Abstract: A regeneration process for tellurium-containing metal oxide catalysts used in the process for oxidation, ammoxidation or oxidative dehydrogenation of organic compounds at a temperature of about 300.degree. C. to about 600.degree. C. The process can be effectively applied to such catalysts which have become partially deactivated during the reaction.

Abstract: A completion and workover fluid is described, containing a soluble salt, a hydroxyethyl cellulose and at least one compound selected from 2-mercaptobenzimidazole compounds, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole compounds, 2-mercaptothiazoline and 2-thioimidazolidone.

Abstract: A method of stabilizing an aqueous solution of xanthan gum is described, comprising incorporating at least one stabilizing agent selected from the group consisting of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole and derivatives thereof in an aqueous solution of xanthan gum.

Abstract: A drilling fluid is described, consisting essentially of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonite, water, and at least one compound selected from 2-mercaptobenzimidazole compounds, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole compounds, 2-mercaptothiazoline and 2-thioimidazolidone.

Abstract: A slow release nitrogen fertilizer comprising a hydrous cured product of urea-formaldehyde condensate in which the total methylol content is 0.1 to 1.0% by weight (based on the weight of hydrous product) and the hot water-dissolution percentage [percentage of the cured product dissolved in hot water at 80.degree. C. when the product has been immersed therein for 30 minutes (based on the weight of anhydrous product)] is 10% by weight or less.

Abstract: A process for producing an antimony-containing oxide catalyst supported on silica for use in a fluidized bed reaction is described, by the steps of preparing a slurry containing an antimony compound, a polyvalent metal compound, and silica sol as the essential ingredients, heat treating the slurry at a pH of 7 or less and at a temperature of 40.degree. C. or higher, and thereafter spray-drying the slurry and calcining the dried particles, wherein said silica sol has a multi-peak particle size distribution profile that is derived by using a mixture of silica sol A in an amount corresponding to form 10 to 90 wt % of the total silica in the catalyst and silica sol B in an amount corresponding to 90 to 10 wt % of the total silica in the catalyst, with silica sols A and B having different average particle sizes, provided that the relations 3<da<100 and 0.1<da/db<0.9 are satisfied by da (m.mu.), the average particle size of silica sol A, and db (m.mu.), the average particle size of silica sol B.

Abstract: A process for the production of antimony-containing metal oxide catalysts, comprising preparing a slurry containing as essential components an antimony component, a polyvalent metal compound, and silica sol, heating and drying the slurry to form a solid product, and then calcining the solid product, wherein the antimony component is a mixture of (A) at least one of antimonic acid, polyantimonic acid and the salts thereof and (B) antimony trioxide, and is prepared by mixing (A) and (B) in such a manner that the antimony provided by the (B) constitutes from 0.1 to 70 atomic % of the total amount of antimony and further in an aqueous slurry state. These antimony-containing metal oxide catalysts have superior activity and physical properties, and further reproducibility in the preparation thereof. Thus they are useful for production of aldehydes and acids through oxidation, nitriles through ammoxidation, and dienes, unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated acids through oxidative dehydrogenation.

Abstract: Iron-antimony metallic oxide catalysts which have become deactivated after being used for the production of aldehydes, acids, nitriles, or dienes through oxidation, ammoxidation, or oxidative dehydrogenation of organic compounds in fluidized-bed reactors are regenerated by adding to the catalyst a solid molybdenum component which is volatile or capable of forming a volatile compound under reaction conditions. The metallic oxide catalysts contain as essential components (I) Fe, (II) Sb, (III) at least one element selected from the group consisting of V, MO, and W, and (IV) Te.

Abstract: A process for preparing a cationic polymer which comprises polymerizing a monomer mixture containing acrylamide and a cationic alkenyl monomer represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents H or CH.sub.3 ; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represent independently CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 ; R.sup.4 represents H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 or a benzyl group; A represents --OC.sub.n H.sub.2n -- (wherein n=2 or 3), ##STR2## or --NC.sub.n H.sub.2n -- (wherein n=2 or 3); and X.sup.- represents Cl.sup.-, Br.sup.-, I.sup.-, CH.sub.3 SO.sub.4.sup.-, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 SO.sub.4.sup.-, 1/2SO.sub.4.sup.-- or CH.sub.3 COO.sup.-, in the form of a sheet in an aqueous medium, characterized in that the composition ratio of acrylamide/cationic alkenyl monomer is within the range of 95/5 to 5/95, and the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a phosphite. The polymers obtained according to this process are free from insolubles produced under the influence of oxygen.

Abstract: Antimony-containing metal oxide catalysts are produced or activated by dry blending (a) a catalyst or catalyst precursor composed of an antimony-containing metal oxides composition containing antimony and at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, cerium, uranium, tin, titanium, and copper, and (b) elemental antimony or an antimony compound, and contacting the components (a) and (b) with each other at about 300.degree. C. to about 1000.degree. C. in a non-reducing gas atmosphere for a period sufficient for the elemental antimony or antimony compound (b) to deposit on the catalyst or catalyst precursor (a).

Abstract: 2-Mercaptobenzoimidazole or its water-soluble salt is added to a water-soluble acrylamide polymer containing a predominant amount of acrylamide in the molecule to inhibit degradation, especially at high temperatures, in a petroleum recovery process.

Abstract: An improved catalyst for use in the production of hydrogen cyanide by vapor phase catalytic ammoxidation of methanol, and a process for the production of hydrogen cyanide in the presence of said improved catalyst are disclosed. This improved catalyst is represented by the following empirical formula:Fe.sub.a Cu.sub.b Sb.sub.c Mo.sub.d Me.sub.e Te.sub.f Q.sub.g O.sub.h (SiO.sub.2).sub.iwherein Me is at least one element selected from the group consisting of V and W; Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Zn, La, Ce, Al, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Bi, U and Sn; and a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i each represents the atomic ratio of the elements in the formula for which they are subscripts, wherein for a=10, b=0.5 to 5, c=12 to 30, d=0 to 15, e=0 to 3, f=0 to 5, g=0 to 6, h=number of oxygen atoms as determined corresponding to the oxide formed by combining the above-described elements, and i=25 to 200.

Abstract: A process for preparing an antimony-containing metal oxide catalyst, comprising the steps of calcining at about 500.degree. to 1,000.degree. C. a metal oxide composition containing, as essential elements, antimony and at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, uranium, tin and copper, impregnating the calcined oxide composition with a tellurium-containing solution, drying the impregnated composition, and calcining the dried composition at about 400.degree. to 850.degree. C., wherein the tellurium-containing impregnating solution is a homogeneous, stable solution containing tellurium and at least one element selected from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten.Thus process is also useful for the modification of existing metal oxide catalyst of low performance and the reactivation of existing deteriorated metal oxide catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the continuous production of acrylamide or methacrylamide from acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile by use of a microorganism capable of promoting the hydration of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile into the corresponding amide.Said process comprising immobilizing the microorganism or enzyme extracted therefrom, continuously bringing the acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile into contact with the immobilized microorganism or enzyme in at least one reactor containing an aqueous medium at a pH pf 6 to 10 to cause the hydration reaction, and recycling a part of the reacted solution to dilute the unreacted acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile and water therewith.

Abstract: A process is described for producing acrylamide from acrylonitrile using an immobilized microorganism containing gel, which comprises immobilizing a microorganism having nitrilasic activity with a cationic acrylamide-based polymer gel and bringing acrylonitrile into contact with the immobilized microorganism gel in an aqueous medium containing substantially no salt.

Abstract: A process for regenerating an antimony containing metal oxide catalyst which comprisesimpregnating aqueous ammonia in an amount corresponding to the pore volume of the catalyst, to a metal oxide catalyst whose activity has been deteriorated, the catalyst containing an essential components (A) antimony, (B) at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, uranium, cerium, tin and copper, (C) at least one element selected from the group consisting of vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten and (D) tellurium,drying the catalyst, andcalcining the catalyst in a non-reducing atmosphere at a temperature in the range of about 550.degree. C. to about 950.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for producing acrylamide from acrylonitrile by utilizing a microorganism or enzyme capable of hydrating acrylonitrile into acrylamide in the form of a highly concentrated aqueous solution of acrylamide which comprises bringing acrylonitrile in contact with the microorganism or enzyme in an aqueous medium at a pH of from 6 to 10, at a temperature of from the freezing point to 50.degree. C., and under such conditions that the concentration of acrylamide in the reaction solution after the completion of the reaction is from 5% by weight to less than 20% by weight, and concentrating the resulting reaction solution; this invention further includes an embodiment wherein the reaction solution is concentrated by cooling the reaction solution after the reaction to from -4.degree. C. to -9.degree. C. to crystallize ice, separating the ice, and using the ice so separated for cooling during the hydration reaction.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing an aqueous solution containing a chlorine-based oxidant is disclosed, comprising incorporating both glycine and at least one halide selected from bromide and iodide in the aqueous solution containing chlorine-based oxidant.

Abstract: A process for producing a fluid catalyst having good activity from a coarse catalyst wherein said fluid catalyst is suitable for oxidation, ammoxidation or oxidative dehydrogenation reaction of hydrocarbons which comprises crushing a fluid catalyst, a greater part of which is composed of particles having a large particle size, to produce finely-divided particles, adjusting the distribution of particle size of said catalyst so that the amount of particles of a size of about 20.mu. or less is about 30% by weight or less of the total weight of catalyst particles and the amount of particles having a weight average particle size is 90% or less based on the catalyst prior to crushing, and thereafter calcining said catalyst at a temperature of about 500.degree. C. - about 1000.degree. C. under a non-reducing atmosphere.

Abstract: 2-Mercaptobenzoimidazole or its water-soluble salt is added to a water-soluble acrylamide polymer containing a predominant amount of acrylamide in the molecule to inhibit degradation, especially at high temperatures, in a petroleum recovery process.