Abstract: A fluorine compound-containing composite material consists essentially of a metal or polymer matrix and particles or fibers of a polytetrafluoroethylene oligomer having a number average molecular weight of 10,000 or less, the proportion of the number of fluorine atoms to the number of the total atoms at the surface portion of the composite material being 40% or more.

Abstract: In oxide film removing equipment for removing a SiO.sub.2 film on a semiconductor substrate by using hydrogen fluoride, a liquid mixture of hydrogen fluoride and methyl alcohol is prepared in a chemical factory beforehand. The liquid mixture of hydrogen fluoride and methyl alcohol is heated to generate azeotropic vapor at a semiconductor works and the vapor is used to remove the SiO.sub.2 film on the substrate. The liquid mixture of hydrogen fluoride and methyl alcohol previously prepared in the chemical factory increases safety during an operation at the semiconductor works.

Abstract: Disclosed is a carbon electrode having low polarizability, comprising a porous carbon block and, contained in the pores thereof, a metal fluoride mixture composed of LiF and a metal fluoride other than LiF. This carbon electrode can easily be obtained by a skillful impregnation method. When such a carbon electrode is used as an anode in electrolyzing an electrolyte comprising a mixed molten salt system of potassium fluoride and hydrogen fluoride in an electrolytic cell, polarization of the anode is extremely low and the anode effect is remarkably suppressed so that the electrolysis can stably be performed while exhibiting not only a high anodic current density but also a low voltage.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing a graphite fluoride for use in an electrochemical cell of the type having as the negative electrode a light metal, such as an alkali metal, an electrolyte in which the negative electrode is not dissolved, and a positive electrode which has, as an active material, a graphite fluoride produced by fluorinating a decomposition residual carbon which has been obtained by decomposing a covalent intercalation compound. The electrochemical cell of the present invention exhibits high discharge potential and low overvoltage, and excellent discharge characteristics with respect to the flatness of discharge voltage, discharge capacity and shelf-life.

Abstract: A novel ternary intercalation compound of a graphite with a metal fluoride and fluorine, which is represented by the formula C.sub.x F(MF.sub.z).sub.y wherein M is a metal is produced by reacting a graphite material with a metal fluoride in an atmosphere of fluorine gas at a temperature of 0.degree. C. to 400.degree. C. for at least a period of time to effect a weight increase in the graphite. The ternary graphite intercalation compound thus obtained has not only an excellent stability to humidity or moisture but also a high electrical conductivity. The novel ternary graphite intercalation compound according to the present invention may be practically used as a novel electrically conductive material and a catalyst of organic reactions.

Abstract: A graphite fluoride comprising mainly poly-dicarbon monofluoride represented by the formula (C.sub.2 F).sub.n can be produced in an extremely short period of time by a process comprising reacting a graphite material with fluorine in the presence of a specific fluoride.

Abstract: A process for producing a novel graphite fluoride type film on the surface of an aluminum substrate in which an aluminum substrate and a carbonaceous material or polycarbon monofluoride represented by the formula (CF).sub.n are heated in an atmosphere of fluorine gas. The film has a luster, and not only exhibits high degree of hydrophobicity but also has corrosion resistance to aqueous solutions of acid and alkali as well as a mechanical strength.

Abstract: The use of an isotropic carbon block having an anisotropy of not more than 1.2 in terms of an anisotropic ratio of specific resistance as an anode in the production of fluorine by the electrolysis of an electrolyte comprising a mixed molten salt system of potassium fluoride and hydrogen fluoride has been found to be extremely useful for attaining increase in critical current density so that occurrence of the unfavorable anode effect can be effectively prevented. With such an isotropic carbon block anode, even if the anode effect occurs, the electrolysis can be stably continued again by lowering the potential of the electrode. Further, the incorporation of a fluoride into the isotropic carbon block anode and/or the addition of a fluoride into the electrolyte is effective for further increasing critical current density.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell comprising a negative electrode having as the active material a light metal and a positive electrode as the main active material a poly-dicarbon monofluoride represented by the formula (C.sub.2 F).sub.n has been found to exhibit a high discharge voltage as compared with the conventional electrolytic cell of the type using as the active material of the positive electrode a polycarbon monofluoride represented by the formula (CF).sub.n and also been found to be excellent in flatness of discharge voltage and shelf-life. The electrolytic cell of the present invention can be produced at low cost due to high yield of (C.sub.2 F).sub.n in production, and is useful as the energy source of such devices as watch, clock, desk type computer, small type radio, etc.

Abstract: A process for preparing a novel chemical compound poly-dicarbon monofluoride represented by the formula (C.sub.2 F).sub.n and having a crystalline structure of packing form featured by its layer structure stacked with an interlayer spacing of about 9.0 A. Such process consists in that a particulate carbon material having a specific crystallinity is reacted with fluorine at 300.degree. to 500.degree. C. According to the process, the desired product can be obtained in a yield as high as 100% with respect to not only the carbon material employed but also the fluorine employed.

Abstract: A novel chemical compound poly-dicarbon monofluoride represented by the formula (C.sub.2 F).sub.n and having a crystalline structure of packing form featured by its layer structure as shown in FIG. 12 hereof stacked with an interlayer spacing of about 9.0 A. Such new compound can be produced under relatively mild reaction conditions and obtained in a yield as large as 100% with respect to not only the carbon material employed but also the fluorine employed. The new compound is black under the formation conditions and of low crystallinity, but it can be easily converted to that of high crystallinity and white color by heat treatment in a fluorine atmosphere. The new compound has a wide variety of uses, for example, as lubricants, stain-resistant and water-repellent materials, cathode materials in high energy primary cells, etc.

Abstract: A novel chemical compound poly-dicarbon monofluoride represented by the formula (C.sub.2 F).sub.n and having a crystalline structure of packing form .[.featured by its layer structure as shown in FIG. 12 hereof.]. stacked with an interlayer spacing of about 9.0 A. Such new compound can be produced under relatively mild reaction conditions and obtained in a yield as large as 100% with respect to not only the carbon material employed but also the fluorine employed. The new compound is black under the formation conditions and of low crystallinity, but it can be easily converted to that of high crystallinity and white color by heat treatment in a fluorine atmosphere. The new compound has a wide variety of uses, for example, as lubricants, stain-resistant and water-repellent materials, cathode materials in high energy primary cells, etc.