Abstract: The present invention relates to a Cu—Sn—O alloy plating having an oxygen content of 0.3 to 50 at %, a copper content of 20 to 80 at %, and a tin content of 10 to 70 at % in the plating. The present invention provides a copper tin alloy plating that has excellent plating adhesion and disengaging force stability and particularly a Cu—Sn—O alloy plating that has a blackish color tone without containing any controlled substances.

Abstract: The surface-treated doctor blade having nickel-phosphorus-based alloy plating which does not include irregularities of planar diameter exceeding 50 ?m at least at the blade edge end can have an improved conformability of blade edge and at the same time improved wear resistance of the blade edge, thereby enabling reduction in exchange frequency of the blades. Moreover, it is preferable that the plating include 20 or less irregularities of planar diameter more than 30 ?m per 1 m in the longitudinal direction, more preferably the plating includes 10 or less irregularities of planar diameter more than 20 ?m per 1 m in the longitudinal direction, particularly preferably the plating includes 5 or less irregularities of planar diameter more than 10 ?m per 1 m in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Cu—Sn—O alloy plating having an oxygen content of 0.3 to 50 at %, a copper content of 20 to 80 at %, and a tin content of 10 to 70 at % in the plating. The present invention provides a copper tin alloy plating that has excellent plating adhesion and disengaging force stability and particularly a Cu—Sn—O alloy plating that has a blackish color tone without containing any controlled substances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Cu—Sn—O alloy plating having an oxygen content of 0.3 to 50 at %, a copper content of 20 to 80 at %, and a tin content of 10 to 70 at % in the plating. The present invention provides a copper tin alloy plating that has excellent plating adhesion and disengaging force stability and particularly a Cu—Sn—O alloy plating that has a blackish color tone without containing any controlled substances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Cu—Sn—O alloy plating having an oxygen content of 0.3 to 50 at %, a copper content of 20 to 80 at %, and a tin content of 10 to 70 at % in the plating. The present invention provides a copper tin alloy plating that has excellent plating adhesion and disengaging force stability and particularly a Cu—Sn—O alloy plating that has a blackish color tone without containing any controlled substances.

Abstract: Disclosed is a surface treated doctor blade in which the surface of at least the blade edge portion thereof consists of a surface treatment coating film composed of a first layer consisting of a specific nickel-based plating and a second layer provided thereon which has low surface energy, and in which preferably at least a part of the blade edge end portion of the blade base material is exposed. In the surface treated doctor blade of the present invention, it is possible to improve wear resistance of the blade edge end and to suppress generation of printing failures during continuous printing. Further, in the mode in which at least a part of the blade base material is exposed, it is possible to reduce running-in time for adjustment of contact of the blade edge with the cylinder after replacement of the doctor blade.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pyrophosphoric acid bath for use in cyanogen-free copper-tin alloy plating that contains an additive (A) composed an amine derivative, an epihalohydrin and a glycidyl ether compound with ratios of epihalohydrin to glycidyl ether compound being 0.5–2 to 0.1–5 on mol basis, per 1 mol of the amine derivative, has a pH of 3 to 9, and optionally contains an additive (B) composed of an organic sulfonic acid and/or an organic sulfonic acid salt, and to a copper-tin alloy coating obtainable by using the bath. The invention provides a pyrophosphoric acid bath for use in copper-tin alloy plating of the cyanogen-free type utilizable on an industrial scale, particularly, capable of performing uniform treatment to exhibit low defective product generation rates even with the current density being incessantly changing between a high state and a low state, as a barrel plating method, and a copper-tin alloy coating obtainable by using the bath.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous ceramic composite plating method for long doctor base materials which comprises a degreasing step, rinsing step, acid immersion step, rinsing step, electroless ceramic composite nickel plating step, plating solution collection step, rinsing step, and drying step between a first step of supplying continuously one or a plurality of long doctor blade base materials held on one or a plurality of material reels spirally while the blade surfaces are maintained in a horizontal direction with respect to the surface of a solution and a predetermined interval therebetween is maintained and a final step of taking up continuously the one or plurality of blade base materials on a plurality of corresponding take-up reels while the one or plurality of blade base materials are cramped by a plurality of pinch rolls, as well as to an apparatus therefor.

Abstract: A continuous ceramic composite plating apparatus for long doctor base materials, comprising one or more material reels; pinch rolls for cramping and forwardly supplying the blade base materials continuously while blade surfaces of the blade base materials are maintained horizontally with respect to a surface of a solution, for uniformly plating the blade base materials wherein a higher concentration of ceramic fine powder is deposited on a top surface of the blade base materials than a concentration of the fine ceramic powder on their lower surface; and take-up reels for taking up the blades continuously, said apparatus further comprising a series of treatment tanks between the material reels and the take-up reels including a degreasing tank; a rinsing tank; an acid immersion tank; a second rinsing tank; an electroless ceramic composite nickel plating tank; a plating solution collecting tank; a third rinsing tank; and a drying tank.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pyrophosphoric acid bath for use in Cu—Sn alloy plating without containing a cyanic ion comprising a reaction product (A) of an amine derivative and an epihalohydrin in a 1:1 mole ratio and a cationic surfactant (B) and, when necessary, further comprising a surface tension adjusting agent (C), a bath stabilizer (D) and an N-benzylpyridinium derivative (E) as additives. According to the bath of the present invention, by changing a bath composition of copper and tin or by employing a characteristic additive, a stable film with a silver-white, gold, copper or light black color can be obtained. By increasing tin contents in the bath, the bath can be used for lead-free solder plating. The bath is safe in handling and hygienic and, moreover, has no sewage process and environmental problems since it contains neither cyanic compound nor formaldehyde derivative.

Abstract: A continuous ceramic composite plating method for long doctor base materials which comprises a degreasing step, rinsing step, acid immersion step, rinsing step, electroless ceramic composite nickel plating step, plating solution collection step, rinsing step, and drying step between a first step of supplying continuously one or a plurality of long doctor blade base materials held on one or a plurality of material reels spirally while the blade surfaces are maintained in a horizontal direction with respect to the surface of a solution; and a predetermined interval therebetween is maintained and a final step of taking up continuously the one or plurality of blade base materials on a plurality of corresponding take-up reels while the one or plurality of blade base materials are cramped by a plurality of pinch rolls, as well as an apparatus therefor. The doctor blades can be plated continuously and efficiently.