Abstract: The wheel speed of each wheel of a vehicle is calculated based on wheel speed signals from wheel speed sensors. The wheel acceleration of each wheel is calculated based on the wheel speed. High frequency components of the wheel acceleration of each wheel are filtered using a high-pass filter to obtain the frequency components of the wheel acceleration which are due only to the road surface condition. Then, a variance of the filtered wheel acceleration is calculated, and a bad road condition determination is executed using the calculated variance. Anti-skid control is carried out based on the bad road condition determination result to provide improved braking control in off-road conditions.