side surface of the noble metal tip and R is a diameter of the noble metal tip, 0.05 mm?D?0.3×R is satisfied.

Abstract: A gas sensor control device for controlling a gas sensor, the gas sensor including a gas sensor element that includes a cell including a pair of electrodes and a solid electrolyte, the gas sensor control device including a circuit board connectable to the gas sensor. The circuit board has mounted thereon a voltage control unit mounted on the circuit board and configured to control a voltage developed across a pair of electrodes of the cell to a constant voltage; a temperature detecting unit mounted on the circuit board and configured to detect a temperature of the circuit board; and a voltage correcting unit mounted on the circuit board and configured to apply a correction voltage to the voltage control unit compensating for a temperature-dependent variation in the constant voltage based on the temperature detected by the temperature detecting unit.

Abstract: A deterioration diagnosis device for an oxidation catalyst includes: a multi-gas sensor disposed in an exhaust passage downstream of an oxidation catalyst, the multi-gas sensor including a NO2 sensor unit and a NOX sensor unit, the NO2 sensor unit directly detecting a NO2 concentration in exhaust gas after passing through the oxidation catalyst, and the NOX sensor unit directly detecting a NOX concentration in the exhaust gas; an NO concentration calculation unit configured to calculate an NO concentration in the exhaust gas after passing through the oxidation catalyst based on the NO2 concentration and the NOX concentration; and a deterioration judgment unit configured to determine a deterioration degree of the oxidation catalyst from an evaluation value based on the NO concentration calculated by the NO concentration calculation unit.

Abstract: A multi-gas sensor controller 9 is provided in an urea SCR system 1 with an SCR catalyst 4, an aqueous urea injector 5 and a multi-gas sensor 8 (ammonia sensor unit and NOx sensor unit). The multi-gas sensor controller 9 determines the concentration of ammonia in exhaust gas flowing out of the SCR catalyst 4, as a downstream ammonia concentration value, based on a detection result o the ammonia detection unit. The multi-gas sensor controller 9 controls the aqueous urea injector 5 to supply urea to the SCR catalyst 4 in a fuel-cut state. Further, the multi-gas sensor controller 9 correct the determined downstream ammonia concentration value based on a detection result of the NOx detection unit and an oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas after the supply of urea to the SCR catalyst with the control of the aqueous urea injector 5 by the controller 9.

Abstract: A sensor control apparatus controls a gas sensor including an electromotive force cell (a detection cell) and an oxygen pump cell. The sensor control apparatus includes an AD conversion section (31); a PID computation section (61); a first signal generation section (63) which generates a DAC control signal S1 (a pump current control signal) based on the results of PID performed by the PID computation section (61); a current DA conversion section (35); and a first signal generation section (63), a second signal generation section (65), and a signal output section (67) configured to selectively set a combination of the results of the computations performed by the PID computation section (61) and to generate a gas detection signal S2 based on the set combination of the computation results.

Abstract: A metal plate-bonded single fuel cell unit according to one aspect of the present invention includes a single cell element having a solid electrolyte and fuel and air electrodes disposed on opposite sides of the solid electrolyte and a metal plate bonded by a brazing material to the single cell element. The metal plate contains Ti and Al and has an Al-Ti-containing oxide layer present on a surface of the metal plate, an Al oxide film present on a surface of the Al-Ti-containing oxide layer and a Ti-containing phase apart from a part of a surface of the Al oxide film in contact with the brazing material while being present on a remaining part of the surface of the Al oxide film. The metal plate-bonded single fuel cell unit has a Ti reaction phase formed at an interface between the solid electrolyte and the brazing material.

Abstract: A purification controller 12 is configured to estimate the amount of ammonia occluded (i.e. ammonia occlusion amount) in an SCR catalyst 4, which is arranged in an exhaust pipe 52 of a diesel engine 51 so as to purify NOx in an exhaust gas of the diesel engine 51. More specifically, the purification controller 12 acquires upstream NO concentration data, upstream NO2 concentration data, downstream NOx concentration data, downstream NO2 concentration data and downstream ammonia concentration data. The purification controller 12 further acquires an urea injection amount. Then, the purification controller 12 estimates the ammonia occlusion amount based on the acquired upstream NO concentration data, upstream NO2 concentration data, downstream NOx concentration data, downstream NO2 concentration data and downstream ammonia concentration data, the acquired urea injection amount and reaction formulas for reduction of NOx with the SCR catalyst 4.

Abstract: To provide a wiring board excellent in connection reliability with a semiconductor chip. A first buildup layer 31 where resin insulating layers 21 and 22 and a conductor layer 24 are laminated is formed at a substrate main surface 11 side of an organic wiring board 10. The conductor layer 24 for an outermost layer in the first buildup layer 31 includes a plurality of connecting terminal portions 41 for flip-chip mounting a semiconductor chip. The plurality of connecting terminal portions 41 is exposed through an opening portion 43 of a solder resist layer 25. Each connecting terminal portion 41 includes a connection region 51 for a semiconductor chip and a wiring region 52 disposed to extend from the connection region 51 along the planar direction.