Abstract: Catalytic materials, particularly membranes, exhibiting high activity, high stability and low metal leaching in a variety of chemical reactions, particularly selective hydrogenations of unsaturated organic compounds, are described. These membranes are inorganic/polymeric hybrid materials in which metal complex molecular catalysts are immobilized or metal nano-particle catalysts are embedded. More specifically, the catalytic materials of the present invention exhibit higher activity and selectivity, and can be used in more extensive kinds of organic solvents than the conventional hybrid catalytic materials due to improvement in the affinity to organic solvents by containing the specific polymeric additives.

Abstract: Catalytic materials with high activity in various chemical reactions as well as high durability are described. The catalytic materials are composed of specific, hybrid combinations of inorganic/polymeric compounds containing metal nano-particles therein, and can be easily reused with negligible catalysts leaching. They are particularly useful, but not limited to, the hydrogenation of substituted ?,? unsaturated acids or esters.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes an anode that is supplied with a gas containing an anode active material for being oxidized, a cathode that is supplied with a liquid containing a nonvolatile cathode active material for being reduced, and an electrolyte membrane that separates the anode and the cathode, and the electrolyte membrane comprises an inorganic/organic hybrid compound that is formed by chemical bonding of polyvinyl alcohol with an inorganic compound including at least one compound selected from the group consisting of silicic acid compounds, a tungstic acid compounds, and zirconic acid compounds.

Abstract: There is provided a low-cost alkaline storage battery separator capable of implementing stable fiber spinning and excellent ammonia trapping function so as to control self-discharge. Spinning fiber using resin including 1.0 mass % or greater of low crystalline polyolefin, crystalline polyolefin and maleic anhydride-modified polyolefin corresponding to a maleic anhydride component content of 3.5 to 35 mass % in the fiber assures stability during fiber spinning. Moreover, making a nonwoven fabric using the fiber act as a separator allows a high level of ammonia trapping function and controls self-discharge of the alkaline storage battery.

Abstract: A cellulose solution obtained by dissolving cellulose in an amine oxide solvent is formed in a film form, and the resulting cellulose solution is immersed in water or a poor solvent of the amine oxide solvent, so as to coagulate and regenerate the cellulose. The regenerated cellulose is washed with water to remove the amine oxide solvent, and then dried, thereby obtaining a cellulose film that is thin, uniform, and dense and has few impurities. An aluminum electrolytic capacitor, which has been down-sized and/or capacity enlarged, can be constructed by interleaving the obtained cellulose film as a separator between an anode aluminum foil and a cathode aluminum foil and winding them into a capacitor element, immersing the capacitor element in liquid electrolyte so as to impregnate it with the electrolyte, placing it in a case, and then sealing it closed and aging it.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrolyte holder for a lithium secondary battery capable of holding an electrolytic solution inside electrodes or at an interface between the separator and each of the electrodes, preventing electrolyte shortage inside the electrodes, and restraining dendrite from precipitating and growing and also provide the lithium secondary battery, using the electrolyte holder, which is capable of achieving a cycle life to such an extent that the lithium secondary battery can be used for industrial application. An electrolyte holder (3) for use in the lithium secondary battery consists of a multi-layer structure having at least two hydrophilic fibrous layers (A, B) having different porosities. The electrolyte holder (3) is composed of an electrode group formed by winding a cathode (2) and an anode (1) or laminating the cathode (2) and the anode (1) one upon another with an electrolyte holder (3) serving as a separator interposed between the cathode (2) and the anode (1).

Abstract: Provided is a separator for an alkaline battery, capable of suppressing reduction in the characteristics of the alkaline battery after storage. The separator for an alkaline battery is interposed between the cathode and anode of the alkaline battery, is used to isolate the active material of both electrodes, and is configured by including 20-90 mass % cellulose fiber and having the remainder being an alkali-resistance synthetic fiber. The cellulose fiber includes a dissolving pulp.

Abstract: Catalytic materials, particularly membranes, exhibiting high activity, high stability and low metal leaching in a variety of chemical reactions, particularly selective hydrogenations of unsaturated organic compounds, are described. These membranes are inorganic/polymeric hybrid materials in which metal complex molecular catalysts are immobilized or metal nano-particle catalysts are embedded. More specifically, the catalytic materials of the present invention exhibit higher activity and selectivity, and can be used in more extensive kinds of organic solvents than the conventional hybrid catalytic materials due to improvement in the affinity to organic solvents by containing the specific polymeric additives.

Abstract: Catalytic materials with high activity in various chemical reactions as well as high durability are described. The catalytic materials are composed of specific, hybrid combinations of inorganic/polymeric compounds containing metal nano-particles therein, and can be easily reused with negligible catalysts leaching. They are particularly useful, but not limited to, the hydrogenation of subsituted ?,? unsaturated acids or esters.

Abstract: A method of forming a battery separator to be sandwiched between a positive and a negative electrode of a battery is discussed. A polyethylene resin surface is formed on a surface of a nonwoven fabric, which is made of polypropylene resin as a main component material and structured with bonded pieces of the polypropylene resin. The polyethylene resin surface is then subjected to a hydrophilization treatment, such as a radical reaction treatment or a sulfonation treatment. As a result, a secondary battery separator having a high mechanical strength along with a high hydrophilic nature, and a secondary battery using that secondary battery separator are provided.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a separator for alkaline battery and an alkaline battery capable of reducing the internal resistance of the alkaline battery so as to improve the heavy load discharge performance. The separator for alkaline battery is a separator for separating a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material of the alkaline battery from each other, the separator containing 40% or more by weight of cellulose fibers, and 0.05% to 0.5% by weight of polyamine-epichlorohydrin resin in terms of resin solid content. The alkaline battery has its positive electrode active material and negative electrode active material separated from each other by the separator.

Abstract: A low cost, viable and modular method to prepare new, highly selective catalytic materials, especially “catalytic membranes”, is described. A method for the engineering and use of various types of reactors based on these catalytic membranes, even in a one-pot procedure, is also disclosed. The catalytic membranes are versatile, in terms of variety of chemical reactions promoted, and can be easily reused with negligible catalysts leaching. They are particularly useful, but not limited to, the asymmetric hydrogenation of substituted ?,? unsaturated acids or esters.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solid electrolyte with high ion-conductivity which is cheap and exhibits high conductivity in an alkaline form, and stably keeps high conductivity because of a small amount of the leak of a compound bearing conductivity even in a wet state. The invention is useful in an electrochemical system using the solid electrolyte, such as a fuel cell. The solid electrolyte with high ion-conductivity comprises a hybrid compound which contains at least polyvinyl alcohol and a zirconic acid compound, and also a nitrogen-containing organic compound having a structure of amine, quaternary ammonium compound and/or imine, obtained by hydrolyzing a zirconium salt or an oxyzirconium salt in a solution including water, polyvinyl alcohol, a zirconium salt or an oxyzirconium salt and a nitrogen-containing organic compound having a structure of amine, quaternary ammonium compound and/or imine coexist, removing a solvent and contacting with alkali.

Abstract: A thin separator paper is provided for separating a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material from one another in alkaline battery. The separator paper has high gas tightness, high shortage preventing effect, and low deterioration. The separator paper possesses a crystalline structure in which cellulose 1 and cellulose 2 coexist. A ratio of the cellulose 2 is controlled in relation to the cellulose 1 and the separator paper is made by using an alkali treated pulp beaten from CSF 50 ml to 0 ml, as a raw material. The separator paper has the thickness between 15 ?m and 60 ?m, the gas tightness between 10 minutes/100 ml and 800 minutes/100 ml, and the area shrinkage rate which is not greater than 2%. Also provided is an alkaline battery containing the separator paper.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a solid electrolyte and an electrochemical system using the solid electrolyte which has a little expansion (swelling) and whose strength does not decrease in case of positioning the solid electrolyte including a complex compound composed of an inorganic compound, polyvinyl alcohol, and water, in a wet condition. It is possible to use the solid electrolyte in a device such as a fuel cell or an electrolytic device used with the wet condition. The solid electrolyte has a little size variation even if humidity varies and has a low methanol permeability.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a high ion conductive solid electrolyte which uses organic and inorganic complex compound having water absorption and water resistance and to provide an electrochemical system using the high ion conductive solid electrolyte. The high ion conductive solid electrolyte is composed a complex compound including water that has zirconic acid compound and polyvinyl alcohol and compound having carboxyl group or metal salt of the compound having carboxyl group. An aqueous solution in which zirconium salt or oxyzirconnium salt and polyvinyl alcohol and compound having carboxyl group or metal salt of the compound having carboxyl group are dissolved is neutralized by alkali. After removing water used as solvent, unnecessary salts are removed from the neutralized solution. The high ion conductive solid electrolyte is obtained which is composed of the complex compound. Various electrochemical systems are obtained each of which use the high ion conductive solid electrolyte.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a low cost and highly ionic conductive solid electrolyte which is an organic-inorganic composite compound and is water-absorbing as well as water-resistive. Another object of the present invention is to provide electrochemical systems utilizing the above-mentioned electrolyte. The solid electrolyte of the present invention is a composite compound comprising tungstic and/or molybdic acid compound and polyvinylalcohol (PVA), and containing water. Tungstate and/or molybdate and other salt are neutralized by an acid in the aqueous solution dissolving PVA. Then, the water as the solvent of the aqueous solution is removed, and then the unnecessary salts are removed, thereby obtaining the composite compound.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a separator which is excellent in sticking and adhesion capability with the solid electrolyte, physically strong and highly heat-resistive and to provide a solid electrolyte condenser which is excellent in the impedance characteristic and leak current characteristic. In a solid electrolyte condenser comprising an anode foil, a cathode foil, a separator, the separator is made of a nonwoven fabric containing polyester resin or its derivative manufactured by the wet method. The condenser element is formed by rolling the anode foil and the cathode foil together with the separator between them. The solid electrolyte is provided between the anode foil and the cathode foil of the condenser element.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a high ion conductive solid electrolyte which uses organic and inorganic complex compound having water absorption and water resistance and to provide an electrochemical system using the high ion conductive solid electrolyte. The high ion conductive solid electrolyte is composed of a complex compound including water that has zirconic acid compound and polyvinyl alcohol. An aqueous solution in which zirconium salt or oxyzirconnium salt and polyvinyl alcohol are dissolved is neutralized by alkali. After removing water used as solvent, unnecessary salts are removed from the neutralized solution. The high ion conductive solid electrolyte is obtained which is composed of the complex compound having zirconic acid compound, polyvinyl alcohol, and water. Various electrochemical systems are obtained each of which use the high ion conductive solid electrolyte.

Abstract: A separator paper is provided which simultaneously satisfies the requirements to have a high denseness that can prevent internal shortage due to such as the deposition of the zinc oxide dendrite accompanied by not adding mercury, and a high liquid impregnate properties that can improve heavy discharging properties.