Abstract: A scheme for directional counting of moving objects capable of counting moving objects stably while determining passing directions of the moving objects accurately. In this scheme, a counting line is set in an image field of the sequential images, and a dynamic image formed by pixels forming the counting line is obtained for each frame and while a succesively updated background image is obtained. Then, a subtraction and binarization processing are applied to the dynamic image and the background image to extract a moving object region, and a moving object image is formed by sequentially labeling the moving object region in time order.

Abstract: To realize an optical fiber connector coupled or decoupled by simple insertion and removal operation without applying ferrule connecting force to other elements (package board or back panel), the optical connector comprises a first housing (33); a second housing (34); a third housing (36) slidably housed within the second housing; a first engage mechanism (37, 38) provided between the second and third housings, for engaging these two housings when the first and third housings are not coupled; a second engage mechanism (39, 40) provided between the first and third housings, for engaging these two housings when the first housing is coupled to second and third housings; a first release member (41) provided for the first housings, for releasing the first engage mechanism when the third housing is engaged to the first housing; and a second release member (42) provided for the second housing, for releasing the second engage mechanism when the second housing is coupled to the third housing or the first housing is de

Abstract: A positive resist composition comprising a poly(p-hydroxystyrene) as matrix resin which is synthesized by an anionic polymerization method and has a weight average molecular weight of from 8,000 to 20,000, bis(p-t-butoxycarbonylmethyl)thymolphthalein as dissolution inhibitor, bis(p-t-butylphenyl)iodonium triflate as acid generator; a compound which contains one amino group and one carboxyl group to function as acid deactivator and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate as organic solvent.

Abstract: A radio communication system operates between two radio terminals, and/or between a radio terminal and a fixed terminal through a network. In the present disclosure, the switching of codec-release mode and codec mode in the network is controlled by using a specific control line which is installed in addition to a speech line. Thus, when a radio terminal communicates with another radio terminal through a network, no codec is used in the network, and so, speech distortion and signal delay are not deteriorated due to signal conversion by using a codec.

Abstract: An ATM switch in which the throughput is improved by the simplified arbitration scheme and circuit configuration. This ATM switch uses a matrix type switch formed by N input lines for transmitting the cells read out from the input buffers, M output lines for transmitting the cells to be written into the output buffers, and N.times.M crosspoints located at intersections of the input lines and the output lines, where each crosspoint at an intersection of one input line and one output line carries out an arbitration operation in which a cell arriving from an upper stream side of that one output line is passed to a lower stream side of that one output line with a higher priority than a cell arriving from that one input line, and tile cell arriving from that one input line is transferred to the lower stream side of that one output line only when there is no cell arriving from the upper stream side of that one output line.

Abstract: A method of measuring a length of a conduit comprises the steps of: supplying air into a conduit to insert a filamentary body into the conduit by flow of the air; detecting arrival of a forward end of the filamentary body at an outlet of the conduit; and measuring the length of the conduit from the length of the filamentary body inserted into the conduit. An apparatus for measuring a length of a conduit, comprises an air supply device for supplying air into the conduit; a filamentary body including a wire and a plurality of elastic large-diameter members attached to the wire; and a device for detecting that a forward end of the filamentary body arrives at an outlet end of the conduit, where the length of the conduit is measured from the length of the filamentary body inserted into the conduit.

Abstract: A photonic frequency division multiplexed FIFO buffer capable of realizing a multiple input one output FIFO buffer or a one input one output FIFO buffer by using only a small number of buffers. This buffer is formed by a plurality of loop shaped optical waveguide delay lines for storing the input optical signals from the time division multiplexed input highway, which are connected in series by a plurality of 2.times.2 optical switches for selectively transferring the input optical signals among the loop shaped optical waveguide delay lines. This buffer also includes a 1.times.2 frequency channel selector, connected at a last stage of the loop shaped optical waveguide delay lines, for selectively outputting optical signals in specific frequency channels among the input optical signals stored by the last stage of the loop shaped optical waveguide delay lines as the output optical signals to the timeslots on the time division multiplexed output highway.

Abstract: A cross-point type switch includes a plurality of basic elements arranged in rows and columns so as to form a matrix arrangement of the basic elements. Each of the basic elements includes a plurality of input ports, output ports, expanded input ports and expanded output ports. A write/read part is connected to a common memory and has the function of writing data into the common memory and reading out the data from the common memory. A selector part selectively outputs either the data read out from the common memory or data from the expanded input ports to the output ports. The expanded output ports are directly connected to the input ports.

Abstract: A transceiver used for a wireless in-building communication system has a housing which can be fitted with a luminaire having at least one lamp socket to which AC power supply voltage is supplied. At least one lamp base is projected from the housing and is capable of being engaged with the lamp socket so as to receive the AC power supply voltage from the luminaire. A member for radiating/receiving light or electromagnetic wave is disposed on a surface of the housing or in the housing. A power conversion circuit is disposed in the housing so as to convert the AC power supply voltage received via the lamp base into DC voltage having a predetermined voltage value. At least one transmit-receive circuit is disposed in the housing and is coupled with the radiating/receiving member so as to execute transmit-receive operation. The transmit-receive circuit is operated by the DC voltage supplied from the power conversion circuit.

Abstract: In a cross-connect apparatus for use in selectively connecting a plurality of input transmission paths to a plurality of output transmission paths, each of the input and the output transmission paths is divided into first through m-th groups each of which is composed of first through n-th transmission paths, first through m-th elementary switch modules are located between the input and the output transmission paths, n in number, of the first through the m-th groups and are connected to a connection switch module through first to m-th input internal path groups each of which is composed of n internal paths and which are extended into first through m-th switch units each of which has input terminals, n(m-1) in number, and output terminals, n in number, where n and m are natural numbers. An i-th one of the switch units in the connection switch module is connected to the input path groups, (m-1) in number, except an i-th internal path group, where i is a natural number between unity and m, both inclusive.

Abstract: An optical receiver for receiving tile optical signals with high speed modulation at a high sensitivity. In this optical receiver, a local beam synchronized with a carrier of the optical signal is generated, and multi-frequency local beam components obtained from the local beam are spatially resolved to obtain spatially resolved beams with mutually different frequencies. Then, the optical signal and the obtained spatially resolved beams are entered into the photo-detector element array simultaneously to obtain an interference fringe pattern. The received optical signal is then reconstructed by Fourier analyzing the interference fringe pattern obtained by the photo-detector element array.

Abstract: In a mobile communication system in which the service area is covered with a plurality of location registration areas each having a plurality of cells each relating to a specific base station, each location registration area has a plurality of groups so that the cells belonging to any group overlaps partly with the cells of other groups, but do not completely coincide with cells of other groups, and each mobile station belongs to one of said groups. When a mobile station moves beyond the border of location registration areas, the location updating for the mobile station is carried out at the cell in which the mobile station stays. In that case, as the mobile stations are classified into a plurality of groups, the traffic in each cell for location updating is dispersed to many cells, and the maximum traffic density for location updating per cell is reduced. So, the number of control channels in the system for location updating may be reduced.

Abstract: A positive resists material for high energy-sensitive positive resists which can be developed in aqueous alkali solution, said material comprising (A) a polyhydroxystyrene resin wherein some hydroxyl groups are substituted by t-butoxycarbonyloxy groups, (B) a solution blocking agent, and (C) an onium salt, and being characterized in that said solution blocking agent contains at least one t-butoxycarbonyloxy group per molecule, said onium salt is bis(p-t-butylphenyl) iodinium trifluormethylsulfonate represented by the following formula (1): ##STR1## and the weight proportions of (A), (B), (C) are given by the relations: 0.07.ltoreq.B-.ltoreq.0.40, 0.005.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.0.15, 0.55.ltoreq.A, A+B+C=1. As the resist has low absorption at the exposure wavelength of a KrF exima laser, a fine pattern having vertical walls is easily formed.

Abstract: A switching apparatus for a switched network of the asynchronous transfer mode includes a path inspection control device connected to an input interface board, a switching network, and an output interface board. Cells for path inspection are supplied parallel to the input interface board; routing information is supplied to the switching network; the transmissions of the cells for path inspection are simultaneously switched accordingly; the cells for path inspection are delivered in parallel formation from the output interface board; the cells for path inspection delivered from the output interface board are compared with predetermined comparison data, and the routing information and the cells for path inspection or the comparison data are changed in synchronization with predetermined time signals.

Abstract: An optical connector for connecting optical fibers, comprises: a guide-groove substrate having grooves for positioning optical fibers and guide pins; an upper plate having groove portions each for covering the guide pins positioned in the guide grooves of the guide-groove substrate; elastic guide-pin pressing members each provided in the groove portions of the upper plate above portions where the guide pin grooves are in contact with the guide pins. In such a arrangement, it is preferable to form an oxide film on said V-grooves of the guide-groove substrate at least in the vicinity of contact points between the guide pins and the V-grooves. The optical connector further includes a resin molding portion for surrounding the substrate and the upper plate, the resin molding portion including a pair of opposite opened portions at a front and back surfaces thereof.

Abstract: An optical matrix switch includes a first guide mechanism having plural guide portions arranged in parallel, a first slider for holding an optical fiber, the first slider being freely slidably mounted along a guide portion of the first guide mechanism, a first partition member for isolating a surplus-length portion of the optical fiber along the guide portion of the first guide mechanism the optical fiber being connected to the first slider, and first drive means for moving the first slider along the guide portion of the first guide mechanism.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for converting a frame phase of a signal having a frame structure specified in the CCITT recommendations which contains N (N: an integer 2 or above) pieces of frames applied with time-division/multiplex, in which the N pieces of frames are given to N pieces of memories, respectively, a write address is given independently to each memory so that the N pieces of frames are written in the respective memories in a same phase as the phase in the signal, a read address is given independently to each memory so that the N pieces of frames are read out of the respective memories in a same phase as the write phase, a difference between a write address and a read address in each memory is set identical under an initial state, and justification is executed for a frame which is read out of the memory in accordance with a difference between existing write address and read address in each memory, whereby to perform frame phase conversion while maintaining relative phase among respective frames.

Abstract: A water absorptive composition comprising a thermoplastic elastomer as a first component, a water-absorptive resin as a second component, and a third component selected from the group which consists of: a water-soluble resin; a hydrophilic compound selected from the group consisting of metal salt of carboxylic acid, polyhydric alcohol, amino alcohol, linear polyether, saccharide, and sugar alcohol; and a surface treating agent selected from the group consisting of sorbitan fatty acid ester, glycidyl ether of polyhydric alcohol, and silane coupling agent. The composition is suitably used for producing a water absorptive member for protecting optical fiber elements of an optical fiber cable.

Abstract: The growth rate of a compound semiconductor thin film is freely enhanced or suppressed by establishing a proper temperature of a substrate 10, and by irradiating by an MOMBE technique, portions corresponding to a desired pattern on the substrate 10 with laser rays having an energy lower than that of photon which can directly decompose an organometal during film growth. A compound semiconductor thin film having a fine pattern with complicated unevenness can be formed on the substrate 10. The relative positions of the source 11 of laser rays, the optical systems 12 and 31 for irradiating the substrate with the laser rays, and the substrate 10 in the vacuum chamber 1 are maintained constant by mounting the body 1 of the MOMBE system, the source 11 of the laser rays, and the optical systems 12 and 31 for guiding the laser rays to the body 1 of the MOMBE system on a vibration proof base 30, whereby the formation of a fine pattern becomes possible.

Abstract: A method of achieving consistent cache coherence control in a tightly coupled multi-processor system with a plurality of processors having copy-back cache memories and a shared memory connected by a split transfer system bus. In this method, the cache memory data management is accomplished by using cache memory states for labelling each data entry in the cache memories, the cache memory states including at least one transient state for awaiting data transfer after a corresponding address transfer, and access is prohibited to data which is in the transient state in one cache memory by a processor other that the processor associated with this one cache memory.